java链式编程_Java 链式编程 和 lombok 实现链式编程

一、链式编程定义

链式编程的原理就是返回一个this对象，就是返回本身，达到链式效果。

二、jdk中 StringBuffer 源码

我们经常用的 StringBuffer 就是 实现了链式的写法。

StringBuffer builder = new StringBuffer();

builder.append("blake").append("bob").append("alice").append("linese").append("eve");

是不是很方便呢!

怎么实现呢，其实就是在设置的 返回当前的对象 。

源码如下：

@Override

public StringBuilder append(String str) {

super.append(str);

return this;

}

三、按照上面的方法写一个例子

public class StudentBean {

private String name;

private int age;

public String getName() {

return name;

}

public StudentBean setName(String name) {

this.name = name;

return this;

}

public int getAge() {

return age;

}

public StudentBean setAge(int age) {

this.age = age;

return this;

}

}

测试：

public class Main {

public static void main(String[] args) {

StudentBean studentBean = new StudentBean().setAge(22).setName("ly");

System.out.println(studentBean.getAge());

System.out.println(studentBean.getName());

}

}

四、lombok 链式编程

其实，lombok 已经提供该 style，我们把这个bean 改成 lombok 实现只需要加上一个 @Accessors(chain = true) 即可。

@Accessors(chain = true)

@Getter

@Setter

public class StudentBean {

private String name;

private int age;

}

上面代码编译之后：

public class StudentBean {

private String name;

private int age;

public StudentBean() {

}

public String getName() {

return this.name;

}

public int getAge() {

return this.age;

}

public StudentBean setName(String name) {

this.name = name;

return this;

}

public StudentBean setAge(int age) {

this.age = age;

return this;

}

}

五、lombok 实现静态的链式编程

写StudentBean这个bean的时候，会有一些必输字段，比如StudentBean中的name字段，一般处理的方式是将name字段包装成一个构造方法，只有传入name这样的构造方法，才能创建一个StudentBean对象。

使用 lombok 将更改成如下写法： @RequiredArgsConstructor 和 @NonNull

@Accessors(chain = true)

@Getter

@Setter

@RequiredArgsConstructor(staticName = "of")

public class StudentBean {

@NonNull

private String name;

private int age;

}

上面代码编译之后：

public class StudentBean {

@NonNull

private String name;

private int age;

@NonNull

public String getName() {

return this.name;

}

public int getAge() {

return this.age;

}

public StudentBean setName(@NonNull String name) {

if (name == null) {

throw new NullPointerException("name");

} else {

this.name = name;

return this;

}

}

public StudentBean setAge(int age) {

this.age = age;

return this;

}

private StudentBean(@NonNull String name) {

if (name == null) {

throw new NullPointerException("name");

} else {

this.name = name;

}

}

public static StudentBean of(@NonNull String name) {

return new StudentBean(name);

}

}

测试方法：

public class Main {

public static void main(String[] args) {

StudentBean studentBean = StudentBean.of("zhangsan").setAge(22);

System.out.println(studentBean.getAge());

System.out.println(studentBean.getName());

}

}

这样不仅实现了链式编程，还实现了静态创建。

六、自定义 builder模式的链式Bean

build模式实现原理为在bean里面创建一个 静态builder方法 和一个 静态内部Builder类 ，通过调用静态builder方法来创建 Builder类，然后通过 builder类 中的 build方法直接创建一个Bean，具体如下：

public class StudentBean {

private String name;

private int age;

public String getName() {

return name;

}

public void setName(String name) {

this.name = name;

}

public int getAge() {

return age;

}

public void setAge(int age) {

this.age = age;

}

public static Builder builder() {

return new Builder();

}

public static class Builder{

private String name;

private int age;

public Builder name(String name) {

this.name = name;

return this;

}

public Builder age(int age) {

this.age = age;

return this;

}

public StudentBean build() {

StudentBean studentBean = new StudentBean();

studentBean.setName(name);

studentBean.setAge(age);

return studentBean;

}

}

}

测试方法：

StudentBean studentBean = StudentBean.builder().name("zhangsan").age(11).build();

七、lombok 实现 builder模式的链式bean

这样就实现了一个builder模式的链式bean。其实用lombok就一个注解的事情，调用与上面同样

@Builder

public class StudentBean {

private String name;

private int age;

}

上面代码编译之后：

public class StudentBean {

private String name;

private int age;

StudentBean(String name, int age) {

this.name = name;

this.age = age;

}

public static StudentBean.StudentBeanBuilder builder() {

return new StudentBean.StudentBeanBuilder();

}

public static class StudentBeanBuilder {

private String name;

private int age;

StudentBeanBuilder() {

}

public StudentBean.StudentBeanBuilder name(String name) {

this.name = name;

return this;

}

public StudentBean.StudentBeanBuilder age(int age) {

this.age = age;

return this;

}

public StudentBean build() {

return new StudentBean(this.name, this.age);

}

public String toString() {

return "StudentBean.StudentBeanBuilder(name=" + this.name + ", age=" + this.age + ")";

}

}

}

可以发现添加了 @Builder 注解之后，自动生成了静态builder方法 和一个 静态内部Builder类，并没有生成 get、set 方法，我们在上面例子中加入 @Data和 @Accessors(chain = true)注解：

@Builder

@Data

@Accessors(chain = true)

public class StudentBean {

private String name;

private int age;

}

上面代码编译之后：

public class StudentBean {

private String name;

private int age;

StudentBean(String name, int age) {

this.name = name;

this.age = age;

}

public static StudentBean.StudentBeanBuilder builder() {

return new StudentBean.StudentBeanBuilder();

}

private StudentBean() {

}

public String getName() {

return this.name;

}

public int getAge() {

return this.age;

}

public StudentBean setName(String name) {

this.name = name;

return this;

}

public StudentBean setAge(int age) {

this.age = age;

return this;

}

public boolean equals(Object o) {

if (o == this) {

return true;

} else if (!(o instanceof StudentBean)) {

return false;

} else {

StudentBean other = (StudentBean)o;

if (!other.canEqual(this)) {

return false;

} else {

Object this$name = this.getName();

Object other$name = other.getName();

if (this$name == null) {

if (other$name == null) {

return this.getAge() == other.getAge();

}

} else if (this$name.equals(other$name)) {

return this.getAge() == other.getAge();

}

return false;

}

}

}

protected boolean canEqual(Object other) {

return other instanceof StudentBean;

}

public int hashCode() {

int PRIME = true;

int result = 1;

Object $name = this.getName();

int result = result * 59 + ($name == null ? 43 : $name.hashCode());

result = result * 59 + this.getAge();

return result;

}

public String toString() {

return "StudentBean(name=" + this.getName() + ", age=" + this.getAge() + ")";

}

public static class StudentBeanBuilder {

private String name;

private int age;

StudentBeanBuilder() {

}

public StudentBean.StudentBeanBuilder name(String name) {

this.name = name;

return this;

}

public StudentBean.StudentBeanBuilder age(int age) {

this.age = age;

return this;

}

public StudentBean build() {

return new StudentBean(this.name, this.age);

}

public String toString() {

return "StudentBean.StudentBeanBuilder(name=" + this.name + ", age=" + this.age + ")";

}

}

}

最终生成类如上面一样，属性的 get、set 方法有了，并且支持链式调用，而且还是builder模式。

八、 更多其他Lombok注解的使用