WLS2Linux 子系统(二)

WLS2Linux 子系统编译 Openwrt

上一篇文章中讲解 windows 安装 WSL2Linux 子系统的简单安装过程。如今有了 WSL 子系统可以完成很多以前不能完成的事，例如编译源代码、转换音视频、转换文档格式(pdf 转 word，word 转 md，word 转 html)，定制私有 OpenWRT 路由器等。说到这个系统比较陌生，提到路由器生活中处处可见，二者联系—路由器基于openwrt 开发。
此篇文章详解 如何从源码编译 OpenWRT 文件系统。

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提示：WSL2Linux 编译 Openwrt，下一篇 WSL2Linux 编译 uboot。

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1. 编译OpenWRT 准备

wsl2 install library

sudo apt update
sudo apt-get install build-essential subversion libncurses5-dev zlib1g-dev gawk gcc-multilib flex git-core gettext libssl-dev unzip python -y

获取 openwrt 源码

获取代码尽量在 WSL 根目录下, 否则被win10访问权限被篡改

# openwrt source
# https://git.openwrt.org/openwrt/openwrt.git
# https://github.com/openwrt/openwrt.git
git clone https://git.openwrt.org/openwrt/openwrt.git
# 因网络异常导致下载失败，重新下载即可
git checkout -t origin/openwrt-21.02
# git end of EOF

2. 开启 OpenWRT 编译踩坑

a) 配置编译选项

cd ~/openwrt
./scripts/feeds update -a #更新组件
./scripts/feeds install -a #安装组件
make menuconfig -j1 V=99

看到编译配置界面，根据自己设备型号配置相关属性。
以树梅派4B 为例子构建 openwrt

# 必选配置
Target System -> Broadcom BCM27xx
Subtarget -> BCM2711 boards (64 bit)
Target Profile -> Raspberry Pi 4B

# 镜像参数
Target Images -> ext4		# ext4格式的固件可方便地调整分区大小
Target Images -> squashfs	# squashfs格式的固件可恢复出厂设置
Target Images -> Kernel partition size = 64		# boot分区大小为64M
Target Images -> Root filesystem partition size = 1024	# root分区大小为1024M

# 可选工具
Base system -> block-mount	# 在LuCI界面添加<挂载点>菜单
Base system -> blockd		# 自动挂载设备
Base system -> wireless-tools	# 无线扩展工具
Administration -> htop		# 添加htop命令
Administration -> netatop		# 添加netatop命令
Firmware -> Broadcom Bcm43455 # 选择需要的网卡固件,4B板载 bcm43455

# 文件系统
Kernel modules -> Filesystems -> kmod-fs-ext4
Kernel modules -> Filesystems -> kmod-fs-ntfs
Kernel modules -> Filesystems -> kmod-fs-squashfs
Kernel modules -> Filesystems -> kmod-fs-vfat
Kernel modules -> Filesystems -> kmod-fuse
Kernel modules -> Filesystems -> kmod-fs-nfs #nfs client
Kernel modules -> Filesystems -> kmod-fs-nfsd #nfs server

# 网卡支持
Kernel modules -> Network Devices -> kmod-xxx # 有线网卡支持，按需添加
Kernel modules -> USB Support -> kmod-usb-net-rtl8150	# 添加USB 有线网卡 RTL8150/2 驱动
Kernel modules -> USB Support -> kmod-usb-net-sr9700	# 添加USB2.0的有线网卡SR9700驱动
Kernel modules -> USB Support -> kmod-usb-net-asix	# 添加支持亚信的有线网卡驱动
Kernel modules -> USB Support -> kmod-usb-net-asix-ax88179  # 添加USB3.0的有线网卡AX88179芯片的驱动
Kernel modules -> USB Support -> kmod-usb-serail-ch341 #ch341 串口驱动
Kernel modules -> USB Support -> kmod-usb-serail-cp210x #cp210x驱动
Kernel modules -> USB Support -> kmod-usb-serail-ftdi # ft232 ft32 驱动支持

# USB支持
Kernel modules -> USB Support -> kmod-usb-core		# 启用USB支持
Kernel modules -> USB Support -> kmod-usb-hid		# USB键鼠支持
Kernel modules -> USB Support -> kmod-usb-ohci		# 添加OHCI支持
Kernel modules -> USB Support -> kmod-usb-uhci		# 添加UHCI支持
Kernel modules -> USB Support -> kmod-usb-storage	# 启用USB存储
Kernel modules -> USB Support -> kmod-usb-storage-extras
Kernel modules -> USB Support -> kmod-usb-usb2		# 开启USB2支持
Kernel modules -> USB Support -> kmod-usb-usb3		# 开启USB3支持

# LuCI设置
LuCI -> Collections -> luci				# 开启luci
LuCI -> Modules -> Translations	-> Chinese Simplified (zh_Hans) # 简体中文支持
LuCI -> Themes -> luci-theme-openwrt-2020	# 添加主题

# LuCI应用
LuCI -> Applications -> luci-app-aria2			# 下载工具
LuCI -> Applications -> luci-app-firewall		# 防 火 墙
LuCI -> Applications -> luci-app-hd-idle		# 硬盘休眠
LuCI -> Applications -> luci-app-opkg			# 软 件 包
LuCI -> Applications -> luci-app-qos			# 服务质量
LuCI -> Applications -> luci-app-samba4			# 网络共享
LuCI -> Applications -> luci-app-frpc			# 内网穿透
LuCI -> Applications -> luci-app-shadowsocks-libev	# 翻墙软件
LuCI -> Applications -> luci-app-upnp			# UPnP服务
LuCI -> Applications -> luci-app-wol			# 网络唤醒

# 其他工具
Network -> Download Manager -> ariang	# Aria2管理页面
Network -> File Transfer -> Aria2 Configuration -> ***	# 选择Aria2支持的功能
Network -> File Transfer -> curl	# 添加curl命令
Network -> File Transfer -> wget	# 添加wget命令
Utilities -> Compression -> bsdtar	# tar打包工具
Utilities -> Compression -> gzip	# GZ 压缩套件
Utilities -> Compression -> xz-utils	# XZ 压缩套件
Utilities -> Compression -> unzip	# zip解压工具
Utilities -> Compression -> zip		# zip压缩工具
Utilities -> Disc -> fdisk		# 磁盘分区工具
Utilities -> Disc -> lsblk		# 磁盘查看工具
Utilities -> Editors -> vim		# vim编辑器
Utilities -> Filesystem -> ntfs-3g	# NTFS读写支持
Utilities -> Filesystem -> resize2fs	# 分区大小调整
Utilities -> Terminal -> screen		# 添加screen
Utilities -> pciutils			# 添加lspci命令
Utilities -> usbutils			# 添加lsusb命令

# IPv6支持
Global build settings -> Enable IPv6 support in packages	# 启用IPv6项
Network -> odhcp6c						# IPv6客户端
Network -> odhcpd-ipv6only					# IPv6服务端
Network -> Firewall -> ip6tables				# IPv6防火墙
LuCI -> Protocols -> luci-proto-ipv6			# WebUI支持

文件夹 files/etc/config 创建 network 与 wireless 网卡配置文件。

# network config
config wifi-device 'radio0'
       option type 'mac80211'
       option channel '36'
       option hwmode '11a'
       option path 'platform/soc/fe300000.mmcnr/mmc_host/mmc1/mmc1:0001/mmc1:00
01:1'
       option htmode 'VHT40'

config wifi-iface 'default_radio0'
        option device 'radio0'
        option mode 'ap'
        option encryption 'none'
        option ssid 'RPI4'
        option network 'lan'

# wireless config
config wifi-device 'radio0'
       option type 'mac80211'
       option channel '36'
       option hwmode '11a'
       option path 'platform/soc/fe300000.mmcnr/mmc_host/mmc1/mmc1:0001/mmc1:00
01:1'
       option htmode 'VHT40'

config wifi-iface 'default_radio0'
        option device 'radio0'
        option mode 'ap'
        option encryption 'none'
        option ssid 'RPI4'
        option network 'lan'

b) 编译固件

开机相关代码包下载

make download -j4 V=s

火力全开编译

make -j12 V=99

编译完成生成固件几种固件

ls bin/targets/bcm27xx/bcm2711/openwrt-bcm27xx-bcm2711-rpi-4*    
bin/targets/bcm27xx/bcm2711/openwrt-bcm27xx-bcm2711-rpi-4-ext4-factory.img.gz
bin/targets/bcm27xx/bcm2711/openwrt-bcm27xx-bcm2711-rpi-4-ext4-sysupgrade.img.gz
bin/targets/bcm27xx/bcm2711/openwrt-bcm27xx-bcm2711-rpi-4-squashfs-factory.img.gz
bin/targets/bcm27xx/bcm2711/openwrt-bcm27xx-bcm2711-rpi-4-squashfs-sysupgrade.img.gz

#切换系统环境变量 再执行编译命令

source /etc/environment

编译过程出错误

• 使用 root 权限编译错误提示

you should not run configure as root (set FORCE_UNSAFE_CONFIGURE=1 in environment to bypass this check

方法一：强制在不安全模式下编译

make FORCE_UNSAFE_CONFIGURE=1 -j1 V=s

方法二： 保存刚在配置文件，改用普通用户重新下载代码 初始化刚刚的配置文件继续编译

• libsoncpp-dev missing

fatal error: json/json.h: No such file or directory

安装 相关库既可以解决

sudo apt-get install libjsoncpp-dev
sudo ln -s /usr/include/jsoncpp/json/ /usr/include/json

如需重新编译可选择如下几种方式：
make clean -j4 #清除 bin
make dirclean -j4 #清除 toolchain bin
make distclean -4 #清除 config feed package 等文件

c) 刷机

编译完成 生成固件路径

ls `~/openwrt/bin/targets/bcm27xx/bcm2711/`
bin/targets/bcm27xx/bcm2711/openwrt-bcm27xx-bcm2711-rpi-4-ext4-factory.img.gz
bin/targets/bcm27xx/bcm2711/openwrt-bcm27xx-bcm2711-rpi-4-ext4-sysupgrade.img.gz
bin/targets/bcm27xx/bcm2711/openwrt-bcm27xx-bcm2711-rpi-4-squashfs-factory.img.gz
bin/targets/bcm27xx/bcm2711/openwrt-bcm27xx-bcm2711-rpi-4-squashfs-sysupgrade.img.gz

选 ext4 格式镜像文件，制作成 sd 卡启动；上TF卡开机测试
login IP： 192.168.1.1
login user: root
login passwd: password

Tips:
想单独编译某个插件，然后手动安装；编译后生成文件路径

ls ~/openwrt/bin/packages/aarch64_cortex-a72/packages/
Packages                                              libexpat_2.2.10-1_aarch64_cortex-a72.ipk
Packages.gz                                           libgnutls_3.7.1-1_aarch64_cortex-a72.ipk
Packages.manifest                                     libtasn1_4.16.0-1_aarch64_cortex-a72.ipk
Packages.sig                                          libtirpc_1.3.2-1_aarch64_cortex-a72.ipk
aria2_1.35.0-4_aarch64_cortex-a72.ipk                 liburing_0.7-1_aarch64_cortex-a72.ipk
attr_2.4.48-2_aarch64_cortex-a72.ipk                  netatop_3.1-1_aarch64_cortex-a72.ipk
......

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总结

人生贵在生生不息，今天分享折腾路由器方法你 get 到没！