linux新硬盘的分区,Linux下添加新硬盘,分区及挂载

1：查看挂载好的硬盘

[root@localhost ~]# fdisk -l

#-------------- 第一块硬盘 /dev/xvda --------------------------

Disk /dev/xvda: 214.7 GB, 214748364800 bytes

255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 26108 cylinders

Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes

Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes

I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes

Disk identifier: 0x000af342

Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System

/dev/xvda1 * 1 64 512000 83 Linux

Partition 1 does not end on cylinder boundary.

/dev/xvda2 64 26109 209202176 8e Linux LVM

Disk /dev/xvdd: 118 MB, 118593536 bytes

255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 14 cylinders

Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes

Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes

I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes

Disk identifier: 0x00000000

Disk /dev/mapper/VolGroup-lv_root: 53.7 GB, 53687091200 bytes

255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 6527 cylinders

Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes

Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes

I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes

Disk identifier: 0x00000000

Disk /dev/mapper/VolGroup-lv_swap: 2113 MB, 2113929216 bytes

255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 257 cylinders

Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes

Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes

I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes

Disk identifier: 0x00000000

Disk /dev/mapper/VolGroup-lv_home: 158.4 GB, 158418862080 bytes

255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 19259 cylinders

Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes

Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes

I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes

Disk identifier: 0x00000000

#-------------- 第二块硬盘 /dev/xvdb --------------------------

Disk /dev/xvdb: 53.7 GB, 53687091200 bytes

255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 6527 cylinders

Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes

Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes

I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes

Disk identifier: 0x00000000

#-------------- 第三块硬盘 /dev/xvdc --------------------------

Disk /dev/xvdc: 63.4 GB, 63350767616 bytes

255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 7701 cylinders

Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes

Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes

I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes

Disk identifier: 0x00000000

2：硬盘分区

上面很清楚，是三块硬盘。

第一块已经在使用了，第二，第三块还为分区。那我们下面来格式化(格式化命令： fdisk 挂载盘)

#fdisk /dev/xvdb 格式化这块硬盘

[root@localhost ~]# fdisk /dev/xvdb

Device contains neither a valid DOS partition table, nor Sun, SGI or OSF disklabel

Building a new DOS disklabel with disk identifier 0x40a24247.

Changes will remain in memory only, until you decide to write them.

After that, of course, the previous content won't be recoverable.

Warning: invalid flag 0x0000 of partition table 4 will be corrected by w(rite)

WARNING: DOS-compatible mode is deprecated. It's strongly recommended to

switch off the mode (command 'c') and change display units to

sectors (command 'u').

# fdisk 如果你不熟悉的话，就输入m，就是menu的意思。所有的fdisk命令尽收眼底

Command (m for help): m

Command action

a toggle a bootable flag

b edit bsd disklabel

c toggle the dos compatibility flag

d delete a partition

l list known partition types

m print this menu

n add a new partition

o create a new empty DOS partition table

p print the partition table

q quit without saving changes

s create a new empty Sun disklabel

t change a partition's system id

u change display/entry units

v verify the partition table

w write table to disk and exit

x extra functionality (experts only)

#对照上面 我是想新增一个分区

Command (m for help): n

Command action

e extended

p primary partition (1-4)

#主分区我已经有了，这里我就做逻辑分区吧。

e

#这里没有什么意思，就是分几个区，每个区大小事多少。我这里就一个区，大小全部。具体操作见下面

Partition number (1-4): 1

First cylinder (1-6527, default 1):

Using default value 1

Last cylinder, +cylinders or +size{K,M,G} (1-6527, default 6527):

Using default value 6527

#其实到这里，分区并没完成。 需要写入。 这里w 对照上面的菜单看

Command (m for help): w

The partition table has been altered!

Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table.

Syncing disks.

# 不用说了，到此已经创建完成了。

比较一下分区前后的硬盘信息 还是用fdisk -l

#这里是分区前的信息

Disk /dev/xvdc: 63.4 GB, 63350767616 bytes

255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 7701 cylinders

Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes

Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes

I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes

Disk identifier: 0x00000000

# 这里是分区后的信息

Disk /dev/xvdb: 53.7 GB, 53687091200 bytes

255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 6527 cylinders

Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes

Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes

I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes

Disk identifier: 0x40a24247

Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System

/dev/xvdb1 1 6527 52428096 5 Extended

3：格式化分区

输入fdisk -l 查看以前的新创建的分区。 然后用mkfs -t ext3 -c [新分区] 进行格式化。

#查询硬盘上的分区

Disk /dev/xvdc: 63.4 GB, 63350767616 bytes

255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 7701 cylinders

Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes

Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes

I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes

Disk identifier: 0x210fa633

Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System

/dev/xvdc1 1 7701 61858251 83 Linux

格式化/dev/xvdc1

[root@localhost ~]# mkfs -t ext3 -c /dev/xvdc1

mke2fs 1.41.12 (17-May-2010)

Filesystem label=

OS type: Linux

Block size=4096 (log=2)

Fragment size=4096 (log=2)

Stride=0 blocks, Stripe width=0 blocks

3866624 inodes, 15464562 blocks

773228 blocks (5.00%) reserved for the super user

First data block=0

Maximum filesystem blocks=4294967296

472 block groups

32768 blocks per group, 32768 fragments per group

8192 inodes per group

Superblock backups stored on blocks:

32768, 98304, 163840, 229376, 294912, 819200, 884736, 1605632, 2654208,

4096000, 7962624, 11239424

Checking for bad blocks (read-only test): done

Writing inode tables: done

Creating journal (32768 blocks): done

Writing superblocks and filesystem accounting information: done

This filesystem will be automatically checked every 25 mounts or

180 days, whichever comes first. Use tune2fs -c or -i to override.

4：挂载

我们现在来看一下硬盘的目录信息 df -h

[root@localhost ~]# df -h

Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on

/dev/mapper/VolGroup-lv_root

50G 1.1G 46G 3% /

tmpfs 497M 0 497M 0% /dev/shm

/dev/xvda1 485M 32M 428M 7% /boot

/dev/mapper/VolGroup-lv_home

146G 3.4G 135G 3% /home

挂载：

将/dev/xvdc1 挂载到 /disk2 下

[root@localhost /]# mkdir /disk2

[root@localhost /]# mount /dev/xvdc1 /disk2

我们现在再来看一下硬盘的目录信息

[root@localhost /]# df -h

Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on

/dev/mapper/VolGroup-lv_root

50G 1.1G 46G 3% /

tmpfs 497M 0 497M 0% /dev/shm

/dev/xvda1 485M 32M 428M 7% /boot

/dev/mapper/VolGroup-lv_home

146G 3.4G 135G 3% /home

/dev/xvdc1 59G 180M 55G 1% /disk2

到此挂载就完成了。如果你重启机器以后，你会发现。disk2的目录又没了。不得重新挂载一次；当然这个肯定不是长久的解决方法

[root@localhost /]# vi /etc/fstab

增加一行：

/dev/xvdc1/disk2ext3defaults0 0

现在才真正的完成了。