php mysql orm_初探PHP ORM框架Doctrine

概述

环境：debian

Doctrine是PHP的一个ORM框架，symfony的默认用的ORM就是Doctrine。

安装Composer

首先安装Composer，Composer是PHP依赖管理工具，类似Debian的apt，Java的Maven，安装说明可参考：http://docs.phpcomposer.com/00-intro.html

mkdir composer

curl -sS https://getcomposer.org/installer | php

这样就把composer.phar下载了到了composer文件夹了。

为了目录根清晰，我们新建一个和composer同级的目录doctrine.

cd .. && mkdir doctrine && cd doctrine

在doctrine文件夹里，编写依赖文件composer.json，内容如下：

{

"require": {

"doctrine/orm": "2.4.*",

"symfony/yaml": "2.*"

},

"autoload": {

"psr-0": {

"": "src/"

}

}

}

安装依赖../composer/composer.phar install

有时会报异常：

[Composer\Downloader\TransportException]

Your configuration does not allow connection to

http://packagist.org. See https://getcomposer.org/doc/06-config.md#secure-http

for details.

可以多试几次，如果还不行可以尝试添加一个配置项：

{

"require": {

"doctrine/orm": "2.4.*",

"symfony/yaml": "2.*"

},

"autoload": {

"psr-0": {

"": "src/"

}

},

"config": {

"secure-http": false

}

}

安装完依赖后，如果你尝试运行 vendor/bin/doctrine，会得到类似这样的提示：

You are missing a “cli-config.php” or “config/cli-config.php” file in your

project, which is required to get the Doctrine Console working. You can use the

following sample as a template:

use Doctrine\ORM\Tools\Console\ConsoleRunner;

// replace with file to your own project bootstrap

require_once ‘bootstrap.php’;

// replace with mechanism to retrieve EntityManager in your app

$entityManager = GetEntityManager();

return ConsoleRunner::createHelperSet($entityManager);

告诉缺少cli-config.php文件，于是添加如下两个文件bootstrap.php和cli-config.php：

use Doctrine\ORM\Tools\Setup;

require_once "vendor/autoload.php";

// Create a simple "default" Doctrine ORM configuration for XML Mapping

$isDevMode = true;

$config = Setup::createAnnotationMetadataConfiguration(array(__DIR__."/src"), $isDevMode);

// or if you prefer yaml or annotations

//$config = Setup::createXMLMetadataConfiguration(array(__DIR__."/config/xml"), $isDevMode);

//$config = Setup::createYAMLMetadataConfiguration(array(__DIR__."/config/yaml"), $isDevMode);

// database configuration parameters

/*$conn = array(

'driver' => 'pdo_sqlite',

'path' => __DIR__ . '/db.sqlite',

);*/

$conn = array(

'driver' => 'pdo_mysql',

'user' => 'root',

'password' => '',

'dbname' => 'foo',

);

// obtaining the entity manager

$entityManager = \Doctrine\ORM\EntityManager::create($conn, $config);

<?php

// cli-config.php

require_once "bootstrap.php";

$helperSet = new \Symfony\Component\Console\Helper\HelperSet(array(

'em' => new \Doctrine\ORM\Tools\Console\Helper\EntityManagerHelper($entityManager)

));

return $helperSet;

创建数据库和表

配置好bootstrap.php中的数据库以及目录(src)，编写entity，如Product.php

/**

* @Entity @Table(name="products")

*/

class Product

{

/** @Id @Column(type="integer") @GeneratedValue */

protected $id;

/** @Column(type="string") */

protected $name;

public function getId()

{

return $this->id;

}

public function getName()

{

return $this->name;

}

public function setName($name)

{

$this->name = $name;

}

}

先登录Mysql创建数据库foo

create database foo;

然后可以执行

vendor/bin/doctrine orm:schema-tool:create

即可创建数据库表Products.