java 访问类变量_java反射获取类的所有成员变量（本类和基类）

我们知道在Java的反射机制中，最核心的一个类就是Class类。

Class类中提供了两个常用的获取类的成员变量的方法。

方法1 getFields()

/*** Returns an array containing {@codeField} objects reflecting all

* the accessible public fields of the class or interface represented by

* this {@codeClass} object.

*

*

If this {@codeClass} object represents a class or interface with no

* no accessible public fields, then this method returns an array of length

* 0.

*

*

If this {@codeClass} object represents a class, then this method

* returns the public fields of the class and of all its superclasses.

*

*

If this {@codeClass} object represents an interface, then this

* method returns the fields of the interface and of all its

* superinterfaces.

*

*

If this {@codeClass} object represents an array type, a primitive

* type, or void, then this method returns an array of length 0.

*

*

The elements in the returned array are not sorted and are not in any

* particular order.

*

*@returnthe array of {@codeField} objects representing the

* public fields

*@throwsSecurityException

* If a security manager, s, is present and

* the caller's class loader is not the same as or an

* ancestor of the class loader for the current class and

* invocation of {@linkSecurityManager#checkPackageAccess

* s.checkPackageAccess()} denies access to the package

* of this class.

*

*@sinceJDK1.1

* @jls 8.2 Class Members

* @jls 8.3 Field Declarations*/@CallerSensitivepublic Field[] getFields() throwsSecurityException {

checkMemberAccess(Member.PUBLIC, Reflection.getCallerClass(),true);return copyFields(privateGetPublicFields(null));

}

从注释上可以看出来，这个方法是用来获取一个类和其所有父类中被public修饰符修饰的成员变量的。

方法2 getDeclaredFields()

/*** Returns an array of {@codeField} objects reflecting all the fields

* declared by the class or interface represented by this

* {@codeClass} object. This includes public, protected, default

* (package) access, and private fields, but excludes inherited fields.

*

*

If this {@codeClass} object represents a class or interface with no

* declared fields, then this method returns an array of length 0.

*

*

If this {@codeClass} object represents an array type, a primitive

* type, or void, then this method returns an array of length 0.

*

*

The elements in the returned array are not sorted and are not in any

* particular order.

*

*@returnthe array of {@codeField} objects representing all the

* declared fields of this class

*@throwsSecurityException

* If a security manager, s, is present and any of the

* following conditions is met:

*

*

*

*

the caller's class loader is not the same as the

* class loader of this class and invocation of

* {@linkSecurityManager#checkPermission

* s.checkPermission} method with

* {@codeRuntimePermission("accessDeclaredMembers")}

* denies access to the declared fields within this class

*

*

the caller's class loader is not the same as or an

* ancestor of the class loader for the current class and

* invocation of {@linkSecurityManager#checkPackageAccess

* s.checkPackageAccess()} denies access to the package

* of this class

*

*

*

*@sinceJDK1.1

* @jls 8.2 Class Members

* @jls 8.3 Field Declarations*/@CallerSensitivepublic Field[] getDeclaredFields() throwsSecurityException {

checkMemberAccess(Member.DECLARED, Reflection.getCallerClass(),true);return copyFields(privateGetDeclaredFields(false));

}

从注释上可以看出来，这个方法是用来获取一个类中的所有成员变量的，即包括被public、protected、defautl和private修饰符修饰的所有成员变量。

但是这个方法，其基类的一个成员变量都不会拿得到。

取本类和基类的所有成员变量

要取本类和基类的所有成员变量，Class类中提供的两种获取类中成员变量的方法都不能直接实现这个需求，但是可以通过简单的while循环来实现。

//取所有字段(包括基类的字段)

Field[] allFields =clazz.getDeclaredFields();

Class superClass=clazz.getSuperclass();while (superClass != null) {

Field[] superFileds=superClass.getDeclaredFields();

allFields=ArrayUtils.addAll(allFields, superFileds);

superClass=superClass.getSuperclass();

}

这样就取到了类中的所有成员变量，包括基类的成员变量。

"父爱无声，但它一直都在。"