操作系统：18、线程同步之条件变量

条件变量

• 条件变量是一种相对复杂的线程同步方法
• 允许线程睡眠，直到满足某种条件
• 当条件满足时，可以向该线程信号，通知唤醒

生产者消费者代码实例：

#include <stdlib.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <vector>
#include <queue>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <pthread.h>

int MAX_BUF = 100;
int num = 0;

pthread_cond_t cond = PTHREAD_COND_INITIALIZER;
pthread_mutex_t mutex = PTHREAD_MUTEX_INITIALIZER;

//生产者
void* producer(void*){
	while(true){
		pthread_mutex_lock(&mutex);
		while( num >= MAX_BUF){
			pthread_cond_wait(&cond, &mutex);
			printf("缓冲区满了，等待消费者消费...\n");
		}
		num += 1;
		printf("生产一个产品，当前产品数量为：%d\n", num);
		sleep(1);
		pthread_cond_signal(&cond);
		printf("通知消费者...\n");
		pthread_mutex_unlock(&mutex);
		sleep(1);
	}
}

//消费者
void* consumer(void*){
	while(true){
		pthread_mutex_lock(&mutex);
		while(num <= 0){
			pthread_cond_wait(&cond, &mutex);
			printf("缓冲区空了，等待生产者生产...\n");
		}
		num -= 1;
		pthread_cond_signal(&cond);
		printf("通知生产者...\n");
		printf("消费了一个产品，当前产品数量为：%d\n", num);
		sleep(1);
		pthread_mutex_unlock(&mutex);
	}
}

int main(){
	pthread_t thread1, thread2;
	pthread_create(&thread1, NULL, &consumer, NULL);
	pthread_create(&thread2, NULL, &producer, NULL);
	pthread_join(thread1, NULL);
	pthread_join(thread2, NULL);
	return 0;
}