android加载资源的方式,Android 页面加载和资源加载分析（-）

最新推荐文章于 2024-03-13 20:50:33 发布

Connie G

最新推荐文章于 2024-03-13 20:50:33 发布

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文章标签： android加载资源的方式

很多App 都支持换肤。比较著名的就是网易云，qq音乐。可以动态切换，马上更新。

换肤分2种一种就是日间黑暗模式。这种比较简单可以完全内置资源设定或者是Theme 主题来做就是资源包比较大。

宁外一种就是通过加载资源来替换。和热修复，热更新的原理是一样的。都是通过反射的方式拿到资源文件管理器，然后找到所有的加载资源进行一个替换达到欺骗系统的目的。

首先分析源码

找到ActivityTheard 这个是作为activity 启动的核心类找到 performLaunchActivity函数

我看的是api29的版本

/** Core implementation of activity launch. */

private Activity performLaunchActivity(ActivityClientRecord r, Intent customIntent) {

ActivityInfo aInfo = r.activityInfo;

if (r.packageInfo == null) {

r.packageInfo = getPackageInfo(aInfo.applicationInfo, r.compatInfo,

Context.CONTEXT_INCLUDE_CODE);

}

ComponentName component = r.intent.getComponent();

if (component == null) {

component = r.intent.resolveActivity(

mInitialApplication.getPackageManager());

r.intent.setComponent(component);

}

if (r.activityInfo.targetActivity != null) {

component = new ComponentName(r.activityInfo.packageName,

r.activityInfo.targetActivity);

}

ContextImpl appContext = createBaseContextForActivity(r);

Activity activity = null;

try {

java.lang.ClassLoader cl = appContext.getClassLoader();

activity = mInstrumentation.newActivity(

cl, component.getClassName(), r.intent);

StrictMode.incrementExpectedActivityCount(activity.getClass());

r.intent.setExtrasClassLoader(cl);

r.intent.prepareToEnterProcess();

if (r.state != null) {

r.state.setClassLoader(cl);

}

} catch (Exception e) {

if (!mInstrumentation.onException(activity, e)) {

throw new RuntimeException(

"Unable to instantiate activity " + component

+ ": " + e.toString(), e);

}

try {

Application app = r.packageInfo.makeApplication(false, mInstrumentation);

if (localLOGV) Slog.v(TAG, "Performing launch of " + r);

if (localLOGV) Slog.v(

TAG, r + ": app=" + app

+ ", appName=" + app.getPackageName()

+ ", pkg=" + r.packageInfo.getPackageName()

+ ", comp=" + r.intent.getComponent().toShortString()

+ ", dir=" + r.packageInfo.getAppDir());

if (activity != null) {

CharSequence title = r.activityInfo.loadLabel(appContext.getPackageManager());

Configuration config = new Configuration(mCompatConfiguration);

if (r.overrideConfig != null) {

config.updateFrom(r.overrideConfig);

}

if (DEBUG_CONFIGURATION) Slog.v(TAG, "Launching activity "

+ r.activityInfo.name + " with config " + config);

Window window = null;

if (r.mPendingRemoveWindow != null && r.mPreserveWindow) {

window = r.mPendingRemoveWindow;

r.mPendingRemoveWindow = null;

r.mPendingRemoveWindowManager = null;

}

appContext.setOuterContext(activity);

activity.attach(appContext, this, getInstrumentation(), r.token,

r.ident, app, r.intent, r.activityInfo, title, r.parent,

r.embeddedID, r.lastNonConfigurationInstances, config,

r.referrer, r.voiceInteractor, window, r.configCallback,

r.assistToken);

if (customIntent != null) {

activity.mIntent = customIntent;

}

r.lastNonConfigurationInstances = null;

checkAndBlockForNetworkAccess();

activity.mStartedActivity = false;

int theme = r.activityInfo.getThemeResource();

if (theme != 0) {

activity.setTheme(theme);

}

activity.mCalled = false;

if (r.isPersistable()) {

mInstrumentation.callActivityOnCreate(activity, r.state, r.persistentState);

} else {

mInstrumentation.callActivityOnCreate(activity, r.state);

}

if (!activity.mCalled) {

throw new SuperNotCalledException(

"Activity " + r.intent.getComponent().toShortString() +

" did not call through to super.onCreate()");

}

r.activity = activity;

}

r.setState(ON_CREATE);

// updatePendingActivityConfiguration() reads from mActivities to update

// ActivityClientRecord which runs in a different thread. Protect modifications to

// mActivities to avoid race.

synchronized (mResourcesManager) {

mActivities.put(r.token, r);

}

} catch (SuperNotCalledException e) {

throw e;

} catch (Exception e) {

if (!mInstrumentation.onException(activity, e)) {

throw new RuntimeException(

"Unable to start activity " + component

+ ": " + e.toString(), e);

}

return activity;

}

然后注意 Window window = null;

我们看看window 在哪里赋值的 handleDestroyActivity函数

r.mPendingRemoveWindow = r.window;

在看看 r.window;

r.window = r.activity.getWindow();

其实是获取的activity里面的一个成员变量所以在我们开始的地方

if (r.mPendingRemoveWindow != null && r.mPreserveWindow) {

window = r.mPendingRemoveWindow;

r.mPendingRemoveWindow = null;

r.mPendingRemoveWindowManager = null;

}

这个时候window 都是为空的在看下面一句

appContext.setOuterContext(activity);

activity.attach(appContext, this, getInstrumentation(), r.token,

r.ident, app, r.intent, r.activityInfo, title, r.parent,

r.embeddedID, r.lastNonConfigurationInstances, config,

r.referrer, r.voiceInteractor, window, r.configCallback,

r.assistToken);

点进去看看执行的 activity.attach()函数

@UnsupportedAppUsage

final void attach(Context context, ActivityThread aThread,

Instrumentation instr, IBinder token, int ident,

Application application, Intent intent, ActivityInfo info,

CharSequence title, Activity parent, String id,

NonConfigurationInstances lastNonConfigurationInstances,

Configuration config, String referrer, IVoiceInteractor voiceInteractor,

Window window, ActivityConfigCallback activityConfigCallback, IBinder assistToken) {

attachBaseContext(context);

mFragments.attachHost(null /*parent*/);

mWindow = new PhoneWindow(this, window, activityConfigCallback);

mWindow.setWindowControllerCallback(this);

mWindow.setCallback(this);

mWindow.setOnWindowDismissedCallback(this);

mWindow.getLayoutInflater().setPrivateFactory(this);

if (info.softInputMode != WindowManager.LayoutParams.SOFT_INPUT_STATE_UNSPECIFIED) {

mWindow.setSoftInputMode(info.softInputMode);

}

if (info.uiOptions != 0) {

mWindow.setUiOptions(info.uiOptions);

}

mUiThread = Thread.currentThread();

mMainThread = aThread;

mInstrumentation = instr;

mToken = token;

mAssistToken = assistToken;

mIdent = ident;

mApplication = application;

mIntent = intent;

mReferrer = referrer;

mComponent = intent.getComponent();

mActivityInfo = info;

mTitle = title;

mParent = parent;

mEmbeddedID = id;

mLastNonConfigurationInstances = lastNonConfigurationInstances;

if (voiceInteractor != null) {

if (lastNonConfigurationInstances != null) {

mVoiceInteractor = lastNonConfigurationInstances.voiceInteractor;

} else {

mVoiceInteractor = new VoiceInteractor(voiceInteractor, this, this,

Looper.myLooper());

}

mWindow.setWindowManager(

(WindowManager)context.getSystemService(Context.WINDOW_SERVICE),

mToken, mComponent.flattenToString(),

(info.flags & ActivityInfo.FLAG_HARDWARE_ACCELERATED) != 0);

if (mParent != null) {

mWindow.setContainer(mParent.getWindow());

}

mWindowManager = mWindow.getWindowManager();

mCurrentConfig = config;

mWindow.setColorMode(info.colorMode);

setAutofillOptions(application.getAutofillOptions());

setContentCaptureOptions(application.getContentCaptureOptions());

}

我们可以看到

mWindow = new PhoneWindow(this, window, activityConfigCallback);

点进去看看 PhoneWindow的实现看setContentView函数

我们平时在activity 都会调用这个函数。

public void setContentView(int layoutResID) {

// Note: FEATURE_CONTENT_TRANSITIONS may be set in the process of installing the window

// decor, when theme attributes and the like are crystalized. Do not check the feature

// before this happens.

if (mContentParent == null) {

installDecor();

} else if (!hasFeature(FEATURE_CONTENT_TRANSITIONS)) {

mContentParent.removeAllViews();

}

if (hasFeature(FEATURE_CONTENT_TRANSITIONS)) {

final Scene newScene = Scene.getSceneForLayout(mContentParent, layoutResID,

getContext());

transitionTo(newScene);

} else {

mLayoutInflater.inflate(layoutResID, mContentParent);

}

mContentParent.requestApplyInsets();

final Callback cb = getCallback();

if (cb != null && !isDestroyed()) {

cb.onContentChanged();

}

mContentParentExplicitlySet = true;

}

注意这个地方干了2个事情

1 初始化 mContentParent installDecor();

这个地方在点进去看到 mContentParent = generateLayout(mDecor); 这个代码

然后点进去看看 generateLayout 函数会发觉做了一些加载资源的操作

改函数方法太长我就不截图了说重点这个类前面就是做了一些判断根据是否有做一些系统配置的加载 layoutResource = R.layout.screen_simple; 这句话就是说我们在比如新建一个activiyty android studio 会有很多模版给我们选择这个就是那个最简单的空白模版就是这个会着模块的xml 文件

然后接下来就做 mDecor.onResourcesLoaded(mLayoutInflater, layoutResource);

点击去看

void onResourcesLoaded(LayoutInflater inflater, int layoutResource) {

if (mBackdropFrameRenderer != null) {

loadBackgroundDrawablesIfNeeded();

mBackdropFrameRenderer.onResourcesLoaded(

this, mResizingBackgroundDrawable, mCaptionBackgroundDrawable,

mUserCaptionBackgroundDrawable, getCurrentColor(mStatusColorViewState),

getCurrentColor(mNavigationColorViewState));

}

mDecorCaptionView = createDecorCaptionView(inflater);

final View root = inflater.inflate(layoutResource, null);

if (mDecorCaptionView != null) {

if (mDecorCaptionView.getParent() == null) {

addView(mDecorCaptionView,

new ViewGroup.LayoutParams(MATCH_PARENT, MATCH_PARENT));

}

mDecorCaptionView.addView(root,

new ViewGroup.MarginLayoutParams(MATCH_PARENT, MATCH_PARENT));

} else {

// Put it below the color views.

addView(root, 0, new ViewGroup.LayoutParams(MATCH_PARENT, MATCH_PARENT));

}

mContentRoot = (ViewGroup) root;

initializeElevation();

}

这个里面注意看

final View root = inflater.inflate(layoutResource, null);

一直点下去会执行到 LayoutInflater.java 的tryInflatePrecompiled 函数

private @Nullable

View tryInflatePrecompiled(@LayoutRes int resource, Resources res, @Nullable ViewGroup root,

boolean attachToRoot) {

if (!mUseCompiledView) {

return null;

}

Trace.traceBegin(Trace.TRACE_TAG_VIEW, "inflate (precompiled)");

// Try to inflate using a precompiled layout.

String pkg = res.getResourcePackageName(resource);

String layout = res.getResourceEntryName(resource);

try {

Class clazz = Class.forName("" + pkg + ".CompiledView", false, mPrecompiledClassLoader);

Method inflater = clazz.getMethod(layout, Context.class, int.class);

View view = (View) inflater.invoke(null, mContext, resource);

if (view != null && root != null) {

// We were able to use the precompiled inflater, but now we need to do some work to

// attach the view to the root correctly.

XmlResourceParser parser = res.getLayout(resource);

try {

AttributeSet attrs = Xml.asAttributeSet(parser);

advanceToRootNode(parser);

ViewGroup.LayoutParams params = root.generateLayoutParams(attrs);

if (attachToRoot) {

root.addView(view, params);

} else {

view.setLayoutParams(params);

}

} finally {

parser.close();

}

return view;

} catch (Throwable e) {

if (DEBUG) {

Log.e(TAG, "Failed to use precompiled view", e);

}

} finally {

Trace.traceEnd(Trace.TRACE_TAG_VIEW);

}

return null;

}

有个参数 boolean attachToRoot 要注意这个参数为true 的时候父布局的参数就不会传递进去就是说如果true 的时候我们去加载xml 的时候标签里面写的宽高等等一些属性将不会写进来需要我们自己在Java层代码手动去设置进去这个在我们做自定义view的时候需要

2 mLayoutInflater.inflate(layoutResID, mContentParent);

跟着 inflate 一直点下去会发觉执行到

public View inflate(XmlPullParser parser, @Nullable ViewGroup root, boolean attachToRoot) {

synchronized (mConstructorArgs) {

Trace.traceBegin(Trace.TRACE_TAG_VIEW, "inflate");

final Context inflaterContext = mContext;

final AttributeSet attrs = Xml.asAttributeSet(parser);

Context lastContext = (Context) mConstructorArgs[0];

mConstructorArgs[0] = inflaterContext;

View result = root;

try {

advanceToRootNode(parser);

final String name = parser.getName();

if (DEBUG) {

System.out.println("**************************");

System.out.println("Creating root view: "

+ name);

System.out.println("**************************");

}

if (TAG_MERGE.equals(name)) {

if (root == null || !attachToRoot) {

throw new InflateException(" can be used only with a valid "

+ "ViewGroup root and attachToRoot=true");

}

rInflate(parser, root, inflaterContext, attrs, false);

} else {

// Temp is the root view that was found in the xml

final View temp = createViewFromTag(root, name, inflaterContext, attrs);

ViewGroup.LayoutParams params = null;

if (root != null) {

if (DEBUG) {

System.out.println("Creating params from root: " +

root);

}

// Create layout params that match root, if supplied

params = root.generateLayoutParams(attrs);

if (!attachToRoot) {

// Set the layout params for temp if we are not

// attaching. (If we are, we use addView, below)

temp.setLayoutParams(params);

}

if (DEBUG) {

System.out.println("-----> start inflating children");

}

// Inflate all children under temp against its context.

rInflateChildren(parser, temp, attrs, true);

if (DEBUG) {

System.out.println("-----> done inflating children");

}

// We are supposed to attach all the views we found (int temp)

// to root. Do that now.

if (root != null && attachToRoot) {

root.addView(temp, params);

}

// Decide whether to return the root that was passed in or the

// top view found in xml.

if (root == null || !attachToRoot) {

result = temp;

}

} catch (XmlPullParserException e) {

final InflateException ie = new InflateException(e.getMessage(), e);

ie.setStackTrace(EMPTY_STACK_TRACE);

throw ie;

} catch (Exception e) {

final InflateException ie = new InflateException(

getParserStateDescription(inflaterContext, attrs)

+ ": " + e.getMessage(), e);

ie.setStackTrace(EMPTY_STACK_TRACE);

throw ie;

} finally {

// Don't retain static reference on context.

mConstructorArgs[0] = lastContext;

mConstructorArgs[1] = null;

Trace.traceEnd(Trace.TRACE_TAG_VIEW);

}

return result;

}

注意其中的

final View temp = createViewFromTag(root, name, inflaterContext, attrs);

我们跟着点进去在 createViewFromTag函数中看到 tryCreateView函数调用

View createViewFromTag(View parent, String name, Context context, AttributeSet attrs,

boolean ignoreThemeAttr) {

if (name.equals("view")) {

name = attrs.getAttributeValue(null, "class");

}

// Apply a theme wrapper, if allowed and one is specified.

if (!ignoreThemeAttr) {

final TypedArray ta = context.obtainStyledAttributes(attrs, ATTRS_THEME);

final int themeResId = ta.getResourceId(0, 0);

if (themeResId != 0) {

context = new ContextThemeWrapper(context, themeResId);

}

ta.recycle();

}

try {

View view = tryCreateView(parent, name, context, attrs);

if (view == null) {

final Object lastContext = mConstructorArgs[0];

mConstructorArgs[0] = context;

try {

if (-1 == name.indexOf('.')) {

view = onCreateView(context, parent, name, attrs);

} else {

view = createView(context, name, null, attrs);

}

} finally {

mConstructorArgs[0] = lastContext;

}

return view;

} catch (InflateException e) {

throw e;

} catch (ClassNotFoundException e) {

final InflateException ie = new InflateException(

getParserStateDescription(context, attrs)

+ ": Error inflating class " + name, e);

ie.setStackTrace(EMPTY_STACK_TRACE);

throw ie;

} catch (Exception e) {

final InflateException ie = new InflateException(

getParserStateDescription(context, attrs)

+ ": Error inflating class " + name, e);

ie.setStackTrace(EMPTY_STACK_TRACE);

throw ie;

}

View view = tryCreateView(parent, name, context, attrs);

这个地方就看到工程方法调用creatView 函数 creatView 就是我们要的核心部分了

public final View tryCreateView(@Nullable View parent, @NonNull String name,

@NonNull Context context,

@NonNull AttributeSet attrs) {

if (name.equals(TAG_1995)) {

// Let's party like it's 1995!

return new BlinkLayout(context, attrs);

}

View view;

if (mFactory2 != null) {

view = mFactory2.onCreateView(parent, name, context, attrs);

} else if (mFactory != null) {

view = mFactory.onCreateView(name, context, attrs);

} else {

view = null;

}

if (view == null && mPrivateFactory != null) {

view = mPrivateFactory.onCreateView(parent, name, context, attrs);

}

return view;

}

public final View createView(@NonNull Context viewContext, @NonNull String name,

@Nullable String prefix, @Nullable AttributeSet attrs)

throws ClassNotFoundException, InflateException {

Objects.requireNonNull(viewContext);

Objects.requireNonNull(name);

Constructor extends View> constructor = sConstructorMap.get(name);

if (constructor != null && !verifyClassLoader(constructor)) {

constructor = null;

sConstructorMap.remove(name);

}

Class extends View> clazz = null;

try {

Trace.traceBegin(Trace.TRACE_TAG_VIEW, name);

if (constructor == null) {

// Class not found in the cache, see if it's real, and try to add it

clazz = Class.forName(prefix != null ? (prefix + name) : name, false,

mContext.getClassLoader()).asSubclass(View.class);

if (mFilter != null && clazz != null) {

boolean allowed = mFilter.onLoadClass(clazz);

if (!allowed) {

failNotAllowed(name, prefix, viewContext, attrs);

}

constructor = clazz.getConstructor(mConstructorSignature);

constructor.setAccessible(true);

sConstructorMap.put(name, constructor);

} else {

// If we have a filter, apply it to cached constructor

if (mFilter != null) {

// Have we seen this name before?

Boolean allowedState = mFilterMap.get(name);

if (allowedState == null) {

// New class -- remember whether it is allowed

clazz = Class.forName(prefix != null ? (prefix + name) : name, false,

mContext.getClassLoader()).asSubclass(View.class);

boolean allowed = clazz != null && mFilter.onLoadClass(clazz);

mFilterMap.put(name, allowed);

if (!allowed) {

failNotAllowed(name, prefix, viewContext, attrs);

}

} else if (allowedState.equals(Boolean.FALSE)) {

failNotAllowed(name, prefix, viewContext, attrs);

}

Object lastContext = mConstructorArgs[0];

mConstructorArgs[0] = viewContext;

Object[] args = mConstructorArgs;

args[1] = attrs;

try {

final View view = constructor.newInstance(args);

if (view instanceof ViewStub) {

// Use the same context when inflating ViewStub later.

final ViewStub viewStub = (ViewStub) view;

viewStub.setLayoutInflater(cloneInContext((Context) args[0]));

}

return view;

} finally {

mConstructorArgs[0] = lastContext;

}

} catch (NoSuchMethodException e) {

final InflateException ie = new InflateException(

getParserStateDescription(viewContext, attrs)

+ ": Error inflating class " + (prefix != null ? (prefix + name) : name), e);

ie.setStackTrace(EMPTY_STACK_TRACE);

throw ie;

} catch (ClassCastException e) {

// If loaded class is not a View subclass

final InflateException ie = new InflateException(

getParserStateDescription(viewContext, attrs)

+ ": Class is not a View " + (prefix != null ? (prefix + name) : name), e);

ie.setStackTrace(EMPTY_STACK_TRACE);

throw ie;

} catch (ClassNotFoundException e) {

// If loadClass fails, we should propagate the exception.

throw e;

} catch (Exception e) {

final InflateException ie = new InflateException(

getParserStateDescription(viewContext, attrs) + ": Error inflating class "

+ (clazz == null ? "" : clazz.getName()), e);

ie.setStackTrace(EMPTY_STACK_TRACE);

throw ie;

} finally {

Trace.traceEnd(Trace.TRACE_TAG_VIEW);

}

首先是通过的我们的view 名称通过反射去拿到拿到之后会加入到

mConstructorSignature这个集合中

static final Class>[] mConstructorSignature = new Class[] {

Context.class, AttributeSet.class};

注意这个集合初始化的时候必须要传递2个参数一个Context AttributeSet

所以看出来我们所有的自定义的view 初始化的时候都是调用的包括这2个函数的构造函数那个方法所以在写自定义控件的时候 2个这个参数的构造方法是绝对不能删掉的

这个地方我们可以利用反射做操作

1 反射 mFactory.onCreateView 函数的工厂方法我们可以做资源的加载切换资源的热更新

2 反射 createViewFromTag 函数里面这一部分代码也是一样的

但是我觉得用工厂的方法会入侵比较小一点可以做成框架共给其他app使用

目前市面上这2种都有人使用。

if (view == null) {

final Object lastContext = mConstructorArgs[0];

mConstructorArgs[0] = context;

try {

if (-1 == name.indexOf('.')) {

view = onCreateView(context, parent, name, attrs);

} else {

view = createView(context, name, null, attrs);

}

} finally {

mConstructorArgs[0] = lastContext;

}

Connie G

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android加载资源的方式,Android 页面加载和资源加载分析（-）

很多App 都支持换肤。比较著名的就是网易云，qq音乐。可以动态切换，马上更新。换肤分2种一种就是日间黑暗模式。这种比较简单可以完全内置资源设定或者是Theme 主题来做就是资源包比较大。宁外一种就是通过加载资源来替换。和热修复，热更新的原理是一样的。都是通过反射的方式拿到资源文件管理器，然后找到所有的加载资源进行一个替换达到欺骗系统的目的。首先分析源码找到ActivityT...
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