python中如何输入矩阵,如何在Python中输入矩阵（二维列表）？

I tried to create this code to input an m by n matrix. I intended to input [[1,2,3],[4,5,6]] but the code yields [[4,5,6],[4,5,6]. Same things happen when I input other m by n matrix, the code yields an m by n matrix whose rows are identical.

Perhaps you can help me to find what is wrong with my code.

m = int(input('number of rows, m = '))

n = int(input('number of columns, n = '))

matrix = []; columns = []

# initialize the number of rows

for i in range(0,m):

matrix += [0]

# initialize the number of columns

for j in range (0,n):

columns += [0]

# initialize the matrix

for i in range (0,m):

matrix[i] = columns

for i in range (0,m):

for j in range (0,n):

print ('entry in row: ',i+1,' column: ',j+1)

matrix[i][j] = int(input())

print (matrix)

解决方案

The problem is on the initialization step.

for i in range (0,m):

matrix[i] = columns

This code actually makes every row of your matrix refer to the same columns object. If any item in any column changes - every other column will change:

>>> for i in range (0,m):

... matrix[i] = columns

...

>>> matrix

[[0, 0, 0], [0, 0, 0]]

>>> matrix[1][1] = 2

>>> matrix

[[0, 2, 0], [0, 2, 0]]

You can initialize your matrix in a nested loop, like this:

matrix = []

for i in range(0,m):

matrix.append([])

for j in range(0,n):

matrix[i].append(0)

or, in a one-liner by using list comprehension:

matrix = [[0 for j in range(n)] for i in range(m)]

or:

matrix = [x[:] for x in [[0]*n]*m]

See also:

Hope that helps.