java spi 详解_java spi（service provider interface）示例与原理解析

java spi(service provider interface)示例与原理解析

目的提供服务注册与发现，让功能的使用方和提供方解耦

示例

1.提供接口package com.yemin.service;

public interface Animals {

public void run();

public void eat();

}

2.实现接口接口1package com.yemin.serviceImpl;

import com.yemin.service.Animals;

public class Cat implements Animals {

static {

System.out.println("hello world cat");

}

@Override

public void run() {

System.out.println("cat is running");

}

@Override

public void eat() {

System.out.println("cat is eating");

}

}接口2package com.yemin.serviceImpl;

import com.yemin.service.Animals;

public class Dog implements Animals {

static {

System.out.println("hello world dog");

}

@Override

public void run() {

System.out.println("dog is running");

}

@Override

public void eat() {

System.out.println("dog is eating");

}

}

3.注册接口与实现创建要注册接口的目录文件

resourcesMETA-INFservicescom.yemin.service.Animals文件内放入具体实现,选择需要的实现com.yemin.serviceImpl.Cat

com.yemin.serviceImpl.Dog

4.使用服务在其他模块引用该模块依赖，或者打成jar包给其他项目使用public static void main(String[] args) {

ServiceLoader animalsIterator = ServiceLoader.load(Animals.class);

for (Animals a:animalsIterator){

System.out.println(a);

}

}

原理ServiceLoader.load(Animals.class)

new ServiceLoader<>(service, loader)

reload()

lookupIterator = new LazyIterator(service, loader);

ServiceLoader寻找"META-INF/services/"下的接口实例private static final String PREFIX = "META-INF/services/";

LazyIterator 每次获取下一个元素的时候，加载并实例化对象private S nextService() {

if (!hasNextService())

throw new NoSuchElementException();

String cn = nextName;

nextName = null;

Class> c = null;

try {

c = Class.forName(cn, false, loader);

} catch (ClassNotFoundException x) {

fail(service,

"Provider " + cn + " not found");

}

if (!service.isAssignableFrom(c)) {

fail(service,

"Provider " + cn + " not a subtype");

}

try {

S p = service.cast(c.newInstance());

providers.put(cn, p);

return p;

} catch (Throwable x) {

fail(service,

"Provider " + cn + " could not be instantiated",

x);

}

throw new Error(); // This cannot happen

}