php深层理论知识太浅,php之对象浅复制、深复制

变量有值传递和引用传递，其实，对象也类似如此，所以，对象有浅复制和深复制之说。

浅复制

class cat{

public $name;

public $age;

public function __construct($name,$age){

$this->name = $name;

$this->age = $age;

}

}

$obj1 = new cat('dog',12);

$obj2 = $obj1;

var_dump($obj1);

echo "
";

echo "
";

var_dump($obj2);

?>

我们把

obj2，这时输出如下

Paste_Image.png

可以看到他们有共同的数据，name全部变成了dog，也就是说明了，它们公用了一个空间，可以看成

obj1的一个引用，所以这是一个浅复制。

深复制:

通过一个clone关键词来实现，如下：

class cat{

public $name;

public $age;

public function __construct($name,$age){

$this->name = $name;

$this->age = $age;

}

}

$obj1 = new cat('cat',12);

$obj2 = clone $obj1;

$obj2->name = 'dog';

var_dump($obj1);

echo "
";

echo "
";

var_dump($obj2);

?>

如下显示

Paste_Image.png

可以看出，

obj1的复制，而不会影响到原先 $obj1的值，这就是一个深复制。

注意:

1、当对象中的属性是reference时，再对对象使用clone复制时，不会产生作用，还是浅复制

来看一个例子，如下:

class cat{

public $name;

}

$name = 'cat';

$obj1 = new cat();

$obj1->name = &$name; //引用

$obj2 = clone $obj1;

$obj2->name = 'dog';

var_dump($obj1);

echo "
";

echo "
";

var_dump($obj2);

?>

输入如下

Paste_Image.png

__clone

__clone是php提供实现深复制的一个魔术方法，当对象通过clone进行复制时，会自动调用__clone魔术方法，看以下两个例子:

class cat{

public $name;

public $age;

public function __construct($name,$age){

$this->name = $name;

$this->age = $age;

}

}

class dog{

public $name;

public $obj;

}

$obj1 = new dog();

$obj1->name = "dog";

$obj1->obj = new cat('cat',15);

$obj2 = clone $obj1;

var_dump($obj1);

echo "
";

echo "
";

echo "
";

var_dump($obj2);

echo "
";

echo "
";

echo "
";

$obj2->name = 'row';

$obj2->obj->age = 10;

var_dump($obj1);

echo "
";

echo "
";

echo "
";

var_dump($obj2);

echo "
";

echo "
";

echo "
";

?>

输出如下

Paste_Image.png

当通过 clone 把

obj2时，对

obj1和$obj2的数据被同时修改了，clone并没有实现真正的深复制。这时可以通过__clone来实现深复制，如下:

public $name;

public $age;

public function __construct($name,$age){

$this->name = $name;

$this->age = $age;

}

}

class dog{

public $name;

public $obj;

public function __clone(){//实现深复制

$this->obj = clone $this->obj;

}

}

$obj1 = new dog();

$obj1->name = "dog";

$obj1->obj = new cat('cat',15);

$obj2 = clone $obj1;

var_dump($obj1);

echo "
";

echo "
";

echo "
";

var_dump($obj2);

echo "
";

echo "
";

echo "
";

$obj2->name = 'row';

$obj2->obj->age = 10;

var_dump($obj1);

echo "
";

echo "
";

echo "
";

var_dump($obj2);

echo "
";

echo "
";

echo "
";

?>

输出如下

Paste_Image.png