一、Java类的定义和对象的创建
1、定义一个Circle圆类。
(1)一个名为radius的double型数据域,表示圆的半径,其默认值为1。
(2)创建默认圆的无参构造方法。
(3)一个创建radius为指定值的圆的构造方法。
(4)数据域radius的访问器和修改器。
(5)一个名为getArea()的方法返回这个圆的面积。
(6)一个名为getPerimeter()的方法返回周长。
classCircle {private double radius=1;publicCircle() {
}public Circle(doubleradius) {this.radius =radius;
}public void setRadius(doubleradius) {this.radius =radius;
}public doublegetRadius() {returnradius;
}public doublegetArea() {return Math.PI*radius*radius;
}public doublegetPerimeter() {return Math.PI*radius*2;
}
}
Circle类代码
2、定义一个Rectangle矩形类
(1)两个名为width和height的double型数据域,它们分别表示矩形的宽和高。width和height的默认值都为1。
(2)创建默认矩形的无参构造方法。
(3)一个创建width和height为指定值的矩形的构造方法。
(4)数据域width和height的访问器和修改器。
(4)一个名为getArea()的方法返回这个矩形的面积。
(5)一个名为getPerimeter()的方法返回周长。
classRectangle {private double width=1.0;private double height=1.0;publicRectangle() {
}public Rectangle(double width,doubleheight) {this.width =width;this.height =height;
}public void setWidth(doublewidth) {this.width =width;
}public double getWidth(doublewidth) {returnwidth;
}public void setHeight(doubleheight) {this.height =height;
}public double getHeight(doubleHeight) {returnheight;
}public doublegetArea() {return width*height;
}public doublegetPerimeter() {return 2*(width+height);
}
}
Rectangle类代码
3、创建一个半径为10的Circle,输出其面积和圆周长;创建一个长为4,宽为6的Rectangle,输出其面积和周长。
public classTest{public static voidmain(String[] args) {
Circle circle= new Circle(10);
System.out.printf("The area of Circle is %.2f, The perimeter of Circle is %.2f\n",circle.getArea(),circle.getPerimeter());
Rectangle rectangle= new Rectangle(4,6);
System.out.printf("The area of Rectangle is %.2f, The perimeter of Circle is %.2f\n",rectangle.getArea(),rectangle.getPerimeter());
}
}
测试代码
运行结果:
The area of Circle is 314.16, The perimeter of Circle is 62.83
The area of Rectangle is 24.00, The perimeter of Circle is 20.00
二、Java类的继承和多态
1、定义一个GeometricObject类。
(1)一个名为color的String型数据域,表示几何对象的颜色,默认值为white。一个名为filled的boolean型数据,表示是否着色。一个名为dateCreated的Date型数据域,表示几何对象创建时间。
(2)创建默认几何对象的无参构造方法。
(3)一个创建带特定颜色和填充值的构造方法。
(4)数据域color和filled的访问器和修改器。dateCreated的访问器。
(5)增加一个equalArea()方法,比较两个几何对象的面积是否相等。
importjava.util.Date;classGeometricObject {private String color = "white";private boolean filled =false;privateDate dateCreated;publicGeometricObject() {
dateCreated= newDate();
}public GeometricObject(String color, booleanfilled) {this.color =color;this.filled =filled;
dateCreated= newDate();
}publicString getColor() {returncolor;
}public voidsetColor(String color) {this.color =color;
}public booleanisFilled() {returnfilled;
}public void setFilled(booleanfilled) {this.filled =filled;
}publicDate getDateCreated() {returndateCreated;
}public double getArea() {return 1;}public booleanequalArea(GeometricObject o) {return (getArea()==o.getArea());
}
}
GeometricObject类的定义
2、改写Circle类和Rectangl类继承GeometricObject类,并分别重写toString()方法返回这个对象的字符串描述。
class Circle extendsGeometricObject{private double radius=1;publicCircle() {
}public Circle(doubleradius) {this.radius =radius;
}public void setRadius(doubleradius) {this.radius =radius;
}public doublegetRadius() {returnradius;
}public doublegetArea() {return Math.PI*radius*radius;
}public doublegetPerimeter() {return Math.PI*radius*2;
}
@OverridepublicString toString() {return "This is a Circle created at +"+super.getDateCreated()+"\nradius = "+radius+", area = "+getArea();
}
}class Rectangle extendsGeometricObject{private double width=1.0;private double height=1.0;publicRectangle() {
}public Rectangle(double width,doubleheight) {this.width =width;this.height =height;
}public void setWidth(doublewidth) {this.width =width;
}public double getWidth(doublewidth) {returnwidth;
}public void setHeight(doubleheight) {this.height =height;
}public double getHeight(doubleHeight) {returnheight;
}public doublegetArea() {return width*height;
}public doublegetPerimeter() {return 2*(width+height);
}
@OverridepublicString toString() {return "This is a rectangle created at +"+super.getDateCreated()+"\nwidth = "+width+", height = "+height+", area = "+getArea();
}
}
Circle类和Rectangle类
3、创建一个半径为10的Circle,创建一个长为4,宽为6的Rectangle,调用toString()方法分别输出两个对象的描述,并比较这两个对象的面积是否相等。
public classTest{public static voidmain(String[] args) {
GeometricObject circle= new Circle(10);
GeometricObject rectangle= new Rectangle(4,6);
System.out.println(circle.toString());
System.out.println(rectangle.toString());
System.out.println("the area equal? : "+circle.equalArea(rectangle));
}
}
测试代码
运行结果:
This is a Circle created at +Wed Oct 24 15:20:39 CST 2018
radius = 10.0, area = 314.1592653589793
This is a rectangle created at +Wed Oct 24 15:20:39 CST 2018
width = 4.0, height = 6.0, area = 24.0
the area equal? : false
三、Java类的抽象和接口
1、改写GeometricObject类为抽象类。
(1)定义一个抽象方法getArea()方法。
(2)定义一个抽象方法getPerimeter()方法。
importjava.util.Date;abstract classGeometricObject {private String color = "white";private boolean filled =false;privateDate dateCreated;publicGeometricObject() {
dateCreated= newDate();
}public GeometricObject(String color, booleanfilled) {this.color =color;this.filled =filled;
dateCreated= newDate();
}publicString getColor() {returncolor;
}public voidsetColor(String color) {this.color =color;
}public booleanisFilled() {returnfilled;
}public void setFilled(booleanfilled) {this.filled =filled;
}publicDate getDateCreated() {returndateCreated;
}public abstract doublegetArea();public abstract doublegetPerimeter();public booleanequalArea(GeometricObject o) {return (getArea()==o.getArea());
}
}
GeometricObject抽象类
class Circle extendsGeometricObject{private double radius=1;publicCircle() {
}public Circle(doubleradius) {this.radius =radius;
}public void setRadius(doubleradius) {this.radius =radius;
}public doublegetRadius() {returnradius;
}
@Overridepublic doublegetArea() {return Math.PI*radius*radius;
}
@Overridepublic doublegetPerimeter() {return Math.PI*radius*2;
}
@OverridepublicString toString() {return "This is a Circle created at +"+super.getDateCreated()+"\nradius = "+radius+", area = "+getArea();
}
}
覆盖抽象方法的Circle类
class Rectangle extendsGeometricObject{private double width=1.0;private double height=1.0;publicRectangle() {
}public Rectangle(double width,doubleheight) {this.width =width;this.height =height;
}public void setWidth(doublewidth) {this.width =width;
}public double getWidth(doublewidth) {returnwidth;
}public void setHeight(doubleheight) {this.height =height;
}public double getHeight(doubleHeight) {returnheight;
}
@Overridepublic doublegetArea() {return width*height;
}
@Overridepublic doublegetPerimeter() {return 2*(width+height);
}
@OverridepublicString toString() {return "This is a rectangle created at +"+super.getDateCreated()+"\nwidth = "+width+", height = "+height+", area = "+getArea();
}
}
覆盖抽象方法的Rectangle类
2、设计一个GeometricInterface接口,其中包含getArea()方法和getPerimeter()方法。
public interfaceGeometricInterface {doublegetArea();doublegetPerimeter();
}
GeometricInterface接口类
3、改写GeometricObject类,实现GeometricInterface接口和Compareble接口。
importjava.util.Date;abstract class GeometricObject implements GeometricInterface,Comparable{private String color = "white";private boolean filled =false;privateDate dateCreated;publicGeometricObject() {
dateCreated= newDate();
}public GeometricObject(String color, booleanfilled) {this.color =color;this.filled =filled;
dateCreated= newDate();
}publicString getColor() {returncolor;
}public voidsetColor(String color) {this.color =color;
}public booleanisFilled() {returnfilled;
}public void setFilled(booleanfilled) {this.filled =filled;
}publicDate getDateCreated() {returndateCreated;
}
@Overridepublic intcompareTo(GeometricObject g) {if (getArea()>g.getArea()) return 1;else if (getArea()
}
}
实现接口的GeometricObject类
4、分别创建一个半径为10的圆c1、半径为1的圆c2,半径为0.5的圆C3,创建一个长为1,宽为Math.PI的矩形r,输出c1和r,c2和r,c3和r的面积比较结果。
public classTest{public static voidmain(String[] args) {
GeometricObject c1= new Circle(10);
GeometricObject c2= new Circle(1);
GeometricObject c3= new Circle(0.5);
GeometricObject r= new Rectangle(1,Math.PI);
System.out.println("c1:r is "+c1.compareTo(r));
System.out.println("c2:r is "+c2.compareTo(r));
System.out.println("c3:r is "+c3.compareTo(r));
}
}
测试代码
运行结果:
c1:r is 1
c2:r is 0
c3:r is -1