java状态模式理解,状态模式之java实现

序

事物的发展总是伴随着状态的转换，犹如人会经历婴幼儿到青壮年。四季一年，有春的盎然，夏的炽烈，秋的多彩，冬的洁白。第三篇就从这可爱的四季开始吧。

状态模式的核心：允许对象在内部状态发生改变时改变它的行为，对象看起来好像修改了它的类。

优点：封装了转换规则。缺点：状态类之间的耦合性比较强。

实现

上下文管理类

public class Context

{

private State curState;

public void process(int month)

{

this.curState.handle(month, this);

}

public void setState(State newState)

{

this.curState = newState;

}

}

状态接口类

public interface State

{

public void handle(int age, Context ctx);

}

具体实现类

春

public class Spring implements State

{

@Override public void handle(int month, Context ctx)

{

System.out.println("Spring: Green");

if(month >= SeasonDefine.SUMMER_BEGIN_MONTH - 1)

{

System.out.println("Change State: Spring -> Summer, Sweet Flower and SunShine");

ctx.setState(new Summer());

}

}

}

夏

public class Summer implements State{

@Override

public void handle(int month, Context ctx)

{

System.out.println("Summer: Red");

if(month >= SeasonDefine.AUTUMN_BEGIN_MONTH - 1)

{

System.out.println("Change State: Summer -> Autumn, Bright Colors"); ctx.setState(new Autumn());

}

}

}

秋

public class Autumn implements State

{

@Override

public void handle(int month, Context ctx)

{

System.out.println("autumn, yellow");

if(month >= SeasonDefine.WINNER_BEGIN_MONTH - 1)

{

System.out.println("Change State: Autumn -> Winner, magic snow world"); ctx.setState(new Winner());

}

}

}

冬

public class Winner implements State

{

@Override

public void handle(int month, Context ctx)

{

System.out.println("Winner, White");

if(month >= SeasonDefine.WINNER_OVER_MONTH)

{

System.out.println("Change State: Winnder -> Spring, Happy New Year"); ctx.setState(new Spring());

}

}

}

测试

public class StatePatternDemo

{

public static void main(String[] args)

{

Context ctx = new Context();

ctx.setState(new Spring());

for(int month = 1; month <= 12; month++)

{

System.out.println("month : " + month);

ctx.process(month);

}

}

}

附

public class SeasonDefine

{

public static final int SPRING_BEGIN_MONTH = 1;

public static final int SUMMER_BEGIN_MONTH = 4;

public static final int AUTUMN_BEGIN_MONTH = 7;

public static final int WINNER_BEGIN_MONTH = 10;

public static final int WINNER_OVER_MONTH = 12;

}