nginx mysql安装包_mysql 5.7.23 详细安装教程(linux + nginx +PHP + mysql)

1、 查看 官网的 MySQL 5.7安装包下载

图片.png

需要下载的安装包包名:

mysql-5.7.23-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz

我是使用SSH shell 客户端登录服务器

图片.png

进入local:

cd /usr/local/

创建source文件夹,专门用作下载包路径.

mkdir source

创建mysql文件夹

mkdir /usr/local/mysql

mkdir /usr/local/mysql/data

切换到source目录,下载到目录:

解压到当前目录:

tar -xzvf mysql-5.7.23-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz

在当source目录下移动文件到/usr/local/mysql:

mv mysql-5.7.23-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64/* /usr/local/mysql

添加用户组, 创建mysql用户添加到mysql组:

groupadd mysql

useradd -g mysql mysql

设置mysql文件夹权限

chown -R mysql.mysql /usr/local/mysql/

mysql的服务脚本放到系统服务中(local路径下操作:[root@xx local]# ):

cp -a /usr/local/mysql/support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysqld

复制配置文件到 /etc/my.cnf

cp -a ./support-files/my-default.cnf /etc/my.cnf

(注意 : 5.7.23解压后没看到my-default.cnf, 可跳过该步骤,直接下一步)

修改my.cnf: 配置不对的话,后面初始化不全,会拿不到默认密码

vim /etc/my.cnf

修改内容:

basedir = /usr/local/mysql

datadir = /usr/local/mysql/data

port = 3306

socket = /tmp/mysql.sock

character-set-server = utf8

log-error=/var/log/mysqld.log

pid-file=/var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid

:wq! 保存退出.

my.cnf全文:

# For advice on how to change settings please see

# http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.7/en/server-configuration-defaults.html

# *** DO NOT EDIT THIS FILE. It's a template which will be copied to the

# *** default location during install, and will be replaced if you

# *** upgrade to a newer version of MySQL.

[mysqld]

# Remove leading # and set to the amount of RAM for the most important data

# cache in MySQL. Start at 70% of total RAM for dedicated server, else 10%.

# innodb_buffer_pool_size = 128M

# Remove leading # to turn on a very important data integrity option: logging

# changes to the binary log between backups.

# log_bin

# These are commonly set, remove the # and set as required.

# basedir = .....

# datadir = .....

# port = .....

# server_id = .....

# socket = .....

basedir = /usr/local/mysql

datadir = /usr/local/mysql/data

port = 3306

socket = /tmp/mysql.sock

character-set-server = utf8

#init_connect='SET NAMES utf8'

log-error=/var/log/mysqld.log

pid-file=/var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid

# Remove leading # to set options mainly useful for reporting servers.

# The server defaults are faster for transactions and fast SELECTs.

# Adjust sizes as needed, experiment to find the optimal values.

# join_buffer_size = 128M

# sort_buffer_size = 2M

# read_rnd_buffer_size = 2M

#lower_case_table_names = 1

#innodb_force_recovery= 1

#sql_mode=STRICT_TRANS_TABLES,NO_ZERO_IN_DATE,NO_ZERO_DATE,ERROR_FOR_DIVISION_BY_ZERO,NO_AUTO_CREATE_USER,NO_ENGINE_SUBSTITUTION

#max_connections=5000

#default-time_zone = '+8:00'

sql_mode=NO_ENGINE_SUBSTITUTION,STRICT_TRANS_TABLES

51,1 Bot 1,1 Top

确保上面配置文件都是存在的,且有修改权限.

进入/var/log/下查看是否有mysqld.log,如果没有的话:

vim /var/log/mysqld.log

:wq! 保存退出.

设置权限:

chown -R mysql /var/log/

chgrp -R mysql /var/log/

同样的mysqld.pid:

mkdir /var/run/mysqld

vim /var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid

设置权限:

chown -R mysql /var/run/mysqld/

chgrp -R mysql /var/run/mysqld/

chown -R mysql.mysql /usr/local/mysql/

chgrp -R mysql /usr/local/mysql/

查看mysql文件权限:

进入mysql

cd /usr/local/mysql/

查看:

ls -l

图片.png

安装和初始化数据库(重要)

首先要进入bin文件:

cd /usr/local/mysql/bin/

初始化:

./mysqld --initialize --user=mysql --basedir=/usr/local/mysql/--datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data/

A : 如果报错:

./mysqld: error while loading shared libraries: libaio.so.1: cannot open shared object file: No such file or directory

说明缺少环境: 执行下面命令安装

yum install libaio

B : 如果报错:

./mysqld: error while loading shared libraries: libnuma.so.1: cannot open shared object file: No such file or

directory

安装mysql出现了以上的报错信息.这是缺少numactl , 这个时候如果是Centos就执行:

yum -y install numactl

就可以解决这个问题了.

ubuntu的就执行:

sudo apt-get install numactl

就可以解决这个问题了

安装成功后再回去执行编译.

安全启动:

./mysqld_safe --user=mysql &

先进入cd support-files文件:

cd /usr/local/mysql/support-files/

把support-files/mysql.server 拷贝为/etc/init.d/mysql

cp mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysql

并设置运行权限

chmod +x /etc/init.d/mysql

把mysql注册为开机启动的服务

chkconfig --add mysql

查看是否添加成功

chkconfig --list mysql

Note: This output shows SysV services only and does not include native

systemd services. SysV configuration data might be overridden by native

systemd configuration.

If you want to list systemd services use 'systemctl list-unit-files'.

To see services enabled on particular target use

'systemctl list-dependencies [target]'.

mysql 0:off 1:off 2:on 3:on 4:on 5:on 6:off

启动:

service mysql start

成功:

图片.png

默认密码在mysqld.log日志里, 找到后保存到安全的地方:

cat /var/log/mysqld.log

图片.png

其中root@localhost: 后面的就是默认密码,后面登录用.(如果找不到可能默认是空,登录时密码直接回车,否则可能安装有问题)

进入bin文件:

cd /usr/local/mysql/bin/

登录mysql:

./mysql -u root -p

登录mysql:

上面登录必须要指定mysql路径,下面设置通用启动,做个链接即可:

ln -s /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql /usr/bin

然后启动方法可以用:

mysql -u root -p

回车后输入刚才的密码,回车:

图片.png

假设修改密码为abc123(注意结尾加冒号):

mysql> set password=password("abc123");

设置远程登录权限

mysql> grant all privileges on *.* to'root' @'%' identified by 'abc123';

Query OK, 0 rows affected, 1 warning (0.00 sec)

立即生效:

mysql> flush privileges;

Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.06 sec)

退出quit; 或者 exit;

mysql> quit;

创建快捷方式

ln -s /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql /usr/bin