python中字符串转化为字典_python字符串转化为字典的疑问？

import json

dir=r"C:\Users\Administrator\Desktop"

file_nm="新建文本文档 (2).txt"

f=open(dir+"\\"+file_nm,"r")

r=json.load(f)

print(r["people"],type(r["people"]))

print("*******")

print(r["people"][0],type(["people"][0]))

t=dict(r["people"][0])

print(t,type(t))

结果为

[{'firstName': 'Brett', 'lastName': 'McLaughlin'}, {'firstName': 'Jason', 'lastName': 'Hunter'}]

+++++++++++++

{'firstName': 'Brett', 'lastName': 'McLaughlin'}

{'firstName': 'Brett', 'lastName': 'McLaughlin'}

疑问：

字符串

{'firstName': 'Brett', 'lastName': 'McLaughlin'}可以用dict()的方式转化为字典，

但是我写

s=r"{'1':'2','3':'4'}"

ss=dict(s)

就会报错：

Traceback (most recent call last):

File "E:/pythontest/GUI/testfield.py", line 13, in

ss=dict(s)

ValueError: dictionary update sequence element #0 has length 1; 2 is required

为什么这个字符串不能转化为字典？