linux mrtg 命令,Linux mrtg configure how to

Linux mrtg configure how to

Step # 1 : Make sure snmp server installed

Please note that snmpd configuration does not require using mrtg with remote network devices such as Routers and switches. If you just want mrtg graphs for router or switch then please refer to step # 4 (as all these devices comes preconfigured with snmpd software).

Run rpm commands query option to find out snmp server installed or not:

# rpm -qa | grep snmp

If snmp installed then please refer step # 2; otherwise snmp server and utils were not present and your need to install them using following steps (login as a root user):

(a) Visit rpmfind.net to get snmp server and utilities rpms. If you are fedora user then use yum command as follows to install it:

# yum install net-snmp-utils net-snmp

(b) If you are RHEL subscriber then use up2date command as follows to install:

#up2date -v -i net-snmp-utils net-snmp

Step # 2 : Determine if snmp server is running or not

Run 'ps' command to see if snmp server is running or not:

# ps -aux | grep snmp

Output:

root   5512  0.0  2.3  5872 3012 pts/0    S    22:04   0:00 /usr/sbin/snmpd

Alternatively, you can try any of the following two commands as well:

# lsof -i :199

Output:

COMMAND  PID USER   FD   TYPE DEVICE SIZE NODE NAME

snmpd   5512 root    4u  IPv4  34432       TCP *:smux (LISTEN)

or try out netstat command:

# netstat -natv | grep ':199'

Output:

tcp        0      0 0.0.0.0:199             0.0.0.0:*               LISTEN

If you found service is running or listing on port 199 then please see step #3; otherwise start service using following command:

# service snmpd start

Make sure snmpd service starts automatically, when linux comes us (add snmpd service):

# chkconfig --add snmpd

Step # 3 : Make sure snmp server configured properly

Run snmpwalk utility to request for tree of information about network entity. In simple words query snmp server for your IP address (assigned to eth0, eth1, lo etc):

# snmpwalk -v 1 -c public localhost IP-MIB::ipAdEntIfIndex

ip.ipAddrTable.ipAddrEntry.ipAdEntIfIndex.127.0.0.1 = 1

ip.ipAddrTable.ipAddrEntry.ipAdEntIfIndex.192.168.0.3 = 2

If you can see your IP address then please proceed to step 4; else it is a time to configure snmp server as follows (by default RHEL and RH 8/9 are not configured for snmp server for security reason):

Configure SNMP

(1) Edit file /etc/snmp/snmpd.conf using text editor:

# vi /etc/snmp/snmpd.conf

Change/Modify line(s) as follows:

Find following Line:

com2sec notConfigUser  default       public

Replace with (make sure you replace 192.168.0.0/24 replace with your network IPs) following lines:

com2sec local     localhost           public

com2sec mynetwork 192.168.0.0/24      public

Scroll down bit and change:

Find Lines:

group   notConfigGroup v1           notConfigUser

group   notConfigGroup v2c           notConfigUser

Replace with:

group MyRWGroup v1         local

group MyRWGroup v2c        local

group MyRWGroup usm        local

group MyROGroup v1         mynetwork

group MyROGroup v2c        mynetwork

group MyROGroup usm        mynetwork

Again scroll down bit and locate following line:

Find line:

view    systemview     included      system

Replace with:

view all    included  .1                               80

Again scroll down bit and change:

Find line:

access  notConfigGroup ""      any       noauth    exact  systemview none none

Replace with:

access MyROGroup ""      any       noauth    exact  all    none   none

access MyRWGroup ""      any       noauth    exact  all    all    none

Scroll down bit and change:

Find lines:

syslocation Unknown (edit /etc/snmp/snmpd.conf)

syscontact Root  (configure /etc/snmp/snmp.local.conf)

Replace with (make sure you supply appropriate values):

syslocation Linux (RH3_UP2), Home Linux Router.

syscontact Vivek G Gite <>

For your convenient, here is my /etc/snmp/snmpd.conf file. Feel free to use this file. Make sure you make backup of your existing file if you use this file as it is.

Start your snmp server and test it:

(a) Make sure when linux comes up snmpd always starts:

# chkconfig snmpd on

(b) Make sure service start whenever Linux comes up (after reboot):

# service snmpd start

(c) Finally test your snmp server:

# snmpwalk -v 1 -c public localhost IP-MIB::ipAdEntIfIndex

Step # 4 : Install mrtg if not installed

Mrtg software may install during initial installation; you can verify if MRTG installed or not with following RPM command:

rpm -qa | grep mrtg

If mrtg already installed please see step # 5; else use rpmfind.net to find MRTG rpm or up2date command to install MRTG software:

# up2date -v -i mrtg

Fedora Linux user can use yum command as follows to install MRTG:

# yum install mrtg

Step # 5 : Commands to Configure mrtg

(a) Create document root to store mrtg graphs/html pages:

# mkdir -p /var/www/html/mymrtg/

(b) Run any one of the following cfgmaker command to create mrtg configuration file:

#cfgmaker --global 'WorkDir: /var/www/html/mymrtg' --output /etc/mrtg/mymrtg.cfg public@localhost

or (make sure your FQDN resolves, in following example i'm using rh9.test.com which is my router FQDN address)

# cfgmaker --global 'WorkDir: /var/www/html/mymrtg' --output /etc/mrtg/mymrtg1.cfg

(c) Create default index page for your MRTG configuration:

# indexmaker --output=/var/www/html/mymrtg/index.html /etc/mrtg/mymrtg.cfg

(d) Copy all tiny png files to your mrtg path:

# cp -av /var/www/html/mrtg/*.png /var/www/html/mymrtg/

Step # 6 First test run of mrtg

(a) Run mrtg command from command line with your configuration file:

# mrtg /etc/mrtg/mymrtg.cfg

Note: You may get few warning message for first time; ignore them.

(b) Fire your favorite web browser (like FireFox :D ) and type url

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