java 序列化框架_Java序列化框架

Java默认的序列化机制效率很低、序列化后的码流也较大，所以涌现出了非常多的优秀的Java序列化框架，例如：hessian、protobuf、thrift、protostuff、kryo、msgpack、avro、fst 等等。

本文主要介绍hessian、kryo、protostuff的使用，其它的可以去查看官方documentation。

使用

hessian

maven依赖：

com.caucho

hessian

4.0.38

序列化，代码如下：

public void serialize(){

Car car = new Car();

car.setName("X5");

car.setBrand("BMW");

car.setPrice(64.5);

car.setSpeed(200);

System.out.println("序列化:"+car);

//Serialization

Hessian2Output out = null;

try {

File objectFile = new File("car.bin");

out = new Hessian2Output(new FileOutputStream(objectFile));

out.startMessage();

out.writeObject(car);

out.completeMessage();

} catch (Exception e) {

e.printStackTrace();

}finally{

try {

out.close();

} catch (IOException e) {

e.printStackTrace();

}

}

}

反序列化

public void deserialize(){

InputStream bin = null;

Hessian2Input in = null;

try {

File objectFile = new File("car.bin");

bin = new FileInputStream(objectFile);

in = new Hessian2Input(bin);

in.startMessage();

Car car = (Car) in.readObject();

in.completeMessage();

System.out.println("反序列化:"+car);

} catch (Exception e) {

e.printStackTrace();

}finally{

try {

in.close();

} catch (IOException e) {

e.printStackTrace();

}

try {

bin.close();

} catch (IOException e) {

e.printStackTrace();

}

}

}

kryo

maven依赖：

com.esotericsoftware

kryo

4.0.0

kryo 序列化如下：

Author author = new Author("Ricky", 28);

System.out.println(author);

Kryo kryo = new Kryo();

// Write Obj to File

Output output = null;

try {

File file = new File("author.bin");

output = new Output(new FileOutputStream(file));

kryo.writeObject(output, author);

output.close();

} catch (FileNotFoundException e) {

e.printStackTrace();

} catch (KryoException e) {

e.printStackTrace();

}finally{

IoUtils.closeQuietly(output);

}

反序列化如下：

// Read Obj from File

Input input = null;

try {

File file = new File("author.bin");

input = new Input(new FileInputStream(file));

Author newAuthor = kryo.readObject(input, Author.class);

System.out.println(newAuthor);

} catch (FileNotFoundException e) {

e.printStackTrace();

} catch (KryoException e) {

e.printStackTrace();

}finally{

IoUtils.closeQuietly(input);

}

protostuff

maven依赖：

io.protostuff

protostuff-core

1.5.3

io.protostuff

protostuff-runtime

1.5.3

protostuff 序列化如下：

Person person = new Person("ricky", "feng", "ricky_feng@163.com");

person.setFriends(Arrays.asList("Paul", "Kobe", "James"));

person.setAddress(new Address("湖北省", "武汉市", "武昌区", "珞喻路"));

Map tag = new HashMap<>();

tag.put("aa", "abc");

person.setTag(tag);

Schema schema = RuntimeSchema.getSchema(Person.class);

LinkedBuffer buffer = LinkedBuffer.allocate();

byte[] protostuff = null;

// 序列化

try {

protostuff = ProtostuffIOUtil.toByteArray(person, schema, buffer);

System.out.println("bytes len:"+protostuff.length);

} finally {

buffer.clear();

}

反序列化如下：

byte[] protostuff = ...;

Schema schema = RuntimeSchema.getSchema(Person.class);

// 反序列化

Person p = schema.newMessage();

ProtostuffIOUtil.mergeFrom(protostuff, p, schema);

System.out.println(p);

Java序列化框架性能比较

序列化框架Serializers(无共享引用)

无循环引用。 一个对象如果被引用两次则会序列化两次

没有手工优化

schema预先已知

Ser Time+Deser Time (ns)

time.png

Size, Compressed size in bytes

size.png

全对象图序列化(Full Object Graph Serializers)

支持全部的object graph读写. Object graph可能包含循环引用.

无预先处理, 没有预先的类生成，注册. 所有都运行时产生， 比如使用反射.

注意通常不会跨编程语言。 然而JSON/XML格式由于其特殊性可以跨语言.

Ser Time+Deser Time (ns)

full_time.png

Size, Compressed size in bytes

full_size.png

参考