Socket通常也称做”套接字“,用于描述IP地址和端口,废话不多说,它就是网络通信过程中端点的抽象表示。值得一提的是,Java在包java.net中提供了两个类Socket和ServerSocket,分别用来表示双向连接的客户端和服务端。这是两个封装得非常好的类,使用起来很方便!
下面将首先创建一个SocketServer的类作为服务端如下,该服务端实现了多线程机制,可以在特定端口处监听多个客户请求,一旦有客户请求,Server总是会创建一个服务纯种来服务新来的客户,而自己继续监听。程序中accept()是一个阻塞函数,所谓阻塞性方法就是说该方法被调用后将等待客户的请求,直到有一个客户启动并请求连接到相同的端口,然后accept()返回一个对应于客户的Socket。这时,客户方和服务方都建立了用于通信的Socket,接下来就是由各个Socket分别打开各自的输入、输出流。
SocketServer类,服务器实现:
packageHA.Socket;import java.io.*;import java.net.*;public classSocketServer {
ServerSocket sever;public SocketServer(intport){try{
sever= newServerSocket(port);
}catch(IOException e){
e.printStackTrace();
}
}public voidbeginListen(){while(true){try{final Socket socket =sever.accept();new Thread(newRunnable(){public voidrun(){
BufferedReader in;try{
in= new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(socket.getInputStream(),"UTF-8"));
PrintWriter out= newPrintWriter(socket.getOutputStream());while (!socket.isClosed()){
String str;
str=in.readLine();
out.println("Hello!world!! " +str);
out.flush();if (str == null || str.equals("end"))break;
System.out.println(str);
}
socket.close();
}catch(IOException e){
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}).start();
}catch(IOException e){
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
}
SocketClient类,客户端实现:
packageHA.Socket;import java.io.*;import java.net.*;public classSocketClient {staticSocket client;public SocketClient(String site, intport){try{
client= newSocket(site,port);
System.out.println("Client is created! site:"+site+" port:"+port);
}catch(UnknownHostException e){
e.printStackTrace();
}catch(IOException e){
e.printStackTrace();
}
}publicString sendMsg(String msg){try{
BufferedReader in= new BufferedReader(newInputStreamReader(client.getInputStream()));
PrintWriter out= newPrintWriter(client.getOutputStream());
out.println(msg);
out.flush();returnin.readLine();
}catch(IOException e){
e.printStackTrace();
}return "";
}public voidcloseSocket(){try{
client.close();
}catch(IOException e){
e.printStackTrace();
}
}public static void main(String[] args) throwsException{
}
}
接下来就是来测试Socket通信了!
先运行TestSocketServer类,打开服务端,在12345端口处监听!
packageHA.Socket;public classTestSocketServer {public static voidmain(String[] argvs){
SocketServer server= new SocketServer(12345);
server.beginListen();
}
}
再运行TestSocketClient类:
packageHA.Socket;public classTestSocketClient {public static voidmain(String[] args){
SocketClient client= new SocketClient("127.0.0.1",12345);
System.out.println(client.sendMsg("nimei1"));
client.closeSocket();
SocketClient client1= new SocketClient("127.0.0.1",12345);
System.out.println(client1.sendMsg("nimei1111"));
client1.closeSocket();
SocketClient client11= new SocketClient("127.0.0.1",12345);
System.out.println(client11.sendMsg("nimei11111111"));
client11.closeSocket();
SocketClient client111= new SocketClient("127.0.0.1",12345);
System.out.println(client111.sendMsg("nimei11111111111111111"));
client111.closeSocket();
}
}
输出结果如下:
服务端:
Client is created! site:127.0.0.1 port:12345Hello!world!!nimei1
Client is created! site:127.0.0.1 port:12345Hello!world!!nimei1111
Client is created! site:127.0.0.1 port:12345Hello!world!!nimei11111111
Client is created! site:127.0.0.1 port:12345Hello!world!! nimei11111111111111111
客户端:
nimei1
nimei1111
nimei11111111
nimei11111111111111111
最后不得不提一下,如果要是在Android模拟器中实验的话,本地IP用127.0.0.1是不行的,因为android模拟器内部的本地ip为10.0.2.2。要么就是用电脑的网络地址,模拟器和电脑相当于构成了一个局域网。