ruby分割字符串_ruby 字符串处理函数总结列表

1.返回字符串的长度

str.length => integer

2.判断字符串中是否包含另一个串

str.include? other_str => true or

false

"hello".include? "lo"

#=>

true

"hello".include? "ol"

#=>

false

"hello".include? ?h

#=>

true

3.字符串插入:

str.insert(index, other_str)=>

str

"abcd".insert(0, 'X')

#=> "Xabcd"

"abcd".insert(3, 'X')

#=> "abcXd"

"abcd".insert(4, 'X')

#=> "abcdX"

"abcd".insert(-3, 'X')

-3, 'X')

#=> "abXcd"

"abcd".insert(-1, 'X')

#=> "abcdX"

4.字符串分隔,默认分隔符为空格

str.split(pattern=$;, [limit]) =>

anArray

" now's the time".split

#=> ["now's", "the",

"time"]

"1, 2.34,56, 7".split(%r{,\s*})

#=> ["1", "2.34", "56",

"7"]

"hello".split(//)

#=> ["h", "e", "l", "l",

"o"]

"hello".split(//, 3)

#=> ["h", "e", "llo"]

"hi mom".split(%r{\s*})

#=> ["h", "i", "m", "o",

"m"]

"mellow yellow".split("ello")

#=> ["m", "w y", "w"]

"1,2,,3,4,,".split(',')

#=> ["1", "2", "", "3",

"4"]

"1,2,,3,4,,".split(',', 4)

#=> ["1", "2", "",

"3,4,,"]

5.字符串替换

str.gsub(pattern, replacement)=>

new_str

str.gsub(pattern) {|match| block }

=> new_str

"hello".gsub(/[aeiou]/, '*')

#=> "h*ll*" #将元音替换成*号

"hello".gsub(/([aeiou])/,

'')

#=> "hll" #将元音加上尖括号,\1表示保留原有字符???

"hello".gsub(/./) {|s| s[0].to_s + '

'}

#=> "104 101 108 108 111

"

字符串替换二:

str.replace(other_str)=>

str

s = "hello"

#=> "hello"

s.replace "world"

#=> "world" Ruby

6.字符串删除:

str.delete([other_str]+)

=> new_str

"hello".delete "l","lo"

#=> "heo"

"hello".delete "lo"

#=> "he"

"hello".delete "aeiou", "^e"

#=> "hell"

"hello".delete "ej-m"

#=> "ho"

7.去掉前和后的空格

str.lstrip => new_str

" hello ".lstrip

#=> "hello

"

"hello".lstrip

#=>

" hello "

"hello".lstrip.rstrip

#=> "hello"

8.字符串匹配

str.match(pattern)=> matchdata or

nil

9.字符串反转

str.reverse => new_str

"stressed".reverse

#=> "desserts"

10.去掉重复的字符

str.squeeze([other_str]*) =>

new_str

"yellow moon".squeeze

#=> "yelow mon" #默认去掉串中所有重复的字符

" now is the".squeeze(" ")

#=> " now is the"

#去掉串中重复的空格

"putters shoot balls".squeeze("m-z")

#=> "puters shot balls"

#去掉指定范围内的重复字符

11.转化成数字

str.to_i=>

str

"12345".to_i

#=> 12345

chomp和chop的区别:

chomp:去掉字符串末尾的\n或\r

chop:去掉字符串末尾的最后一个字符,不管是\n\r还是普通字符

"hello".chomp

#=> "hello"

"hello\n".chomp

#=> "hello"

"hello\r\n".chomp

#=> "hello"

"hello\n\r".chomp

#=> "hello\n"

"hello\r".chomp

#=> "hello"

"hello".chomp("llo")

#=> "he"

"string\r\n".chop

#=>

"string"

"string\n\r".chop

#=> "string\n"

"string\n".chop

#=> "string"

"string".chop

#=> "strin"

ruby 取子串：

aa = "happy"

aa[0,1]  为'h' ，取子串。