linux下图像分析程序设计,C# 内存法图像处理

内存法通过把图像储存在内存中进行处理，效率大大高于GetPixel方法，安全性高于指针法。

笔者当初写图像处理的时候发现网上多是用GetPixel方法实现，提到内存法的时候也没有具体实现，所以笔者在这里具体实现一下- -，望指正。

首先讲一下用到的一些方法。

1.LockBits和UnlockBits：使用 LockBits 方法，可在系统内存中锁定现有的位图，以便通过编程方式进行更改，每调用LockBits之后都应该调用一次UnlockBits。

2.Scan0：图像的第一个字节地址。

3.Stride：步幅，扫描宽度，形象的说就是一行的长度。

4.PixelFormat：数据的实际像素格式。

给出原图：

一、灰度

对每个像素点进行加权平均，(方法不唯一)。

///

/// 灰化实现方法

///

void Image_Ashing()

{

if (pbshowbox.Image != null)

{

int Height = this.pbshowbox.Image.Height;

int Width = this.pbshowbox.Image.Width;

Bitmap bitmap = new Bitmap(Width, Height, PixelFormat.Format24bppRgb);

Bitmap MyBitmap = (Bitmap)this.pbshowbox.Image;

BitmapData oldData = MyBitmap.LockBits(new Rectangle(0, 0, Width, Height), ImageLockMode.ReadOnly, PixelFormat.Format24bppRgb);

BitmapData newData = bitmap.LockBits(new Rectangle(0, 0, Width, Height), ImageLockMode.ReadWrite, PixelFormat.Format24bppRgb);

unsafe

{

byte* pin = (byte*)(oldData.Scan0.ToPointer());

byte* pout = (byte*)(newData.Scan0.ToPointer());

for (int y = 0; y < oldData.Height; y++)

{

for (int x = 0; x < oldData.Width; x++)

{

byte Result = (byte)(pin[0] * 0.1 + pin[1] * 0.2 + pin[2] * 0.7);//加权平均实现灰化

pout[0] = (byte)(Result);

pout[1] = (byte)(Result);

pout[2] = (byte)(Result);

pin = pin + 3;

pout = pout + 3;

}

pin += oldData.Stride - oldData.Width * 3;

pout += newData.Stride - newData.Width * 3;

}

bitmap.UnlockBits(newData);

MyBitmap.UnlockBits(oldData);

this.pbshowbox.Image = bitmap;

}

}

else

{

MessageBox.Show("请先打开一张图片！");

}

}

二、柔化

像素点与周围像素点差别较大时取平均值。

///

/// 柔化实现方法

///

void Image_Soften()

{

if (pbshowbox.Image != null)

{

int Height = this.pbshowbox.Image.Height;

int Width = this.pbshowbox.Image.Width;

Bitmap bitmap = new Bitmap(Width, Height, PixelFormat.Format32bppRgb);

Bitmap MyBitmap = (Bitmap)this.pbshowbox.Image;

BitmapData oldData = MyBitmap.LockBits(new Rectangle(0, 0, Width, Height), ImageLockMode.ReadOnly, PixelFormat.Format32bppRgb);

BitmapData newData = bitmap.LockBits(new Rectangle(0, 0, Width, Height), ImageLockMode.ReadWrite, PixelFormat.Format32bppRgb);

unsafe

{

byte* pin = (byte*)(oldData.Scan0.ToPointer());

byte* pout = (byte*)(newData.Scan0.ToPointer());

//高斯模板

int[] Gauss = { 1, 2, 1, 2, 4, 2, 1, 2, 1 };

for (int i = 1; i < Width - 1; i++)

{

for (int j = 1; j < Height - 1; j++)

{

int r = 0, g = 0, b = 0;

int Index = 0;

for (int col = -1; col <= 1; col++)

{

for (int row = -1; row <= 1; row++)

{

int off = ((j + row) * (Width) + (i + col)) * 4;

r += pin[off + 0] * Gauss[Index];

g += pin[off + 1] * Gauss[Index];

b += pin[off + 2] * Gauss[Index];

Index++;

}

}

r /= 16;

g /= 16;

b /= 16;

//处理颜色值溢出

if (r < 0) r = 0;

if (r > 255) r = 255;

if (g < 0) g = 0;

if (g > 255) g = 255;

if (b < 0) b = 0;

if (b > 255) b = 255;

int off2 = (j * Width + i) * 4;

pout[off2 + 0] = (byte)r;

pout[off2 + 1] = (byte)g;

pout[off2 + 2] = (byte)b;

}

}

bitmap.UnlockBits(newData);

MyBitmap.UnlockBits(oldData);

this.pbshowbox.Image = bitmap;

}

}

else

{

MessageBox.Show("请先打开一张图片！");

}

}

三、锐化

突出显示颜色值大的像素点。

///

/// 锐化实现方法，显示数值最大像素点

///

void Image_Sharpen()

{

if (this.pbshowbox.Image != null)

{

int Height = this.pbshowbox.Image.Height;

int Width = this.pbshowbox.Image.Width;

Bitmap bitmap = new Bitmap(Width, Height, PixelFormat.Format32bppRgb);

Bitmap MyBitmap = (Bitmap)this.pbshowbox.Image;

BitmapData oldData = MyBitmap.LockBits(new Rectangle(0, 0, Width, Height), ImageLockMode.ReadOnly, PixelFormat.Format32bppRgb);

BitmapData newData = bitmap.LockBits(new Rectangle(0, 0, Width, Height), ImageLockMode.ReadWrite, PixelFormat.Format32bppRgb);

unsafe

{

byte* pin = (byte*)(oldData.Scan0.ToPointer());

byte* pout = (byte*)(newData.Scan0.ToPointer());

//拉普拉斯模板

int[] Laplacian = { -1, -1, -1, -1, 9, -1, -1, -1, -1 };

for (int i = 1; i < Width - 1; i++)

{

for (int j = 1; j < Height - 1; j++)

{

int r = 0, g = 0, b = 0;

int Index = 0;

for (int col = -1; col <= 1; col++)

{

for (int row = -1; row <= 1; row++)

{

int off = ((j + row) * (Width) + (i + col)) * 4;

r += pin[off + 0] * Laplacian[Index];

g += pin[off + 1] * Laplacian[Index];

b += pin[off + 2] * Laplacian[Index];

Index++;

}

}

if (r < 0) r = 0;

if (r > 255) r = 255;

if (g < 0) g = 0;

if (g > 255) g = 255;

if (b < 0) b = 0;

if (b > 255) b = 255;

int off2 = (j * Width + i) * 4;

pout[off2 + 0] = (byte)r;

pout[off2 + 1] = (byte)g;

pout[off2 + 2] = (byte)b;

}

}

bitmap.UnlockBits(newData);

MyBitmap.UnlockBits(oldData);

this.pbshowbox.Image = bitmap;

}

}

else

{

MessageBox.Show("请先打开一张图片！");

}

}

四、浮雕

对图像像素点的像素值分别与相邻像素点的像素值相减后加上128, 然后将其作为新的像素点的值。

///

/// 浮雕实现方法

///

void Image_Relief()

{

if (this.pbshowbox.Image != null)

{

int Height = this.pbshowbox.Image.Height;

int Width = this.pbshowbox.Image.Width;

Bitmap bitmap = new Bitmap(Width, Height, PixelFormat.Format24bppRgb);

Bitmap MyBitmap = (Bitmap)this.pbshowbox.Image;

BitmapData oldData = MyBitmap.LockBits(new Rectangle(0, 0, Width, Height), ImageLockMode.ReadOnly, PixelFormat.Format24bppRgb);

BitmapData newData = bitmap.LockBits(new Rectangle(0, 0, Width, Height), ImageLockMode.ReadWrite, PixelFormat.Format24bppRgb);

unsafe

{

byte* pin_1 = (byte*)(oldData.Scan0.ToPointer());

byte* pin_2 = pin_1 + (oldData.Stride);

byte* pout = (byte*)(newData.Scan0.ToPointer());

for (int y = 0; y < oldData.Height - 1; y++)

{

for (int x = 0; x < oldData.Width; x++)

{

int b = (int)pin_1[0] - (int)pin_2[0] + 128;

int g = (int)pin_1[1] - (int)pin_2[1] + 128;

int r = (int)pin_1[2] - (int)pin_2[2] + 128;

if (r < 0) r = 0;

if (r > 255) r = 255;

if (g < 0) g = 0;

if (g > 255) g = 255;

if (b < 0) b = 0;

if (b > 255) b = 255;

pout[0] = (byte)(b);

pout[1] = (byte)(g);

pout[2] = (byte)(r);

pin_1 = pin_1 + 3;

pin_2 = pin_2 + 3;

pout = pout + 3;

}

pin_1 += oldData.Stride - oldData.Width * 3;

pin_2 += oldData.Stride - oldData.Width * 3;

pout += newData.Stride - newData.Width * 3;

}

bitmap.UnlockBits(newData);

MyBitmap.UnlockBits(oldData);

this.pbshowbox.Image = bitmap;

}

}

else

{

MessageBox.Show("请先打开一张图片！");

}

}

五、底片

颜色值取反。

///

/// 底片实现方法

///

void Image_Negative()

{

if (pbshowbox.Image != null)

{

int Height = this.pbshowbox.Image.Height;

int Width = this.pbshowbox.Image.Width;

Bitmap bitmap = new Bitmap(Width, Height, PixelFormat.Format24bppRgb);

Bitmap MyBitmap = (Bitmap)this.pbshowbox.Image;

BitmapData oldData = MyBitmap.LockBits(new Rectangle(0, 0, Width, Height), ImageLockMode.ReadOnly, PixelFormat.Format24bppRgb);

BitmapData newData = bitmap.LockBits(new Rectangle(0, 0, Width, Height), ImageLockMode.ReadWrite, PixelFormat.Format24bppRgb);

unsafe

{

byte* pin = (byte*)(oldData.Scan0.ToPointer());

byte* pout = (byte*)(newData.Scan0.ToPointer());

for (int y = 0; y < oldData.Height; y++)

{

for (int x = 0; x < oldData.Width; x++)

{

pout[0] = (byte)(255 - pin[0]);

pout[1] = (byte)(255 - pin[1]);

pout[2] = (byte)(255 - pin[2]);

pin = pin + 3;

pout = pout + 3;

}

pin += oldData.Stride - oldData.Width * 3;

pout += newData.Stride - newData.Width * 3;

}

bitmap.UnlockBits(newData);

MyBitmap.UnlockBits(oldData);

this.pbshowbox.Image = bitmap;

}

}

else

{

MessageBox.Show("请先打开一张图片！");

}

}

六、积木

低像素置0，高像素置255。

///

/// 积木实现方法

///

private void Image_Block()

{

if (this.pbshowbox.Image != null)

{

int Height = this.pbshowbox.Image.Height;

int Width = this.pbshowbox.Image.Width;

Bitmap bitmap = new Bitmap(Width, Height);

Bitmap Mybitmap = (Bitmap)this.pbshowbox.Image;

BitmapData oldData = Mybitmap.LockBits(new Rectangle(0, 0, Width, Height), ImageLockMode.ReadOnly, PixelFormat.Format24bppRgb);

BitmapData newData = bitmap.LockBits(new Rectangle(0, 0, Width, Height), ImageLockMode.ReadWrite, PixelFormat.Format24bppRgb);

unsafe

{

byte* pin = (byte*)(oldData.Scan0.ToPointer());

byte* pout = (byte*)(newData.Scan0.ToPointer());

for (int y = 0; y < oldData.Height; y++)

{

for (int x = 0; x < oldData.Width; x++)

{

int avg = (pin[0] + pin[1] + pin[2]) / 3;

if (avg > 128)

{

pout[0] = 255;

pout[1] = 255;

pout[2] = 255;

}

else

{

pout[0] = 0;

pout[1] = 0;

pout[2] = 0;

}

pin = pin + 3;

pout = pout + 3;

}

pin = pin + oldData.Stride - oldData.Width * 3;

pout = pout + newData.Stride - newData.Width * 3;

}

bitmap.UnlockBits(newData);

Mybitmap.UnlockBits(oldData);

this.pbshowbox.Image = bitmap;

}

}

else

{

MessageBox.Show("请先打开一张图片！");

}

}

有些图片效果看起来不明显是因为笔者把图缩小了，其实效果挺明显的- -。