advice 和 拦截器_Spring的Aspect，Filter、Interceptor、ControllerAdvice区别

1、切面(Aspect)

是什么

切面，指切入目标方法，扩展目标方法功能，却不修改目标方法代码，将扩展功能代码从目标方法代码中分离出来。可以针对方法级拦截，并获得方法的参数和返回值，但获取不到http请求，多配合注解使用。

应用场景

• 权限校验

• 字段加密解密

怎么用

package com.dy.aspect;

import org.aspectj.lang.ProceedingJoinPoint;

import org.aspectj.lang.annotation.Around;

import org.aspectj.lang.annotation.Aspect;

import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;

import java.util.Date;

/**

* this is a acpect

* 切入点

* 在那些方法上起作用

* 在什么时候起作用

*

* @author duoyuan

* @create 2019-12-20 20:52

**/

@Aspect

@Component

public classTimeAspect {

@Around("execution(* com.duoyuan.controller.UserController.*(..))")

public Object handleControllerMethod(ProceedingJoinPoint proceedingJoinPoint) throwsThrowable {

System.out.println("time aspect start");

Object[] args =proceedingJoinPoint.getArgs();

for(Object arg : args) {

System.out.println(arg.getClass().getName());

System.out.println("arg is " +arg);

}

long startTime = newDate().getTime();

Object obj =proceedingJoinPoint.proceed();

System.out.println("time aspect 耗时" + (new Date().getTime() -startTime));

System.out.println("time aspect end");

returnobj;

}

}

2、过滤器(Filter)

是什么

过滤器就是一个实现了特殊接口的Java类，实现对请求资源的过滤的功能。和框架无关，在所有过滤组件的最外层，颗粒度比较大。

应用场景

• 验证token合法性、有效性

怎么用

springboot中一般有两种配置方式：

(1)直接实现java.servlet.Filter接口

packagecom.dy.webFilter;

importorg.springframework.stereotype.Component;

import javax.servlet.*;

importjava.io.IOException;

importjava.util.Date;

@Component

public class TimerFilter implementsFilter {

@Override

public void init(FilterConfig filterConfig) throwsServletException {

System.out.println("Time filter init");

}

@Override

public void doFilter(ServletRequest servletRequest, ServletResponse servletResponse, FilterChain filterChain) throwsIOException, ServletException {

System.out.println("Time filter start");

long startTime = newDate().getTime();

filterChain.doFilter(servletRequest, servletResponse);

System.out.println("time filter:"+(new Date().getTime()-startTime));

System.out.println("time filter finish");

}

@Override

public voiddestroy() {

System.out.println("Time filter destroy");

}

}

(2)在WebConfig中配置，这种配置方式是因为使用第三方的Filter没有@Component注解。

packagecom.dy.config;

importcom.nbkj.webFilter.TimerFilter;

importorg.springframework.boot.web.servlet.FilterRegistrationBean;

importorg.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;

importorg.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;

importjava.util.ArrayList;

importjava.util.List;

/**

* Web配置

*

* @author duoyuan

* @Configuration 这个注解声明这个类是配置类

* @create 2019-12-20 18:00

**/@Configuration

public classWebConfig {

@Bean

publicFilterRegistrationBean timeFilter() {

FilterRegistrationBean registrationBean = newFilterRegistrationBean();

TimerFilter timerFilter = newTimerFilter();

registrationBean.setFilter(timerFilter);

List urls = new ArrayList<>();

urls.add("/*");

registrationBean.setUrlPatterns(urls);

returnregistrationBean;

}

}

3、拦截器(Intereptor)

是什么

拦截器是在面向切面编程中应用的，就是在你的service或者一个方法前调用一个方法，或者在方法后调用一个方法。是基于JAVA的反射机制。拦截器不是在web.xml，比如struts在struts.xml中配置。可以获取被拦截的controller的方法，获取不到参数。

应用场景

• 执行安全检查

• 格式化请求头和主体

• 审查或者记录日志

• 根据请求内容授权或者限制用户访问

• 根据请求频率限制用户访问

怎么用

packagecom.dy.interceptor;

importorg.springframework.stereotype.Component;

importorg.springframework.web.method.HandlerMethod;

importorg.springframework.web.servlet.HandlerInterceptor;

importorg.springframework.web.servlet.ModelAndView;

importjavax.persistence.Convert;

importjavax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;

importjavax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;

importjava.util.Date;

/**

* this is spring interceptor

*

* @author duoyuan

* @create 2019-12-24 18:16

**/@Component

public class TimeInterceptor implementsHandlerInterceptor {

/**

* 控制器方法处理之前

*

* @param httpServletRequest

* @param httpServletResponse

* @param handler

* @return

* @throws Exception

*/@Override

public boolean preHandle(HttpServletRequest httpServletRequest, HttpServletResponse httpServletResponse, Object handler) throwsException {

System.out.println("preHandle");

System.out.println(((HandlerMethod) handler).getBean().getClass().getName());

System.out.println(((HandlerMethod) handler).getMethod().getName());

httpServletRequest.setAttribute("startTime", newDate().getTime());

return false;

}

/**

* 控制器方法处理之后

* 控制器方法调用不抛异常调用

*

* @param httpServletRequest

* @param httpServletResponse

* @param o

* @param modelAndView

* @throws Exception

*/@Override

public void postHandle(HttpServletRequest httpServletRequest, HttpServletResponse httpServletResponse, Object handler, ModelAndView modelAndView) throwsException {

System.out.println("postHandle");

Long startTime = (Long) httpServletRequest.getAttribute("startTime");

System.out.println("time interceptor 耗时" + (new Date().getTime() -startTime));

}

/**

* 控制器方法抛不抛异常都会被调用

*

* @param httpServletRequest

* @param httpServletResponse

* @param o

* @param e

* @throws Exception

*/@Override

public void afterCompletion(HttpServletRequest httpServletRequest, HttpServletResponse httpServletResponse, Object o, Exception e) throwsException {

System.out.println("afterCompletion");

Long startTime = (Long) httpServletRequest.getAttribute("startTime");

System.out.println("time interceptor 耗时" + (new Date().getTime() -startTime));

System.out.println("ex is" +e);

}

}

packagecom.dy.config;

importcom.nbkj.interceptor.TimeInterceptor;

importcom.nbkj.webFilter.TimerFilter;

importorg.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;

importorg.springframework.boot.web.servlet.FilterRegistrationBean;

importorg.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;

importorg.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;

importorg.springframework.web.servlet.config.annotation.InterceptorRegistry;

importorg.springframework.web.servlet.config.annotation.WebMvcConfigurerAdapter;

importjava.util.ArrayList;

importjava.util.List;

/**

* Web配置

*

* @author duoyuan

* @Configuration 这个注解声明这个类是配置类

* @create 2019-12-20 18:00

**/@Configuration

public class WebConfig extendsWebMvcConfigurerAdapter {

@Autowired

privateTimeInterceptor timeInterceptor;

@Override

public voidaddInterceptors(InterceptorRegistry registry) {

registry.addInterceptor(timeInterceptor);

}

}

4、ControllerAdvice

是什么

controller的一个增强，最常用的是和@ExceptionHandler一起用来做全局异常。

应用场景

• 配合@ExceptionHandler做全局异常处理

• 配合@InitBinder对特殊请求参数做转换

• 配合@ModelAttribute使用

怎么用

packagecom.dy.handler;

importcom.wusong.order.common.Resp;

importcom.wusong.order.common.ServiceException;

importlombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;

importorg.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ControllerAdvice;

importorg.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ExceptionHandler;

importorg.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ResponseBody;

/**

* @description: 全局异常处理

* @author:duoyuan

* @create: 2019-12-16 下午1:45

**/@ControllerAdvice

@Slf4j

public classGlobalExceptionHandler {

/**

* @description: 业务异常统一处理

* @param e

* @return:

* @author:

* @Date: 2019-12-16 下午12:26

*/@ExceptionHandler(value = ServiceException.class)

@ResponseBody

publicObject serviceExceptionHandle(ServiceException e) {

log.error("异常{}", e);

Object obj =Resp.error(e);

returnobj;

}

}