计算机bug起源于1947年哈佛大学的Mark II计算机中的一只被电击的蛾子。这个事件成为了历史上首次记录的计算机bug。软件缺陷，根据1983年的IEEE 729标准，是指导致软件系统或程序正常运行受阻的错误、故障或缺陷。PIE模型指出，错误只有在执行、感染和传播三个条件都满足时才会导致失败。关键词包括：计算机bug、软件缺陷、错误、故障、失败。
目录
What is a computer bug?
In 1947 Harvard University was operating a room-sized computer called the Mark II.A moth flew into the computer and was zapped by the high voltage when it landed on a relay.Hence,the first computer bug!
补充：计算机之父是冯诺依曼，计算机软件工程之母是格蕾丝·穆雷·赫柏，她是第一个发现bug的人
Software defect definition
software defect definition from IEEE 1983 of IEEE Standard 729:
Any problem,error,hidden functional defect or flaw in computer system or program that destroys the normal operation ability.Defects can cause software products to fail to meet the needs of users to some extent.
2.from inside of software product,software defect is the error,fault and other problems existing in the progress of software product development or maintenance.from outside of product,software is the failure or violation of some function that the system needs to realize.Therefore,software defects are the problems in software products,which ultimately show that the functions required by users are not fully realized and not meet the needs of users.
PIE model
观测到failure的3个基本条件
E(execution):执行到错误的代码
I(Infection):触发错误的中间状态
P(Propagation):错误传播到最终输出
有error不一定fault,有fault不一定failure
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