matlab气温与NDVI相关性分析,中国植被NDVI与气候因子的年际变化及相关性研究

摘要

根据1982-2006年全国GIMMS NDVI资料，以及全国583个气象站点的气温和降水量数据，以像元为计算单元，分别以植被分区和气象站点为对象分析了植被NDVI、≥10 ℃积温和降水量的年际变化及相关关系。结果表明：(1)全国及各分区≥10 ℃积温均呈显著的增加趋势，降水量和植被NDVI整体上呈减小趋势，植被覆盖面积略有增加，且≥10 ℃积温增速越大则降水量减速越小。(2)全国植被NDVI与≥10 ℃积温和降水量分别呈微弱的负相关和正相关。由于地形地貌、地理位置以及人类活动作用的差异性，不同植被分区相关性有所差异。(3)秦岭-淮河以北地区，降水量是影响植被生在的限制性气候因子。而秦岭-淮河以南地区，植被NDVI与≥10 ℃积温和降水量的分布无显著性规律。

Global climate change had led to significant changes on the temporal-spatial distribution of land ecosystem in recent decades,and vegetation on the land was the comprehensive indicator for ecosystem to respond to the climate changes,so it is necessary to study the relation between the vegetation and the climate changes. NDVI (Normalized Difference Vegetation Index) was an important index to study the vegetation changes,and many works had been done on the relation between [NDVI] and mean temperature and precipitation. However,rare works had focused on the effective accumulated temperature which cans effectively represent the thermal condition than the mean temperature during the growth of vegetation. The effective accumulated temperature above 10 ℃(ATAT) is an important index to measure the thermal resource of regions. What’s more,the [NDVI] was very different in the region with different vegetation types. In this paper,China was divided into 8 research divisions according to the vegetation regionalization firstly. The national [NDVI] material came from university of Maryland GLCF (Global Land Cover Facility) group’s produce with the resolution of 8 km×8 km,and national annual ATAT and precipitation on the country had been obtained from the daily mean temperature and precipitation of 583 weather stations by the kriging interpolation method,which came from the China meteorological data sharing service system,and both of the time series were from 1982 to 2006. Then the linear regression analysis was used to analyze the inter-annual trend of NDVI,ATAT and precipitation on every division. At last,the correlation analysis was applied to study the relation between NDVI and ATAT and precipitation on the scales of vegetation regionalization and weather station. The results showed as follows：(1) the ATAT had a significant increasing trend overall country,and the northwest and southeast of China had a higher increasing trend. But the precipitation and NDVI had a decreasing trend in China. And the bi