JAVA的JDK文档中,TreeMap类有四种构造方法,下面我们讲述最常见的两类:
第一种:
第一种构造方法,创建对象时如果没有传入比较器,那么就按元素的自然顺序排序;
这里,元素的"自然顺序"是什么?其实答案就是,比较对象要实现 Comparable 接口, 自然比较的规则就是对象在实现Comparable 接口中,重写CompareTo()函数时定义的规则;
我们第一个Student类,实现Comparable接口,并重写CompareTo方法
public class Student implements Comparable{//public class Student{
privateString name;private intage;publicStudent() {
}public Student(String name, intage) {this.name =name;this.age =age;
}publicString getName() {returnname;
}public voidsetName(String name) {this.name =name;
}public intgetAge() {returnage;
}public void setAge(intage) {this.age =age;
}
@OverridepublicString toString() {return "Student{" +
"name=‘" + name + ‘\‘‘ +
", age=" + age +
‘}‘;
}
@Overridepublic intcompareTo(Student s1) {int cmp =name.compareTo(s1.name);
cmp= cmp != 0 ? cmp : age -s1.age;returncmp;
}
}
在定义时如下使用:
Student s1 = new Student("Allen", 20);
Student s2= new Student("Beyonce", 20);
Student s3= new Student("Catalina", 20);
Student s4= new Student("Diana", 20);//无参的构造方法
TreeMap map = new TreeMap<>();
map.put("Allen", s1);
map.put("Beyonce", s2);
map.put("Catalina", s3);
map.put("Diana", s4);
第二种方法,就是在定义时传入比较器了,Student类不需要实现Comparable接口了
public classStudent{privateString name;private intage;publicStudent() {
}public Student(String name, intage) {this.name =name;this.age =age;
}publicString getName() {returnname;
}public voidsetName(String name) {this.name =name;
}public intgetAge() {returnage;
}public void setAge(intage) {this.age =age;
}
@OverridepublicString toString() {return "Student{" +
"name=‘" + name + ‘\‘‘ +
", age=" + age +
‘}‘;
}
}
但是在定义时,需要传入一个比较器,如下:
TreeMap map = new TreeMap<>(new Comparator() {
@Overridepublic intcompare(Student s1, Student s2) {int cmp =s1.getName().compareTo(s2.getName());
cmp= cmp != 0 ? cmp : s1.getAge() -s2.getAge();returncmp;
}
});
两种方法相比较,第二种灵活性更好;