python提取图片轮廓的原理_python – 用于提取轮廓的骨架化图像中的问...

你需要逆转白色&黑色,并通过调用cv2.dilate填充所有的洞：

import numpy as np

import cv2

img = cv2.imread("e_5.jpg",0)

size = np.size(img)

skel = np.zeros(img.shape,np.uint8)

ret,img = cv2.threshold(img,127,255,0)

element = cv2.getStructuringElement(cv2.MORPH_CROSS,(3,3))

img = 255 - img

img = cv2.dilate(img, element, iterations=3)

done = False

while( not done):

eroded = cv2.erode(img,element)

temp = cv2.dilate(eroded,element)

temp = cv2.subtract(img,temp)

skel = cv2.bitwise_or(skel,temp)

img = eroded.copy()

zeros = size - cv2.countNonZero(img)

if zeros==size:

done = True

结果如下：

但是,结果并不好,因为存在很多差距.以下算法更好,它使用scipy.ndimage.morphology中的函数：

import scipy.ndimage.morphology as m

import numpy as np

import cv2

def skeletonize(img):

h1 = np.array([[0, 0, 0],[0, 1, 0],[1, 1, 1]])

m1 = np.array([[1, 1, 1],[0, 0, 0],[0, 0, 0]])

h2 = np.array([[0, 0, 0],[1, 1, 0],[0, 1, 0]])

m2 = np.array([[0, 1, 1],[0, 0, 1],[0, 0, 0]])

hit_list = []

miss_list = []

for k in range(4):

hit_list.append(np.rot90(h1, k))

hit_list.append(np.rot90(h2, k))

miss_list.append(np.rot90(m1, k))

miss_list.append(np.rot90(m2, k))

img = img.copy()

while True:

last = img

for hit, miss in zip(hit_list, miss_list):

hm = m.binary_hit_or_miss(img, hit, miss)

img = np.logical_and(img, np.logical_not(hm))

if np.all(img == last):

break

return img

img = cv2.imread("e_5.jpg",0)

ret,img = cv2.threshold(img,127,255,0)

element = cv2.getStructuringElement(cv2.MORPH_CROSS,(3,3))

img = 255 - img

img = cv2.dilate(img, element, iterations=3)

skel = skeletonize(img)

imshow(skel, cmap="gray", interpolation="nearest")

结果是：