写在前面的话
现在很多iOS项目的开发开始转向Swift语言。 相信 Swift语言很快会成为iOS工程师 必备技能。 字典转模型, 模型转转字典在开发过程中扮演非常重要的角色。 今天就和大家分享一下使用Swift,如何进行字典模型互转。 **
Demo在这里
为了让工作做到极致,这里先提供一个工具 JSONExport。该工具能够使用json数据生成对应的模型类文件,支持oc和Swift,非常不错。
功能:
1,字典-->模型 :最简单的形式
class User: NSObject { //模型类
var name:String?
var icon:String?
// print时会调用。相当于java中的 toString()。为了代码整洁下面的模型去了这个计算属性。测试时请下载demo
override internal var description: String {
return "name: \(name) \n icon:\(icon) \n"
}
}
func func1(){
let dict = ["name":"Jack","icon":"lufy.png"]
if let user = User.objectWithKeyValues(dict) as? User{
print("\(user)")
}
}
输出: name: Optional("Jack")
icon: Optional("lufy.png")
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2,字典-->模型 :模型中包裹模型
//模型类
class Status :NSObject {
var text:String?
var user:User? //与 1 中的模型相同
var retweetedStatus:Status?
}
func func2(){
let dict = ["text":"Agree!Nice weather!",
"user":["name":"Jack","icon":"lufy.png"],
"retweetedStatus":["text":"Nice weather!",
"user":["name":"Rose","icon":"nami.png"]]
]
if let status = Status.objectWithKeyValues(dict) as? Status{
print("\(status)")
}
}
输出:
text:Optional("Agree!Nice weather!")
user:Optional(name: Optional("Jack") icon:Optional("lufy.png"))
retweetedStatus:Optional(text:Optional("Nice weather!")
user:Optional(name: Optional("Rose")icon:Optional("nami.png"))
retweetedStatus:nil)
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3,字典-->模型: 字典中包裹数组, 数组中的元素是 一个模型对应的字典
//模型类, 必须遵守DictModelProtocol协议, 并实现customClassMapping方法。
class UserGroup: NSObject,DictModelProtocol {
var groupName:String?; //团队名称
var numbers:NSArray? //成员,保存User实例
static func customClassMapping() -> [String: String]?{
return ["numbers":"User"]; //指定numbers数组中的元素类型是User
}
}
func func3(){
let dict = ["groupName":"Dream Team",
"numbers":[["name":"Jack","icon":"lufy.png"],
["name":"Rose","icon":"nami.png"]]
]
if let group = UserGroup.objectWithKeyValues(dict){
print("\(group)")
}
}
输出: groupName:Optional("Dream Team")
numbers:Optional((
"name: Optional(\"Jack\") \n icon:Optional(\"lufy.png\") \n",
"name: Optional(\"Rose\") \n icon:Optional(\"nami.png\") \n"
))
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4,字典-->模型: 将一个字典数组转成模型数组
func func4(){
let arrayOfStatus = [["text":"Agree!Nice weather!",
"user":["name":"Jack",
"icon":"lufy.png"
],
"retweetedStatus":["text":"Nice weather!",
"user":["name":"Rose",
"icon":"nami.png"
]
]
],
["text":"2___Agree!Nice weather!",
"user":["name":"2___Jack",
"icon":"2___lufy.png"
],
"retweetedStatus":["text":"2___Nice weather!",
"user":["name":"2___Rose",
"icon":"2___nami.png"
]
]
]]
if let status = Status.objectArrayWithKeyValuesArray(arrayOfStatus){
for item in status{ //打印出数组的元素
print(item)
}
}
}
输出:
text:Optional("Agree!Nice weather!")
user:Optional(name: Optional("Jack")icon:Optional("lufy.png"))
retweetedStatus:Optional(text:Optional("Nice weather!")
user:Optional(name: Optional("Rose") icon:Optional("nami.png"))
retweetedStatus:nil
)
text:Optional("2___Agree!Nice weather!")
user:Optional(name: Optional("2___Jack")icon:Optional("2___lufy.png"))
retweetedStatus:Optional(text:Optional("2___Nice weather!")
user:Optional(name: Optional("2___Rose")icon:Optional("2___nami.png"))
retweetedStatus:nil
)
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5 模型-->字典: 最简单形式
func func5(){
let user = User()
user.name = "hejunm"
user.icon = "my.png"
if let dict = user.keyValues{
do{ //转化为JSON 字符串,打印出来更直观
let data = try NSJSONSerialization.dataWithJSONObject(dict, options: .PrettyPrinted)
print(NSString(data: data, encoding: NSUTF8StringEncoding))
}catch{}
}
}
输出:
Optional({
"icon" : "my.png",
"name" : "hejunm"
})
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6 模型-->字典: 模型中还有模型
func func6(){
let user = User()
user.name = "retweeted user hejunm"
user.icon = "my.png"
let retweetedStatus = Status(); //转发微博
retweetedStatus.text = "this is retweeted status";
retweetedStatus.user = user
let oriUser = User()
oriUser.name = "original user"
oriUser.icon = "my.png"
let oriStatus = Status(); //原微博
oriStatus.text = "this is original status"
oriStatus.user = oriUser
oriStatus.retweetedStatus = retweetedStatus
let dict = oriStatus.keyValues
do{ //转化为JSON 字符串
var data = try NSJSONSerialization.dataWithJSONObject(dict!, options: .PrettyPrinted)
print(NSString(data: data, encoding: NSUTF8StringEncoding))
}catch{
}
}
输出:
Optional({
"text" : "this is original status",
"user" : {
"icon" : "my.png",
"name" : "original user"
},
"retweetedStatus" : {
"text" : "this is retweeted status",
"user" : {
"icon" : "my.png",
"name" : "retweeted user hejunm"
}
}
})
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7,模型-->字典 : 模型数组转字典数组
func func7(){
let user1 = User()
user1.name = "hejunm_1"
user1.icon = "my.png_1"
let user2 = User()
user2.name = "hejunm_2"
user2.icon = "my.png_2"
let userArray = [user1,user2] as NSArray
if let dicts = userArray.keyValuesArray{
do{
let data = try NSJSONSerialization.dataWithJSONObject(dicts, options: .PrettyPrinted) //转成json字符串
print(NSString(data: data, encoding: NSUTF8StringEncoding))
}catch{
}
}
}
输出:
Optional([
{
"icon" : "my.png_1",
"name" : "hejunm_1"
},
{
"icon" : "my.png_2",
"name" : "hejunm_2"
}
])
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源码
字典-->模型
//
// HE_Dict2Model.swift
// HEExtention
//
// Created by 贺俊孟 on 16/4/27.
// Copyright © 2016年 贺俊孟. All rights reserved.
// 字典传模型
import Foundation
/** 当字典中存在数组, 并且数组中保存的值得类型是字典, 那么就需要指定数组中的字典对应的类类型。
这里以键值对的形式保存
eg 字典如下:
key: [[key1:value1, key2:value2],[key1:value3, key2:value4],[key1:value5, key2:value6]]
key: key值
value: 字典[key1:value1, key2:value2] 对应的模型
*/
@objc public protocol DictModelProtocol{
static func customClassMapping() -> [String: String]?
}
extension NSObject{
//dict: 要进行转换的字典
class func objectWithKeyValues(dict: NSDictionary)->AnyObject?{
if HEFoundation.isClassFromFoundation(self) {
print("只有自定义模型类才可以字典转模型")
assert(true)
return nil
}
let obj:AnyObject = self.init()
var cls:AnyClass = self.classForCoder() //当前类的类型
while("NSObject" != "\(cls)"){
var count:UInt32 = 0
let properties = class_copyPropertyList(cls, &count) //获取属性列表
for i in 0..<count{
let property = properties[Int(i)] //获取模型中的某一个属性
let propertyType = String.fromCString(property_getAttributes(property))! //属性类型
let propertyKey = String.fromCString(property_getName(property))! //属性名称
if propertyKey == "description"{ continue } //description是Foundation中的计算型属性,是实例的描述信息
var value:AnyObject! = dict[propertyKey] //取得字典中的值
if value == nil {continue}
let valueType = "\(value.classForCoder)" //字典中保存的值得类型
if valueType == "NSDictionary"{ //1,值是字典。 这个字典要对应一个自定义的模型类并且这个类不是Foundation中定义的类型。
let subModelStr:String! = HEFoundation.getType(propertyType)
if subModelStr == nil{
print("你定义的模型与字典不匹配。 字典中的键\(propertyKey) 对应一个自定义的 模型")
assert(true)
}
if let subModelClass = NSClassFromString(subModelStr){
value = subModelClass.objectWithKeyValues(value as! NSDictionary) //递归
}
}else if valueType == "NSArray"{ //值是数组。 数组中存放字典。 将字典转换成模型。 如果协议中没有定义映射关系,就不做处理
if self.respondsToSelector("customClassMapping") {
if var subModelClassName = cls.customClassMapping()?[propertyKey]{ //子模型的类名称
subModelClassName = HEFoundation.bundlePath+"."+subModelClassName
if let subModelClass = NSClassFromString(subModelClassName){
value = subModelClass.objectArrayWithKeyValuesArray(value as! NSArray);
}
}
}
}
obj.setValue(value, forKey: propertyKey)
}
free(properties) //释放内存
cls = cls.superclass()! //处理父类
}
return obj
}
/**
将字典数组转换成模型数组
array: 要转换的数组, 数组中包含的字典所对应的模型类就是 调用这个类方法的类
当数组中嵌套数组, 内部的数组包含字典,cls就是内部数组中的字典对应的模型
*/
class func objectArrayWithKeyValuesArray(array: NSArray)->NSArray?{
if array.count == 0{
return nil
}
var result = [AnyObject]()
for item in array{
let type = "\(item.classForCoder)"
if type == "NSDictionary"{
if let model = objectWithKeyValues(item as! NSDictionary){
result.append(model)
}
}else if type == "NSArray"{
if let model = objectArrayWithKeyValuesArray(item as! NSArray){
result.append(model)
}
}else{
result.append(item)
}
}
if result.count==0{
return nil
}else{
return result
}
}
}
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模型-->字典
//
// HE_Model2Dict.swift
// HEExtention
//
// Created by 贺俊孟 on 16/4/27.
// Copyright © 2016年 贺俊孟. All rights reserved.
// 模型传字典
import Foundation
extension NSObject{
var keyValues:[String:AnyObject]?{ //获取一个模型对应的字典
get{
var result = [String: AnyObject]() //保存结果
var classType:AnyClass = self.classForCoder
while("NSObject" != "\(classType)" ){
var count:UInt32 = 0
let properties = class_copyPropertyList(classType, &count)
for i in 0..<count{
let property = properties[Int(i)]
let propertyKey = String.fromCString(property_getName(property))! //模型中属性名称
let propertyType = String.fromCString(property_getAttributes(property))! //模型中属性类型
if "description" == propertyKey{ continue } //描述,不是属性
let tempValue:AnyObject! = self.valueForKey(propertyKey)
if tempValue == nil { continue }
if let _ = HEFoundation.getType(propertyType) { //1,自定义的类
result[propertyKey] = tempValue.keyValues
}else if (propertyType.containsString("NSArray")){ //2, 数组, 将数组中的模型转成字典
result[propertyKey] = tempValue.keyValuesArray //3, 基本数据
}else{
result[propertyKey] = tempValue
}
}
free(properties)
classType = classType.superclass()!
}
if result.count == 0{
return nil
}else{
return result
}
}
}
}
extension NSArray{ //数组的拓展
var keyValuesArray:[AnyObject]?{
get{
var result = [AnyObject]()
for item in self{
if !HEFoundation.isClassFromFoundation(item.classForCoder){ //1,自定义的类
let subKeyValues:[String:AnyObject]! = item.keyValues
if subKeyValues == nil {continue}
result.append(subKeyValues)
}else if item.classForCoder == NSArray.classForCoder(){ //2, 如果item 是数组
let subKeyValues:[AnyObject]! = item.keyValuesArray
if subKeyValues == nil {continue}
result.append(subKeyValues)
}else{ //3, 基本数据类型
result.append(item)
}
}
if result.count == 0{
return nil
}else{
return result
}
}
}
}
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辅助类
//
// HEFoundation.swift
// HEExtention
//
// Created by 贺俊孟 on 16/4/27.
// Copyright © 2016年 贺俊孟. All rights reserved.
import Foundation
class HEFoundation {
static let set = NSSet(array: [
NSURL.classForCoder(),
NSDate.classForCoder(),
NSValue.classForCoder(),
NSData.classForCoder(),
NSError.classForCoder(),
NSArray.classForCoder(),
NSDictionary.classForCoder(),
NSString.classForCoder(),
NSAttributedString.classForCoder()
])
static let bundlePath = NSBundle.mainBundle().infoDictionary!["CFBundleExecutable"] as! String
/*** 判断某个类是否是 Foundation中自带的类 */
class func isClassFromFoundation(c:AnyClass)->Bool {
var result = false
if c == NSObject.classForCoder(){
result = true
}else{
set.enumerateObjectsUsingBlock({ (foundation, stop) -> Void in
if c.isSubclassOfClass(foundation as! AnyClass) {
result = true
stop.initialize(true)
}
})
}
return result
}
/** 很据属性信息, 获得自定义类的 类名*/
/**
let propertyType = String.fromCString(property_getAttributes(property))! 获取属性类型
到这个属性的类型是自定义的类时, 会得到下面的格式: T+@+"+..+工程的名字+数字+类名+"+,+其他,
而我们想要的只是类名,所以要修改这个字符串
*/
class func getType(var code:String)->String?{
if !code.containsString(bundlePath){ //不是自定义类
return nil
}
code = code.componentsSeparatedByString("\"")[1]
if let range = code.rangeOfString(bundlePath){
code = code.substringFromIndex(range.endIndex)
var numStr = "" //类名前面的数字
for c:Character in code.characters{
if c <= "9" && c >= "0"{
numStr+=String(c)
}
}
if let numRange = code.rangeOfString(numStr){
code = code.substringFromIndex(numRange.endIndex)
}
return bundlePath+"."+code
}
return nil
}
}
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