python与vba技术特点分析_VBA处理数据与Python Pandas处理数据案例比较分析

需求：

现有一个 csv文件，包含'CNUM'和'COMPANY'两列，数据里包含空行，且有内容重复的行数据。

要求：

1)去掉空行；

2)重复行数据只保留一行有效数据；

3)修改'COMPANY'列的名称为'Company_New‘；

4)并在其后增加六列，分别为'C_col',‘D_col',‘E_col',‘F_col',‘G_col',‘H_col'。

一，使用 python Pandas来处理： import pandas as pd

import numpy as np

from pandas import DataFrame,Series

def deal_with_data(filepath,newpath):

file_obj=open(filepath)

df=pd.read_csv(file_obj) # 读取csv文件，创建 DataFrame

df=df.reindex(columns=['CNUM','COMPANY','C_col','D_col','E_col','F_col','G_col','H_col'],fill_value=None) # 重新指定列索引

df.rename(columns={'COMPANY':'Company_New'}, inplace = True) # 修改列名

df=df.dropna(axis=0,how='all') # 去除 NAN 即文件中的空行

df['CNUM'] = df['CNUM'].astype('int32') # 将 CNUM 列的数据类型指定为 int32

df = df.drop_duplicates(subset=['CNUM', 'Company_New'], keep='first') # 去除重复行

df.to_csv(newpath,index=False,encoding='GBK')

file_obj.close()

if __name__=='__main__':

file_path=r'C:\Users\12078\Desktop\python\CNUM_COMPANY.csv'

file_save_path=r'C:\Users\12078\Desktop\python\CNUM_COMPANY_OUTPUT.csv'

deal_with_data(file_path,file_save_path)

二，使用 VBA来处理： Option Base 1

Option Explicit

Sub main()

On Error GoTo error_handling

Dim wb As Workbook

Dim wb_out As Workbook

Dim sht As Worksheet

Dim sht_out As Worksheet

Dim rng As Range

Dim usedrows As Byte

Dim usedrows_out As Byte

Dim dict_cnum_company As Object

Dim str_file_path As String

Dim str_new_file_path As String

'assign values to variables:

str_file_path = "C:\Users\12078\Desktop\Python\CNUM_COMPANY.csv"

str_new_file_path = "C:\Users\12078\Desktop\Python\CNUM_COMPANY_OUTPUT.csv"

Set wb = checkAndAttachWorkbook(str_file_path)

Set sht = wb.Worksheets("CNUM_COMPANY")

Set wb_out = Workbooks.Add

wb_out.SaveAs str_new_file_path, xlCSV 'create a csv file

Set sht_out = wb_out.Worksheets("CNUM_COMPANY_OUTPUT")

Set dict_cnum_company = CreateObject("Scripting.Dictionary")

usedrows = WorksheetFunction.Max(getLastValidRow(sht, "A"), getLastValidRow(sht, "B"))

'rename the header 'COMPANY' to 'Company_New',remove blank & duplicate lines/rows.

Dim cnum_company As String

cnum_company = ""

For Each rng In sht.Range("A1", "A" & usedrows)

If VBA.Trim(rng.Offset(0, 1).Value) = "COMPANY" Then

rng.Offset(0, 1).Value = "Company_New"

End If

cnum_company = rng.Value & "-" & rng.Offset(0, 1).Value

If VBA.Trim(cnum_company) <> "-" And Not dict_cnum_company.Exists(rng.Value & "-" & rng.Offset(0, 1).Value) Then

dict_cnum_company.Add rng.Value & "-" & rng.Offset(0, 1).Value, ""

End If

Next rng

'loop the keys of dict split the keyes by '-' into cnum array and company array.

Dim index_dict As Byte

Dim arr_cnum()

Dim arr_Company()

For index_dict = 0 To UBound(dict_cnum_company.keys)

ReDim Preserve arr_cnum(1 To UBound(dict_cnum_company.keys) + 1)

ReDim Preserve arr_Company(1 To UBound(dict_cnum_company.keys) + 1)

arr_cnum(index_dict + 1) = Split(dict_cnum_company.keys()(index_dict), "-")(0)

arr_Company(index_dict + 1) = Split(dict_cnum_company.keys()(index_dict), "-")(1)

Debug.Print index_dict

Next

'assigns the value of the arrays to the celles.

sht_out.Range("A1", "A" & UBound(arr_cnum)) = Application.WorksheetFunction.Transpose(arr_cnum)

sht_out.Range("B1", "B" & UBound(arr_Company)) = Application.WorksheetFunction.Transpose(arr_Company)

'add 6 columns to output csv file:

Dim arr_columns() As Variant

arr_columns = Array("C_col", "D_col", "E_col", "F_col", "G_col", "H_col") '

sht_out.Range("C1:H1") = arr_columns

Call checkAndCloseWorkbook(str_file_path, False)

Call checkAndCloseWorkbook(str_new_file_path, True)

Exit Sub

error_handling:

Call checkAndCloseWorkbook(str_file_path, False)

Call checkAndCloseWorkbook(str_new_file_path, False)

End Sub

' 辅助函数：

'Get last row of Column N in a Worksheet

Function getLastValidRow(in_ws As Worksheet, in_col As String)

getLastValidRow = in_ws.Cells(in_ws.Rows.count, in_col).End(xlUp).Row

End Function

Function checkAndAttachWorkbook(in_wb_path As String) As Workbook

Dim wb As Workbook

Dim mywb As String

mywb = in_wb_path

For Each wb In Workbooks

If LCase(wb.FullName) = LCase(mywb) Then

Set checkAndAttachWorkbook = wb

Exit Function

End If

Next

Set wb = Workbooks.Open(in_wb_path, UpdateLinks:=0)

Set checkAndAttachWorkbook = wb

End Function

Function checkAndCloseWorkbook(in_wb_path As String, in_saved As Boolean)

Dim wb As Workbook

Dim mywb As String

mywb = in_wb_path

For Each wb In Workbooks

If LCase(wb.FullName) = LCase(mywb) Then

wb.Close savechanges:=in_saved

Exit Function

End If

Next

End Function

三，输出结果：

两种方法输出结果相同：

四，比较总结：

Python pandas 内置了大量处理数据的方法，我们不需要重复造轮子，用起来很方便，代码简洁的多。

Excel VBA 处理这个需求，使用了 数组，字典等数据结构(实际需求中，数据量往往很大，所以一些地方没有直接使用遍历单元格的方法)，以及处理字符串，数组和字典的很多方法，对文件的操作也很复杂，一旦出错，调试起来比python也较困难，代码已经尽量优化，但还是远比 Python要多。

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