java class 内部类_Java内部类（Inner Class）

简单的说，内部(inner)类指那些类定义代码被置于其它类定义中的类；而对于一般的、类定义代码不嵌套在其它类定义中的类，称为顶层(top-level)类。对于一个内部类，包含其定义代码的类称为它的外部(outer)类。

1 Static member class(静态成员类)

类声明中包含“static”关键字的内部类。如以下示例代码，

Inner1/Inner2/Inner3/Inner4就是Outer的四个静态成员类。静态成员类的使用方式与一般顶层类的使用方式基本相同。

public class Outer{

//just like static method, static member class has public/private/default access privilege levels

//access privilege level: public

public static class Inner1 {

public Inner1() {

//Static member inner class can access static method of outer class

staticMethod();

//Compile error: static member inner class can not access instance method of outer class

//instanceMethod();

}

}

//access privilege level: default

static class Inner2 {

}

//access privilege level: private

private static class Inner3 {

//define a nested inner class in another inner class

public static class Inner4 {

}

}

private static void staticMethod() {

//cannot define an inner class in a method

/*public static class Inner4() {

}*/

}

private void instanceMethod() {

//private static member class can be accessed only in its outer class definition scope

Inner3 inner3 = new Inner3();

//how to use nested inner class

Inner3.Inner4 inner4 = new Inner3.Inner4();

}

}

class Test {

Outer.Inner1 inner1 = new Outer.Inner1();

//Test and Outer are in the same package, so Inner2 can be accessed here

Outer.Inner2 inner2 = new Outer.Inner2();

//Compile error: Inner3 cannot be accessed here

//Outer.Inner3 inner3 = new Outer.Inner3();

}

1.1 静态成员类特性

静态成员类可访问外部类的任