java rx.observable_RxJava2——Observable基本用例

最基本的调用

Observable.create(new ObservableOnSubscribe() {

@Override

public void subscribe(ObservableEmitter emitter) throws Exception {

emitter.onNext("1");

emitter.onNext("2");

emitter.onNext("3");

emitter.onNext("4");

emitter.onNext("5");

emitter.onComplete();

XLog.d("subscribe over");

}

}).subscribe(new Observer() {

@Override

public void onSubscribe(Disposable d) {

XLog.d("onSubscribe ");

}

@Override

public void onNext(String s) {

XLog.d("onNext " + s);

}

@Override

public void onError(Throwable e) {

XLog.d("onError ");

}

@Override

public void onComplete() {

XLog.d("onComplete ");

}

});

输出结果：基本按照顺序输出

onSubscribe

onNext 1

onNext 2

onNext 3

onNext 4

onNext 5

onComplete

subscribe over

onComplete/onError放中间

emitter.onNext("1");

emitter.onNext("2");

emitter.onNext("3");

//emitter.onComplete();

emitter.onError(new Exception());

emitter.onNext("4");

emitter.onNext("5");

输出结果：当中间有 onCompelete/onError 时，Observable会继续发送，但Obsever不会再接收事件了

onSubscribe

onNext 1

onNext 2

onNext 3

//onComplete

onError

subscribe over

连续两次调用onComplete

emitter.onNext("1");

emitter.onNext("2");

emitter.onNext("3");

emitter.onComplete();

emitter.onComplete();

emitter.onNext("4");

emitter.onNext("5");

输出结果：和单次调用 onComplete一样，如果放中间，Observer将不会再接收事件，且无异常

onSubscribe

onNext 1

onNext 2

onNext 3

onComplete

subscribe over

连续两次调用onError

emitter.onNext("1");

emitter.onNext("2");

emitter.onNext("3");

emitter.onError(new Exception());

emitter.onError(new Exception());

emitter.onComplete();

emitter.onNext("4");

emitter.onNext("5");

XLog.d("subscribe over");

输出结果：收到onError事件便截止

onSubscribe

onNext 1

onNext 2

onNext 3

onError

除此之外，连续 2 次调用 onError(),还报出了一个 UndeliverableException

09-22 12:45:18.181 8830-8830/www.ly.com.rxjavademo W/System.err: io.reactivex.exceptions.UndeliverableException: java.lang.Exception

at io.reactivex.plugins.RxJavaPlugins.onError(RxJavaPlugins.java:367)

at io.reactivex.internal.operators.observable.ObservableCreate$CreateEmitter.onError(ObservableCreate.java:74)

at www.ly.com.rxjavademo.MainActivity$2.subscribe(MainActivity.java:73)

at io.reactivex.internal.operators.observable.ObservableCreate.subscribeActual(ObservableCreate.java:40)

at io.reactivex.Observable.subscribe(Observable.java:12005)

at www.ly.com.rxjavademo.MainActivity.onCreate(MainActivity.java:81)

onError 和 onComplete 同时出现

emitter.onNext("1");

emitter.onNext("2");

emitter.onNext("3");

emitter.onComplete();

emitter.onError(new Exception());

emitter.onNext("4");

emitter.onNext("5");

输出结果：输出到onComplete截止

onSubscribe

onNext 1

onNext 2

onNext 3

onComplete

除此之外，同时也收到了 UndeliverableException 而终止进程

09-22 13:10:32.738 14353-14353/www.ly.com.rxjavademo W/System.err: io.reactivex.exceptions.UndeliverableException: java.lang.Exception

at io.reactivex.plugins.RxJavaPlugins.onError(RxJavaPlugins.java:367)

09-22 13:10:32.739 14353-14353/www.ly.com.rxjavademo W/System.err: at io.reactivex.internal.operators.observable.ObservableCreate$CreateEmitter.onError(ObservableCreate.java:74)

at www.ly.com.rxjavademo.MainActivity$2.subscribe(MainActivity.java:73)

at io.reactivex.internal.operators.observable.ObservableCreate.subscribeActual(ObservableCreate.java:40)

at io.reactivex.Observable.subscribe(Observable.java:12005)

at www.ly.com.rxjavademo.MainActivity.onCreate(MainActivity.java:81)

但如果把 onError 放在 onComplete 前面呢？则输出结果为：

onSubscribe

onNext 1

onNext 2

onNext 3

onError

subscribe over

说明onError 之前不能有 onComplete / onError 事件发生。

指定调度线程

Observable.create(new ObservableOnSubscribe() {

@Override

public void subscribe(ObservableEmitter emitter) throws Exception {

emitter.onNext("1");

emitter.onNext("2");

emitter.onNext("3");

emitter.onNext("4");

emitter.onNext("5");

XLog.d("subscribe over");

}

})

.subscribeOn(Schedulers.newThread())

.observeOn(AndroidSchedulers.mainThread())

.subscribe(new Observer() {

@Override

public void onSubscribe(Disposable d) {

XLog.d("onSubscribe ");

}

@Override

public void onNext(String s) {

XLog.d("onNext " + s);

}

@Override

public void onError(Throwable e) {

XLog.d("onError ");

}

@Override

public void onComplete() {

XLog.d("onComplete ");

}

});

输出结果：被观察者在新的线程中执行发送事件，观察者在Android主线程中接收事件

Thread: main

onSubscribe

Thread: RxNewThreadScheduler-1

subscribe over

Thread: main

onNext 1

Thread: main

onNext 2

Thread: main

onNext 3

Thread: main

onNext 4

Thread: main

onNext 5

压力测试

被观察者限制快速发送数据，观察察者每休息 5 秒钟处理一个 onNext 事件

Observable.create(new ObservableOnSubscribe() {

@Override

public void subscribe(ObservableEmitter emitter) throws Exception {

int i = 0;

for (;;) {

emitter.onNext("send " + (i++));

}

}

})

.subscribeOn(Schedulers.io())

.observeOn(AndroidSchedulers.mainThread())

.subscribe(new Observer() {

@Override

public void onSubscribe(Disposable d) {

XLog.d("onSubscribe ");

}

@Override

public void onNext(String s) {

XLog.d("onNext " + s);

try {

Thread.sleep(5000);

} catch (InterruptedException e) {

e.printStackTrace();

}

}

@Override

public void onError(Throwable e) {

XLog.d("onError ");

}

@Override

public void onComplete() {

XLog.d("onComplete ");

}

});

输出结果：内存溢出！！！在RxJava2中Observable是不支持背压的

09-22 13:36:52.613 20160-20169/www.ly.com.rxjavademo W/art: Throwing OutOfMemoryError "Failed to allocate a 28 byte allocation with 1864 free bytes and 1864B until OOM; failed due to fragmentation (required continguous free 4096 bytes for a new buffer where largest contiguous free 0 bytes)" (recursive case)

总结

正常情况下事件会按照预期逐个由被观察者发送给观察者

理论上来说，onComplete 和 onError 是互斥的，我们应该控制其只发送一个

onComplete / onError 一旦发送，被观察者还会继续发送事件，但观察者将不会再接收到任何事件

onComplete 可以发送多次，以收到第一次为结束，且不会有异常

onError 只能被发送一次，并且不能在有 onComplete 之后再发送 onError ，否则会报 UndeliverableException

被观察者发送事件的速度远远超过观察者处理的速度，最终会造成 OOM。原因是 Observable 不支持背压。