【sql】分数排名 Rank Scores

为什么80%的码农都做不了架构师？>>>   

问题：

Write a SQL query to rank scores. If there is a tie between two scores, both should have the same ranking. Note that after a tie, the next ranking number should be the next consecutive integer value. In other words, there should be no "holes" between ranks.

+----+-------+
| Id | Score |
+----+-------+
| 1  | 3.50  |
| 2  | 3.65  |
| 3  | 4.00  |
| 4  | 3.85  |
| 5  | 4.00  |
| 6  | 3.65  |
+----+-------+

For example, given the above Scores table, your query should generate the following report (order by highest score):

+-------+------+
| Score | Rank |
+-------+------+
| 4.00  | 1    |
| 4.00  | 1    |
| 3.85  | 2    |
| 3.65  | 3    |
| 3.65  | 3    |
| 3.50  | 4    |
+-------+------+

解决：

① 对于每一个分数，找出表中有多少个大于或等于该分数的分数，不包括其本身，然后按降序排列即可。1515 ms

SELECT Score,
(SELECT COUNT(DISTINCT Score) FROM Scores WHERE Score >= s.Score) Rank
FROM Scores s ORDER BY Score DESC;

② 使用内交，Join是Inner Join的简写形式，自己和自己内交，条件是右表的分数大于等于左表，然后群组起来根据分数的降序排列。1845 ms

SELECT s1.Score,COUNT(DISTINCT s2.Score) Rank
FROM Scores s1 JOIN Scores s2 ON s1.Score <= s2.Score
GROUP BY s1.Id 
ORDER BY s1.Score DESC;

③ 用了两个变量，变量使用时其前面需要加@，这里的：= 是赋值的意思，如果前面有Set关键字，则可以直接用=号来赋值，如果没有，则必须要使用:=来赋值，两个变量rank和pre，其中rank表示当前的排名，pre表示之前的分数，下面代码中的<>表示不等于，如果左右两边不相等，则返回true或1，若相等，则返回false或0。初始化rank为0，pre为-1，然后按降序排列分数，对于分数4来说，pre赋为4，和之前的pre值-1不同，所以rank要加1，那么分数4的rank就为1，下面一个分数还是4，那么pre赋值为4和之前的4相同，所以rank要加0，所以这个分数4的rank也是1，以此类推就可以计算出所有分数的rank了。906 ms

SELECT Score,
@rank := @rank + (@pre <> (@pre := Score)) Rank
FROM Scores,(SELECT @rank := 0, @pre := -1) INIT
ORDER BY Score DESC;

转载于:https://my.oschina.net/liyurong/blog/1570583