docker build run 卡住_还在使用第三方Docker插件？SpringBoot官方插件真香！

SpringBoot实战电商项目mall（40k+star）地址：github.com/macrozheng/…
摘要
为了方便为SpringBoot应用构建Docker镜像，我们经常会使用Maven插件来打包镜像。之前一直使用的是第三方插件，有spotify和fabric8出品的两种docker-maven-plugin。最近SpringBoot 2.4.0发布了，官方插件也增加了对Docker的支持，体验了一把发现也很好用，推荐给大家！
第三方插件使用
我们先了解下第三方插件的使用，方便和官方插件做对比，fabric8插件使用具体可以参考《还在手动部署SpringBoot应用？试试这个自动化插件！》。

• 值得注意的是，在我们使用插件时，需要自己定义镜像构建过程，比如在pom.xml中使用如下配置，<images>标签下的配置为镜像构建过程的配置；

<build> <plugins> <plugin> <groupId>io.fabric8</groupId> <artifactId>docker-maven-plugin</artifactId> <version>0.33.0</version> <configuration> <!-- Docker 远程管理地址--> <dockerHost>http://192.168.3.101:2375</dockerHost> <!-- Docker 推送镜像仓库地址--> <pushRegistry>http://192.168.3.101:5000</pushRegistry> <images> <image> <!--由于推送到私有镜像仓库，镜像名需要添加仓库地址--> <name>192.168.3.101:5000/mall-tiny/${project.name}:${project.version}</name> <!--定义镜像构建行为--> <build> <!--定义基础镜像--> <from>java:8</from> <args> <JAR_FILE>${project.build.finalName}.jar</JAR_FILE> </args> <!--定义哪些文件拷贝到容器中--> <assembly> <!--定义拷贝到容器的目录--> <targetDir>/</targetDir> <!--只拷贝生成的jar包--> <descriptorRef>artifact</descriptorRef> </assembly> <!--定义容器启动命令--> <entryPoint>["java", "-jar","/${project.build.finalName}.jar"]</entryPoint> <!--定义维护者--> <maintainer>macrozheng</maintainer> </build> </image> </images> </configuration> </plugin> </plugins> </build> 复制代码

• 或者先在Dockerfile文件中定义好镜像构建过程；

# 该镜像需要依赖的基础镜像 FROM java:8 # 将当前maven目录生成的文件复制到docker容器的/目录下 COPY maven / # 声明服务运行在8080端口 EXPOSE 8080 # 指定docker容器启动时运行jar包 ENTRYPOINT ["java", "-jar","/mall-tiny-fabric-0.0.1-SNAPSHOT.jar"] # 指定维护者的名字 MAINTAINER macrozheng 复制代码

• 然后在插件中引用Dockerfile文件，用于构建镜像；

<build> <dockerFileDir>${project.basedir}</dockerFileDir> </build> 复制代码

• 其实对于SpringBoot应用来说，如何从应用Jar包构建Docker镜像，做法基本是差不多的，为什么非要自己定义镜像的构建过程呢？

官方插件使用
SpringBoot官方插件解决了上面的问题，无需自己编写Docker镜像构建过程，直接自动构建，是不是很方便！接下来我们来体验下它的强大之处！

• 由于我们需要把镜像推送到镜像仓库，首先我们安装好私有镜像仓库Registry和可视化镜像管理工具docker-registry-ui，具体可以参考《还在手动部署SpringBoot应用？试试这个自动化插件！》；

[root@linux-local ~]# docker ps CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES 9ffec08467ac joxit/docker-registry-ui:static "/bin/sh -c entrypoi…" 2 hours ago Up 2 hours 0.0.0.0:8280->80/tcp registry-ui a809535ee2a2 registry:2 "/entrypoint.sh /etc…" 3 months ago Up 7 hours 0.0.0.0:5000->5000/tcp registry2 复制代码

• 然后我们需要把应用的版本升级到SpringBoot 2.4.0，之前的版本Docker支持没有这个完善；

<parent> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId> <version>2.4.0</version> <relativePath/> <!-- lookup parent from repository --> </parent> 复制代码

• 然后修改pom.xml文件，对官方Maven插件进行配置，主要是对Docker相关功能进行配置；

<plugin> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId> <configuration> <image> <!--配置镜像名称--> <name>192.168.3.101:5000/mall-tiny/${project.name}:${project.version}</name> <!--镜像打包完成后自动推送到镜像仓库--> <publish>true</publish> </image> <docker> <!--Docker远程管理地址--> <host>http://192.168.3.101:2375</host> <!--不使用TLS访问--> <tlsVerify>false</tlsVerify> <!--Docker推送镜像仓库配置--> <publishRegistry> <!--推送镜像仓库用户名--> <username>test</username> <!--推送镜像仓库密码--> <password>test</password> <!--推送镜像仓库地址--> <url>http://192.168.3.101:5000</url> </publishRegistry> </docker> </configuration> </plugin> 复制代码

• 如果你使用的是IDEA的话，直接双击SpringBoot插件的build-image命令即可一键打包并推送到镜像仓库；

• 也可以在命令行使用如下Maven命令来打包构建镜像；

mvn spring-boot:build-image 复制代码

• 镜像构建过程中会输出如下信息，由于很多依赖会从Github上下载，网络不好的情况下会下载失败，多试几次就好：

[INFO] > Pulling builder image 'http://docker.io/paketobuildpacks/builder:base' 100% [INFO] > Pulled builder image 'paketobuildpacks/builder@sha256:9d377230ba8ee74d8619178fd318b1b87a7da1a88bdb198afd14dd7de9e8ea6a' [INFO] > Pulling run image 'http://docker.io/paketobuildpacks/run:base-cnb' 100% [INFO] > Pulled run image 'paketobuildpacks/run@sha256:33d37fc9ba16e220f071805eaeed881a508ceee5c8909db5710aaed7e97e4fc2' [INFO] > Executing lifecycle version v0.9.3 [INFO] > Using build cache volume 'pack-cache-5641f846df6.build' [INFO] [INFO] > Running creator [INFO] [creator] ===> DETECTING [INFO] [creator] 5 of 18 buildpacks participating [INFO] [creator] paketo-buildpacks/ca-certificates 1.0.1 [INFO] [creator] paketo-buildpacks/bellsoft-liberica 5.2.1 [INFO] [creator] paketo-buildpacks/executable-jar 3.1.3 [INFO] [creator] paketo-buildpacks/dist-zip 2.2.2 [INFO] [creator] paketo-buildpacks/spring-boot 3.5.0 [INFO] [creator] ===> ANALYZING [INFO] [creator] Restoring metadata for "paketo-buildpacks/ca-certificates:helper" from app image [INFO] [creator] Restoring metadata for "paketo-buildpacks/bellsoft-liberica:helper" from app image [INFO] [creator] Restoring metadata for "paketo-buildpacks/bellsoft-liberica:java-security-properties" from app image [INFO] [creator] Restoring metadata for "paketo-buildpacks/bellsoft-liberica:jre" from app image [INFO] [creator] Restoring metadata for "paketo-buildpacks/bellsoft-liberica:jvmkill" from app image [INFO] [creator] Restoring metadata for "paketo-buildpacks/executable-jar:class-path" from app image [INFO] [creator] Restoring metadata for "paketo-buildpacks/spring-boot:helper" from app image [INFO] [creator] Restoring metadata for "paketo-buildpacks/spring-boot:spring-cloud-bindings" from app image [INFO] [creator] Restoring metadata for "paketo-buildpacks/spring-boot:web-application-type" from app image [INFO] [creator] ===> RESTORING [INFO] [creator] ===> BUILDING [INFO] [creator] [INFO] [creator] Paketo CA Certificates Buildpack 1.0.1 [INFO] [creator] https://github.com/paketo-buildpacks/ca-certificates [INFO] [creator] Launch Helper: Reusing cached layer [INFO] [creator] [INFO] [creator] Paketo BellSoft Liberica Buildpack 5.2.1 [INFO] [creator] https://github.com/paketo-buildpacks/bellsoft-liberica [INFO] [creator] Build Configuration: [INFO] [creator] $BP_JVM_VERSION 8.* the Java version [INFO] [creator] Launch Configuration: [INFO] [creator] $BPL_JVM_HEAD_ROOM 0 the headroom in memory calculation [INFO] [creator] $BPL_JVM_LOADED_CLASS_COUNT 35% of classes the number of loaded classes in memory calculation [INFO] [creator] $BPL_JVM_THREAD_COUNT 250 the number of threads in memory calculation [INFO] [creator] $JAVA_TOOL_OPTIONS the JVM launch flags [INFO] [creator] BellSoft Liberica JRE 8.0.275: Reusing cached layer [INFO] [creator] Launch Helper: Reusing cached layer [INFO] [creator] JVMKill Agent 1.16.0: Reusing cached layer [INFO] [creator] Java Security Properties: Reusing cached layer [INFO] [creator] [INFO] [creator] Paketo Executable JAR Buildpack 3.1.3 [INFO] [creator] https://github.com/paketo-buildpacks/executable-jar [INFO] [creator] Process types: [INFO] [creator] executable-jar: java org.springframework.boot.loader.JarLauncher [INFO] [creator] task: java org.springframework.boot.loader.JarLauncher [INFO] [creator] web: java org.springframework.boot.loader.JarLauncher [INFO] [creator] [INFO] [creator] Paketo Spring Boot Buildpack 3.5.0 [INFO] [creator] https://github.com/paketo-buildpacks/spring-boot [INFO] [creator] Creating slices from layers index [INFO] [creator] dependencies [INFO] [creator] spring-boot-loader [INFO] [creator] snapshot-dependencies [INFO] [creator] application [INFO] [creator] Launch Helper: Reusing cached layer [INFO] [creator] Web Application Type: Contributing to layer [INFO] [creator] Servlet web application detected [INFO] [creator] Writing env.launch/BPL_JVM_THREAD_COUNT.default [INFO] [creator] Spring Cloud Bindings 1.7.0: Reusing cached layer [INFO] [creator] 4 application slices [INFO] [creator] Image labels: [INFO] [creator] org.opencontainers.image.title [INFO] [creator] org.opencontainers.image.version [INFO] [creator] org.springframework.boot.spring-configuration-metadata.json [INFO] [creator] org.springframework.boot.version [INFO] [creator] ===> EXPORTING [INFO] [creator] Reusing layer 'paketo-buildpacks/ca-certificates:helper' [INFO] [creator] Reusing layer 'paketo-buildpacks/bellsoft-liberica:helper' [INFO] [creator] Reusing layer 'paketo-buildpacks/bellsoft-liberica:java-security-properties' [INFO] [creator] Reusing layer 'paketo-buildpacks/bellsoft-liberica:jre' [INFO] [creator] Reusing layer 'paketo-buildpacks/bellsoft-liberica:jvmkill' [INFO] [creator] Reusing layer 'paketo-buildpacks/executable-jar:class-path' [INFO] [creator] Reusing layer 'paketo-buildpacks/spring-boot:helper' [INFO] [creator] Reusing layer 'paketo-buildpacks/spring-boot:spring-cloud-bindings' [INFO] [creator] Reusing layer 'paketo-buildpacks/spring-boot:web-application-type' [INFO] [creator] Reusing 4/5 app layer(s) [INFO] [creator] Adding 1/5 app layer(s) [INFO] [creator] Reusing layer 'launcher' [INFO] [creator] Reusing layer 'config' [INFO] [creator] Reusing layer 'process-types' [INFO] [creator] Adding label 'io.buildpacks.lifecycle.metadata' [INFO] [creator] Adding label 'io.buildpacks.build.metadata' [INFO] [creator] Adding label 'io.buildpacks.project.metadata' [INFO] [creator] Adding label 'org.opencontainers.image.title' [INFO] [creator] Adding label 'org.opencontainers.image.version' [INFO] [creator] Adding label 'org.springframework.boot.spring-configuration-metadata.json' [INFO] [creator] Adding label 'org.springframework.boot.version' [INFO] [creator] Setting default process type 'web' [INFO] [creator] *** Images (d5e1771dac7b): [INFO] [creator] 192.168.3.101:5000/mall-tiny/mall-tiny-docker-plugin:0.0.1-SNAPSHOT [INFO] [INFO] Successfully built image '192.168.3.101:5000/mall-tiny/mall-tiny-docker-plugin:0.0.1-SNAPSHOT' [INFO] [INFO] > Pushed image '192.168.3.101:5000/mall-tiny/mall-tiny-docker-plugin:0.0.1-SNAPSHOT' [INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------ [INFO] BUILD SUCCESS [INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------ [INFO] Total time: 01:06 min [INFO] Finished at: 2020-11-27T15:07:46+08:00 [INFO] Final Memory: 37M/359M [INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------ 复制代码

• 镜像构建成功后，可以从镜像仓库查看到我们的镜像：

[root@linux-local ~]# docker images REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED SIZE paketobuildpacks/run base-cnb a717358311fc 9 days ago 87.2MB java 8 d23bdf5b1b1b 3 years ago 643MB 192.168.3.101:5000/mall-tiny/mall-tiny-docker-plugin 0.0.1-SNAPSHOT d5e1771dac7b 40 years ago 244MB pack.local/builder/fewqajyqsc latest f15fad05a5ba 40 years ago 558MB pack.local/builder/kirivtcqtu latest f15fad05a5ba 40 years ago 558MB paketobuildpacks/builder base 511452064e06 40 years ago 558MB 复制代码

• 我们可以从Docker Registry UI中查看镜像仓库中的镜像，访问地址：http://192.168.3.101:8280/

• 接着使用如下命令启动我们的SpringBoot应用：

docker run -p 8080:8080 --name mall-tiny-docker-plugin --link mysql:db -v /etc/localtime:/etc/localtime -v /mydata/app/mall-tiny-docker-plugin/logs:/var/logs -d 192.168.3.101:5000/mall-tiny/mall-tiny-docker-plugin:0.0.1-SNAPSHOT 复制代码

• 启动成功后，可以成功访问到SpringBoot应用的Swagger页面，访问地址：http://192.168.3.101:8080/swagger-ui.html

总结
SpringBoot官方Maven插件避免了编写Docker镜像构建过程，同时充分利用了SpringBoot 2.3以后的Jar分层技术，但对于需要自定义构建镜像的场景造成了一定的麻烦。
参考资料
官方文档：https://docs.spring.io/spring-boot/docs/2.4.0/maven-plugin/reference/htmlsingle/#build-image
项目源码地址
github.com/macrozheng/…
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作者：MacroZheng
链接：https://juejin.cn/post/6904054246207913998
来源：掘金
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