mysql数据替换恢复_MySQL 5.7 update误操作后数据恢复详解

墨墨导读：本文详述MySQL 5.7 模拟update误操作后进行数据恢复的全过程，希望对大家有帮助。

背景介绍

MySQL目前还没有像Oracle数据库那样强大有闪回的功能，MySQL只能通过挖去binlog日志的方法来获取数据，但是有个前提就是binlog_format必须设置成row。下面通过一个案例来演示。

注意：严禁在生产环境测试

表结构

测试的表结构如下：CREATE TABLE `update_test` (`id` int(10) unsigned NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,`user_id` varchar(20) NOT NULL DEFAULT '',`vote_num` int(10) unsigned NOT NULL DEFAULT '0',`group_id` int(10) unsigned NOT NULL DEFAULT '0',`status` tinyint(2) unsigned NOT NULL DEFAULT '1',`create_time` datetime NOT NULL DEFAULT CURRENT_TIMESTAMP COMMENT '创建时间' ,PRIMARY KEY (`id`),KEY `index_user_id` (`user_id`) USING HASH) ENGINE=InnoDB AUTO_INCREMENT=1 DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8;

修改数据

插入和修改测试数据，对user_id字段的内容进行了修改。insert into update_test (Select * from recordss_memory limit 20);

查看修改前的数据：root@localhost#mysql.sock : tc0110:56:12>select * from update_test;+----+-------------+----------+----------+--------+---------------------+| id | user_id | vote_num | group_id | status | create_time |+----+-------------+----------+----------+--------+---------------------+| 1 | ddddddddddd | 4502 | 2 | 1 | 2020-06-04 11:34:17 || 2 | ddddddddddd | 5564 | 1 | 1 | 2020-06-04 11:34:17 || 3 | ddddddddddd | 3521 | 2 | 1 | 2020-06-04 11:34:17 || 4 | ddddddddddd | 1414 | 0 | 1 | 2020-06-04 11:34:17 || 5 | ddddddddddd | 8047 | 1 | 1 | 2020-06-04 11:34:17 || 6 | ddddddddddd | 5556 | 1 | 1 | 2020-06-04 11:34:17 || 7 | ddddddddddd | 7166 | 1 | 2 | 2020-06-04 11:34:17 || 8 | ddddddddddd | 3277 | 2 | 2 | 2020-06-04 11:34:17 || 9 | ddddddddddd | 8658 | 2 | 1 | 2020-06-04 11:34:17 || 10 | ddddddddddd | 4146 | 0 | 2 | 2020-06-04 11:34:17 || 11 | ddddddddddd | 7906 | 2 | 1 | 2020-06-04 11:34:17 || 12 | ddddddddddd | 512 | 0 | 2 | 2020-06-04 11:34:17 || 13 | ddddddddddd | 7493 | 0 | 1 | 2020-06-04 11:34:17 || 14 | ddddddddddd | 5583 | 1 | 1 | 2020-06-04 11:34:17 || 15 | ddddddddddd | 4273 | 2 | 1 | 2020-06-04 11:34:17 || 16 | ddddddddddd | 1117 | 0 | 1 | 2020-06-04 11:34:17 || 17 | ddddddddddd | 3936 | 2 | 1 | 2020-06-04 11:34:17 || 18 | ddddddddddd | 4735 | 2 | 1 | 2020-06-04 11:34:17 || 19 | ddddddddddd | 2505 | 0 | 1 | 2020-06-04 11:34:17 || 20 | ddddddddddd | 2523 | 2 | 1 | 2020-06-04 11:34:17 |+----+-------------+----------+----------+--------+---------------------+20 rows in set (0.00 sec)root@localhost#mysql.sock : tc0110:56:49>show master logs;+------------------+-----------+| Log_name | File_size |+------------------+-----------+| mysql-bin.000001 | 536871032 || mysql-bin.000002 | 536871341 || mysql-bin.000003 | 197210338 |+------------------+-----------+3 rows in set (0.00 sec)root@localhost#mysql.sock : tc0110:57:29> show binary logs;+------------------+-----------+| Log_name | File_size |+------------------+-----------+| mysql-bin.000001 | 536871032 || mysql-bin.000002 | 536871341 || mysql-bin.000003 | 197210338 |+------------------+-----------+3 rows in set (0.00 sec)root@localhost#mysql.sock : tc0110:57:54> update update_test set user_id='ture';root@localhost#mysql.sock : tc0110:59:05>select * from update_test;+----+---------+----------+----------+--------+---------------------+| id | user_id | vote_num | group_id | status | create_time |+----+---------+----------+----------+--------+---------------------+| 1 | ture | 4502 | 2 | 1 | 2020-06-04 11:34:17 || 2 | ture | 5564 | 1 | 1 | 2020-06-04 11:34:17 || 3 | ture | 3521 | 2 | 1 | 2020-06-04 11:34:17 || 4 | ture | 1414 | 0 | 1 | 2020-06-04 11:34:17 || 5 | ture | 8047 | 1 | 1 | 2020-06-04 11:34:17 || 6 | ture | 5556 | 1 | 1 | 2020-06-04 11:34:17 || 7 | ture | 7166 | 1 | 2 | 2020-06-04 11:34:17 || 8 | ture | 3277 | 2 | 2 | 2020-06-04 11:34:17 || 9 | ture | 8658 | 2 | 1 | 2020-06-04 11:34:17 || 10 | ture | 4146 | 0 | 2 | 2020-06-04 11:34:17 || 11 | ture | 7906 | 2 | 1 | 2020-06-04 11:34:17 || 12 | ture | 512 | 0 | 2 | 2020-06-04 11:34:17 || 13 | ture | 7493 | 0 | 1 | 2020-06-04 11:34:17 || 14 | ture | 5583 | 1 | 1 | 2020-06-04 11:34:17 || 15 | ture | 4273 | 2 | 1 | 2020-06-04 11:34:17 || 16 | ture | 1117 | 0 | 1 | 2020-06-04 11:34:17 || 17 | ture | 3936 | 2 | 1 | 2020-06-04 11:34:17 || 18 | ture | 4735 | 2 | 1 | 2020-06-04 11:34:17 || 19 | ture | 2505 | 0 | 1 | 2020-06-04 11:34:17 || 20 | ture | 2523 | 2 | 1 | 2020-06-04 11:34:17 |+----+---------+----------+----------+--------+---------------------+20 rows in set (0.00 sec)root@localhost#mysql.sock : tc0110:59:11>show binary logs;+------------------+-----------+| Log_name | File_size |+------------------+-----------+| mysql-bin.000001 | 536871032 || mysql-bin.000002 | 536871341 || mysql-bin.000003 | 197211765 |+------------------+-----------+3 rows in set (0.00 sec)

挖取binlog日志

通过mysqlbinlog命令来查看修改的内容。/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqlbinlog --no-defaults -v -v --base64-output=DECODE-ROWS mysql-bin.000003 | grep -B 15 'ture'| more

内容如下# at 197210475#200610 10:59:05 server id 1023306 end_log_pos 197210536 CRC32 0xee919b04 Rows_query# update update_test set user_id='ture'# at 197210536#200610 10:59:05 server id 1023306 end_log_pos 197210598 CRC32 0xeb431251 Table_map: `tc01`.`update_test` mapped to number 120# at 197210598#200610 10:59:05 server id 1023306 end_log_pos 197211734 CRC32 0x5f211a8d Update_rows: table id 120 flags: STMT_END_F### UPDATE `tc01`.`update_test`### WHERE### @1=1 /* INT meta=0 nullable=0 is_null=0 */### @2='ddddddddddd' /* VARSTRING(60) meta=60 nullable=0 is_null=0 */### @3=4502 /* INT meta=0 nullable=0 is_null=0 */### @4=2 /* INT meta=0 nullable=0 is_null=0 */### @5=1 /* TINYINT meta=0 nullable=0 is_null=0 */### @6='2020-06-04 11:34:17' /* DATETIME(0) meta=0 nullable=0 is_null=0 */### SET### @1=1 /* INT meta=0 nullable=0 is_null=0 */### @2='ture' /* VARSTRING(60) meta=60 nullable=0 is_null=0 */### @3=4502 /* INT meta=0 nullable=0 is_null=0 */### @4=2 /* INT meta=0 nullable=0 is_null=0 */### @5=1 /* TINYINT meta=0 nullable=0 is_null=0 */### @6='2020-06-04 11:34:17' /* DATETIME(0) meta=0 nullable=0 is_null=0 */### UPDATE `tc01`.`update_test`### WHERE### @1=2 /* INT meta=0 nullable=0 is_null=0 */### @2='ddddddddddd' /* VARSTRING(60) meta=60 nullable=0 is_null=0 */### @3=5564 /* INT meta=0 nullable=0 is_null=0 */### @4=1 /* INT meta=0 nullable=0 is_null=0 */### @5=1 /* TINYINT meta=0 nullable=0 is_null=0 */### @6='2020-06-04 11:34:17' /* DATETIME(0) meta=0 nullable=0 is_null=0 */### SET### @1=2 /* INT meta=0 nullable=0 is_null=0 */### @2='ture' /* VARSTRING(60) meta=60 nullable=0 is_null=0 */### @3=5564 /* INT meta=0 nullable=0 is_null=0 */### @4=1 /* INT meta=0 nullable=0 is_null=0 */### @5=1 /* TINYINT meta=0 nullable=0 is_null=0 */### @6='2020-06-04 11:34:17' /* DATETIME(0) meta=0 nullable=0 is_null=0 */..........................

找出位置后，把binlog的记录导出来。/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqlbinlog --no-defaults -v -v --base64-output=DECODE-ROWS mysql-bin.000003 | sed -n '/# at 197210598/,/COMMIT/p' > ./update_test.txt

这些是误操作之前的数据### @1=19 /* INT meta=0 nullable=0 is_null=0 */### @2='ddddddddddd' /* VARSTRING(60) meta=60 nullable=0 is_null=0 */### @3=2505 /* INT meta=0 nullable=0 is_null=0 */### @4=0 /* INT meta=0 nullable=0 is_null=0 */### @5=1 /* TINYINT meta=0 nullable=0 is_null=0 */### @6='2020-06-04 11:34:17' /* DATETIME(0) meta=0 nullable=0 is_null=0 */

这些是误操作之后的数据### @1=19 /* INT meta=0 nullable=0 is_null=0 */### @2='ture' /* VARSTRING(60) meta=60 nullable=0 is_null=0 */### @3=2505 /* INT meta=0 nullable=0 is_null=0 */### @4=0 /* INT meta=0 nullable=0 is_null=0 */### @5=1 /* TINYINT meta=0 nullable=0 is_null=0 */### @6='2020-06-04 11:34:17' /* DATETIME(0) meta=0 nullable=0 is_null=0 */

替换成需要的SQL语句

下一步转换成需要的SQL语句：sed '/WHERE/{:a;N;/SET/!ba;s/\([^\n]*\)\n\(.*\)\n\(.*\)/\3\n\2\n\1/}' update_test.txt|sed -r '/WHERE/{:a;N;/@6/!ba;s/### @2.*//g}'|sed 's/### //g;s/\/\*.*/,/g' | sed '/WHERE/{:a;N;/@1/!ba;s/,/;/g};s/#.*//g;s/COMMIT,//g'|sed '/^$/d' > ./update_test_recover.sql

SQL内容如下：[mysql@tc02 binlog]$ cat update_test_recover.sqlUPDATE `tc01`.`update_test`SET@1=1 ,@2='ddddddddddd' ,@3=4502 ,@4=2 ,@5=1 ,@6='2020-06-04 11:34:17' ,WHERE@1=1 ;UPDATE `tc01`.`update_test`SET@1=2 ,@2='ddddddddddd' ,@3=5564 ,@4=1 ,@5=1 ,@6='2020-06-04 11:34:17' ,WHERE@1=2 ;UPDATE `tc01`.`update_test`SET@1=3 ,@2='ddddddddddd' ,@3=3521 ,@4=2 ,@5=1 ,@6='2020-06-04 11:34:17' ,WHERE@1=3 ;..................................................

需要进一步替换@1，@2，@3…@6.CREATE TABLE `update_test` (`id` int(10) unsigned NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,`user_id` varchar(20) NOT NULL DEFAULT '',`vote_num` int(10) unsigned NOT NULL DEFAULT '0',`group_id` int(10) unsigned NOT NULL DEFAULT '0',`status` tinyint(2) unsigned NOT NULL DEFAULT '1',`create_time` datetime NOT NULL DEFAULT CURRENT_TIMESTAMP COMMENT '创建时间' ,PRIMARY KEY (`id`),KEY `index_user_id` (`user_id`) USING HASH) ENGINE=InnoDB AUTO_INCREMENT=1 DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8;

根据这个表结构替换：sed -i 's/@1/id/g;s/@2/user_id/g;s/@3/vote_num/g;s/@4/group_id/g;s/@5/status/g;s/@6/create_time/g' update_test_recover.sql

修改后的内容如下：UPDATE `tc01`.`update_test`SETid=1 ,user_id='ddddddddddd' ,vote_num=4502 ,group_id=2 ,status=1 ,create_time='2020-06-04 11:34:17' ,WHEREid=1 ;UPDATE `tc01`.`update_test`SETid=2 ,user_id='ddddddddddd' ,vote_num=5564 ,group_id=1 ,status=1 ,create_time='2020-06-04 11:34:17' ,WHEREid=2 ;UPDATE `tc01`.`update_test`SETid=3 ,user_id='ddddddddddd' ,vote_num=3521 ,group_id=2 ,status=1 ,create_time='2020-06-04 11:34:17' ,WHEREid=3 ;.........................................................................

生成恢复用的SQL语句

还有一个问题,就是需要把create_time后面的逗号去掉。使用下面的命令：sed -i -r 's/(create_time=.*),/\1/g' update_test_recover.sql

查看内容如下：UPDATE `tc01`.`update_test`SETid=1 ,user_id='ddddddddddd' ,vote_num=4502 ,group_id=2 ,status=1 ,create_time='2020-06-04 11:34:17'WHEREid=1 ;UPDATE `tc01`.`update_test`SETid=2 ,user_id='ddddddddddd' ,vote_num=5564 ,group_id=1 ,status=1 ,create_time='2020-06-04 11:34:17'WHEREid=2 ;UPDATE `tc01`.`update_test`SETid=3 ,user_id='ddddddddddd' ,vote_num=3521 ,group_id=2 ,status=1 ,create_time='2020-06-04 11:34:17'WHEREid=3 ;UPDATE `tc01`.`update_test`SETid=4 ,user_id='ddddddddddd' ,vote_num=1414 ,group_id=0 ,status=1 ,create_time='2020-06-04 11:34:17'WHEREid=4 ;..........................................................

满足了条件之后，我们执行语句：root@localhost#mysql.sock : tc0111:33:29>source update_test_recover.sqlroot@localhost#mysql.sock : tc0111:34:14>select * from `tc01`.`update_test`;+----+-------------+----------+----------+--------+---------------------+| id | user_id | vote_num | group_id | status | create_time |+----+-------------+----------+----------+--------+---------------------+| 1 | ddddddddddd | 4502 | 2 | 1 | 2020-06-04 11:34:17 || 2 | ddddddddddd | 5564 | 1 | 1 | 2020-06-04 11:34:17 || 3 | ddddddddddd | 3521 | 2 | 1 | 2020-06-04 11:34:17 || 4 | ddddddddddd | 1414 | 0 | 1 | 2020-06-04 11:34:17 || 5 | ddddddddddd | 8047 | 1 | 1 | 2020-06-04 11:34:17 || 6 | ddddddddddd | 5556 | 1 | 1 | 2020-06-04 11:34:17 || 7 | ddddddddddd | 7166 | 1 | 2 | 2020-06-04 11:34:17 || 8 | ddddddddddd | 3277 | 2 | 2 | 2020-06-04 11:34:17 || 9 | ddddddddddd | 8658 | 2 | 1 | 2020-06-04 11:34:17 || 10 | ddddddddddd | 4146 | 0 | 2 | 2020-06-04 11:34:17 || 11 | ddddddddddd | 7906 | 2 | 1 | 2020-06-04 11:34:17 || 12 | ddddddddddd | 512 | 0 | 2 | 2020-06-04 11:34:17 || 13 | ddddddddddd | 7493 | 0 | 1 | 2020-06-04 11:34:17 || 14 | ddddddddddd | 5583 | 1 | 1 | 2020-06-04 11:34:17 || 15 | ddddddddddd | 4273 | 2 | 1 | 2020-06-04 11:34:17 || 16 | ddddddddddd | 1117 | 0 | 1 | 2020-06-04 11:34:17 || 17 | ddddddddddd | 3936 | 2 | 1 | 2020-06-04 11:34:17 || 18 | ddddddddddd | 4735 | 2 | 1 | 2020-06-04 11:34:17 || 19 | ddddddddddd | 2505 | 0 | 1 | 2020-06-04 11:34:17 || 20 | ddddddddddd | 2523 | 2 | 1 | 2020-06-04 11:34:17 |+----+-------------+----------+----------+--------+---------------------+20 rows in set (0.00 sec)

恢复到了修改之前的记录，本次恢复测试完成。

墨天轮原文链接：https://www.modb.pro/db/26098(复制到浏览器中打开或者点击“阅读原文”可达)