java 网络访问框架_Retrofit+OkHttp+RxJava最流行网络访问框架搭建过程

现在Android开发中最潮流的网络的搭建过程，结构清晰易懂。在这里分享一下搭建的过程.

首先不用多说，肯定是先建立依赖:

//RxJava

compile 'io.reactivex:rxjava:1.1.3'

//RxAndroid

compile 'io.reactivex:rxandroid:1.1.0'

//retrofit

compile 'com.squareup.retrofit2:retrofit:2.0.0'

//retrofit依赖Gson

compile 'com.squareup.retrofit2:converter-gson:2.0.0'

//OkHttp

compile 'com.squareup.okhttp3:okhttp:3.2.0'

//retrofit依赖RxJava

compile 'com.squareup.retrofit2:adapter-rxjava:2.0.0'

Retrofit，OkHttp,RxJava的使用在这里就不多说了，如果不知道可以先去了解一下在来看这篇blog，在这里我使用MVP架构，是使用功能的不同来分包,下图是项目结构图：

包结构.png

然后的有网络访问的服务，先看看Retrofit服务类，设计了一个线程安全的单例模式，增加RxJava和Gson的支持(增加支持必须要有的converter-gson和adapter-rxjava库)：

package com.dhz.presentation.common.api;

import retrofit2.Retrofit;

import retrofit2.adapter.rxjava.RxJavaCallAdapterFactory;

import retrofit2.converter.gson.GsonConverterFactory;

/**

* 服务器Retrofit

* Created by Jelly on 2016/8/12.

*/

public class ApiService {

public static final String ServerPath = "服务器地址"; //服务器接口地址

private static class Instance{

private static Retrofit retrofit = createRetrofit();

}

public static Retrofit getInstance(){

return Instance.retrofit;

}

private static Retrofit createRetrofit(){

if(Instance.retrofit != null) return Instance.retrofit;

Retrofit retrofit = new Retrofit.Builder()

.client(new OkHttpClient()) //OKHttp支持

.baseUrl(ServerPath)

.addCallAdapterFactory(RxJavaCallAdapterFactory.create()) //RxJava支持

.addConverterFactory(GsonConverterFactory.create()) //Gson支持

.build();

return retrofit;

}

}

定义返回的Gson对象，在这里推荐使用Android Studio的插件GsonFormat去生成：

package com.dhz.presentation.cost.bean;

import java.util.List;

/**

*

* Created by Jelly on 2016/8/22.

*/

public class CostList {

/**

* interfaceName : orders_get

* returnStatus : 100

* isSuccess : Y

* data : [{"serial":"1","OrderNo":"O-20160812-00001","InsurancePos":"科技园","LicensePlate":"粤B12345","CreateDate":"2016-08-12 14:51:00","InsuranceDesc":"老司机翻车了","Icon":"http://g.hiphotos.baidu.com/baike/w%3D268/sign=79e453e07c1ed21b79c929e3956fddae/faedab64034f78f0094658e178310a55b3191c57.jpg","OrderStatus":"1"}]

*/

private String interfaceName;

private String returnStatus;

private String isSuccess;

/**

* serial : 1

* OrderNo : O-20160812-00001

* InsurancePos : 科技园

* LicensePlate : 粤B12345

* CreateDate : 2016-08-12 14:51:00

* InsuranceDesc : 老司机翻车了

* Icon : http://g.hiphotos.baidu.com/baike/w%3D268/sign=79e453e07c1ed21b79c929e3956fddae/faedab64034f78f0094658e178310a55b3191c57.jpg

* OrderStatus : 1

*/

private List data;

public String getInterfaceName() {

return interfaceName;

}

public void setInterfaceName(String interfaceName) {

this.interfaceName = interfaceName;

}

public String getReturnStatus() {

return returnStatus;

}

public void setReturnStatus(String returnStatus) {

this.returnStatus = returnStatus;

}

public String getIsSuccess() {

return isSuccess;

}

public void setIsSuccess(String isSuccess) {

this.isSuccess = isSuccess;

}

public List getData() {

return data;

}

public void setData(List data) {

this.data = data;

}

public static class DataEntity {

private String serial;

private String OrderNo;

private String InsurancePos;

private String LicensePlate;

private String CreateDate;

private String InsuranceDesc;

private String Icon;

private String OrderStatus;

public String getSerial() {

return serial;

}

public void setSerial(String serial) {

this.serial = serial;

}

public String getOrderNo() {

return OrderNo;

}

public void setOrderNo(String OrderNo) {

this.OrderNo = OrderNo;

}

public String getInsurancePos() {

return InsurancePos;

}

public void setInsurancePos(String InsurancePos) {

this.InsurancePos = InsurancePos;

}

public String getLicensePlate() {

return LicensePlate;

}

public void setLicensePlate(String LicensePlate) {

this.LicensePlate = LicensePlate;

}

public String getCreateDate() {

return CreateDate;

}

public void setCreateDate(String CreateDate) {

this.CreateDate = CreateDate;

}

public String getInsuranceDesc() {

return InsuranceDesc;

}

public void setInsuranceDesc(String InsuranceDesc) {

this.InsuranceDesc = InsuranceDesc;

}

public String getIcon() {

return Icon;

}

public void setIcon(String Icon) {

this.Icon = Icon;

}

public String getOrderStatus() {

return OrderStatus;

}

public void setOrderStatus(String OrderStatus) {

this.OrderStatus = OrderStatus;

}

}

}

建立Api接口，这里采用Map作为参数，指定Json对象作为泛型参数：

package com.dhz.presentation.cost.api;

import com.dhz.presentation.cost.bean.CostList;

import com.dhz.presentation.cost.bean.CostOrderInfo;

import java.util.Map;

import retrofit2.http.POST;

import retrofit2.http.QueryMap;

import rx.Observable;

/**

* Created by Jelly on 2016/8/22.

*/

public interface CostApi {

@POST("iam_app_cnt_api.do")

Observable CostOrderInfo(@QueryMap Map map);

}

调用方式，在调用的时候converter-gson会自动的把String转换成Json对象，通过RxJava的线程控制指定请求发生在子线程，回调发生在主线程。如果团队支持的话还可以加入lambda，这样代码看起来更简洁：

ApiService.getInstance().create(CostApi.class).CostOrderInfo(Map参数)

.subscribeOn(Schedulers.newThread())

.observeOn(AndroidSchedulers.mainThread())

.subscribe(new Action1() {

@Override

public void call(CostOrderInfo costOrderInfo) {

//请求成功

}

}, new Action1() {

@Override

public void call(Throwable throwable) {

//在这里处理请求失败的情况

}

});

Retrofit不仅仅支持Json格式，还支持下面几种数据解析方式：

Gson: com.squareup.retrofit2:converter-gson

Jackson: com.squareup.retrofit2:converter-jackson

Moshi: com.squareup.retrofit2:converter-moshi

Protobuf: com.squareup.retrofit2:converter-protobuf

Wire: com.squareup.retrofit2:converter-wire

Simple XML: com.squareup.retrofit2:converter-simplexml

Scalars (primitives, boxed, and String): com.squareup.retrofit2:converter-scalars

由于Retrofit非常强大的解耦性和扩展性加上RxJava强大的功能以及OkHttp强大的网络请求功能，这套网络请求的框架是非常实用的,搭建过程也是十分简单。