java读取文件面试题_如何从Java中的类路径真正读取文本文件

在类路径上的目录中，从同一类加载器加载的类中，你应该能够使用以下任一种：

// From ClassLoader, all paths are "absolute" already - there's no context

// from which they could be relative. Therefore you don't need a leading slash.

InputStream in = this.getClass().getClassLoader()

.getResourceAsStream("SomeTextFile.txt");

// From Class, the path is relative to the package of the class unless

// you include a leading slash, so if you don't want to use the current

// package, include a slash like this:

InputStream in = this.getClass().getResourceAsStream("/SomeTextFile.txt");

如果这些都不起作用，则表明还有其他问题。

因此，例如，使用以下代码：

package dummy;

import java.io.*;

public class Test

{

public static void main(String[] args)

{

InputStream stream = Test.class.getResourceAsStream("/SomeTextFile.txt");

System.out.println(stream != null);

stream = Test.class.getClassLoader().getResourceAsStream("SomeTextFile.txt");

System.out.println(stream != null);

}

}

而这个目录结构：

code

dummy

Test.class

txt

SomeTextFile.txt

然后(使用Linux机器上的Unix路径分隔符)：

java -classpath code:txt dummy.Test

结果：

true

true