chararray遍历_使用指针循环遍历数组

The following program in C++ prints more output than I expected. Can anyone explain why this has happened? The program attempts to use pointers to loop through the integer array, printing each value along the way.

#include

using namespace std;

int main(int argc, char **argv) {

puts("hi");

int ia[5] = {1,2,3,4,5};

for (int *p = ia; *p; ++p) {

printf("Char is: %d\n", *p);

}

return 0;

}

/*

hi

Char is: 1

Char is: 2

Char is: 3

Char is: 4

Char is: 5

Char is: 32767

Char is: -811990796

Char is: -133728064

Char is: 1606416320

Char is: 32767

Char is: -1052593579

Char is: 32767

Program ended with exit code: 0

*/

解决方案

You will need to have a 0/NULL value to stop at, currently you do not.

Your loop condition will allow iteration until you get a value that evaluates to false (i.e 0) and your array does not contain that, so your iteration will continue on past the bounds of the array and will at some point exit when it access some memory its not supposed to.

There are several ways to fix it. You can add a 0 to the end of the array.

#include

using namespace std;

int main(int argc, char **argv) {

puts("hi");

int ia[] = {1,2,3,4,5, 0};

for (int *p = ia; *p; ++p) {

printf("Char is: %d\n", *p);

}

return 0;

}

Issue with this is that you now cant use 0 in your array, or it will terminate early.

A better way would be to pre calculate the address at which to stop, given the array length. This address is one off the end of the array.

#include

using namespace std;

int main(int argc, char **argv) {

puts("hi");

int ia[] = {1,2,3,4,5};

int* end = ia + 5;

for (int *p = ia; p != end; ++p) {

printf("Char is: %d\n", *p);

}

return 0;

}

Now we are getting towards the method used by standard library iterators. Now templates can deduce the size of the array.

i.e.

#include

...

for (auto it = std::begin(ia); it != std::end(ia); ++it) {

printf("Char is: %d\n", *it);

}

...

and finally, range based for also supports arrays.

for (auto i: ia)

{

/* do something */

}