linux磁盘使用方式,linux下大于2T的硬盘使用方法

【转】转parted创建GPT分区(fdisk不支持创建GPT分区，GPT支持大于2TB分区，MBR不支持)

这次干活，服务器硬盘26T，但是发现无论是Ubuntu11.04还是Centos5.6，都是无法直接分配一个分区超过16T.

没想到，linux还有这个局限。改天好好研究一下这个。

2011年03月19日星期六17:18

本次操作环境：

Ubuntu Server10.10

SCSI Harddisk：/dev/sda       500GB

U盘：/dev/sdb    8GB(模拟成USB Harddisk，安装OS)

介绍2种分区表：MBR分区表：(MBR含义：主引导记录)所支持的最大卷：2T(T;terabytes,1TB=1024GB)对分区的设限：最多4个主分区或3个主分区加一个扩展分区。GPT分区表：(GPT含义：GUID分区表)支持最大卷：18EB，(E：exabytes,1EB=1024TB)每个磁盘最多支持128个分区

所以如果要大于2TB的卷或分区就必须得用GPT分区表。

Linux下fdisk工具不支持GPT，得使用另一个GNU发布的强大分区工具parted。

fdisk工具用的话，会有下面的警告信息：

WARNING: GPT(GUID Partition Table) detected on '/dev/sda'! The util fdisk doesn't supportGPT. Use GNU Parted.

下面是用parted工具对/dev/sda做GPT分区的过程：

root@node01:/mnt#parted /dev/sdaGNU Parted 2.3

Using /dev/sda

Welcome to GNU Parted! Type 'help' to view a list of commands.

(parted)mklabel gptWarning: The existing disk label on /dev/sda will be destroyed and all data onthis disk

will be lost. Do you want to continue?

Yes/No?yes

(parted)printModel: DELL PERC 6/i Adapter (scsi)

Disk /dev/sda: 500GB

Sector size (logical/physical): 512B/512B

Partition Table: gpt

Number  Start  End  Size  File system  Name Flags

(parted)mkpart primary 0KB 500GBWarning: You requested a partition from 0.00B to500GB.

The closest location we can manage is 17.4kB to 500GB.

Is this still acceptable to you?

Yes/No?yesWarning: The resulting partition is not properly aligned for best performance.

Ignore/Cancel?Ignore

(parted)printModel: DELL PERC 6/i Adapter (scsi)

Disk /dev/sda: 500GB

Sector size (logical/physical): 512B/512B

Partition Table: gpt

Number  Start   End    Size   Filesystem  Name     Flags

1      17.4kB  500GB 500GB              primary

(parted)quitInformation: You may need to update/etc/fstab.

root@node01:/#fdisk -lWARNING: GPT (GUID Partition Table) detected on '/dev/sda'! The util fdiskdoesn't support GPT. Use GNU Parted.

Disk /dev/sda: 499.6 GB, 499558383616 bytes

255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 60734 cylinders

Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes

Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes

I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes

Disk identifier: 0x00000000

Device Boot     Start        End      Blocks   Id  System

/dev/sda1              1       60735   487849983+ ee  GPT

root@node01:/#mkfs.ext4/dev/sda1mke2fs 1.41.12 (17-May-2010)文件系统标签=操作系统:Linux块大小=4096 (log=2)分块大小=4096 (log=2)

Stride=0 blocks, Stripe width=0 blocks

30490624 inodes, 121962487 blocks

6098124 blocks (5.00%) reserved for the super user第一个数据块=0

Maximum filesystem blocks=4294967296

3722 block groups

32768 blocks per group, 32768 fragments per group

8192 inodes per group

Superblock backups stored on blocks:32768, 98304, 163840, 229376,294912, 819200, 884736, 1605632, 2654208,4096000, 7962624, 11239424,20480000, 23887872, 71663616, 78675968,102400000正在写入inode表:完成Creating journal (32768 blocks):完成Writing superblocks and filesystem accounting information:完成This filesystem will be automatically checked every 24 mounts or

180 days, whichever comes first.  Use tune2fs -c or -i to override.

root@node01:/#mount /dev/sda1 /export/glusterfs01/

root@node01:/#df -hFilesystem           Size  Used Avail Use% Mounted on

/dev/mapper/node01-root

6.8G  987M  5.5G  16% /

none                 7.9G  208K  7.9G   1% /dev

none                 7.9G     0  7.9G   0% /dev/shm

none                 7.9G   32K  7.9G   1% /var/run

none                 7.9G     0  7.9G   0% /var/lock

/dev/sdb1            228M   21M  196M  10% /boot

/dev/sda1            458G  198M  435G   1% /export/glusterfs01

root@node01:/#vi /etc/fstab# /etc/fstab: static file system information.

#

# Use 'blkid -o value -s UUID' to print the universally unique identifier

# for a device; this may be used with UUID= as a more robust way to name

# devices that works even if disks are added and removed. See fstab(5).

#

#             

proc           /proc          proc    nodev,noexec,nosuid0       0

/dev/mapper/node01-root/              ext4    errors=remount-ro 0      1

# /boot was on /dev/sdb1 during installation

UUID=c21707ff-ba0f-43ee-819a-8e72fa0f8500/boot          ext2    defaults       0       2

/dev/mapper/node01-swap_1none           swap    sw             0       0/dev/sda1      /export/glusterfs01     ext4   defaults       0       2

重启就可以自动挂载了！至此完成。