成批反向传播matlab,机器学习-反向传播算法（BP）代码实现（matlab）

%% Machine Learning Online Class - Exercise 4 Neural Network Learning

% Instructions

% ------------

%

% This file contains code that helps you get started on the

% linear exercise. You will need to complete the following functions

% in this exericse:

%

% sigmoidGradient.m

% randInitializeWeights.m

% nnCostFunction.m

%

% For this exercise, you will not need to change any code in this file,

% or any other files other than those mentioned above.

%

%% Initialization

clear ; close all; clc

%% Setup the parameters you will use for this exercise

input_layer_size = 400; % 20x20 Input Images of Digits

hidden_layer_size = 25; % 25 hidden units

num_labels = 10; % 10 labels, from 1 to 10

% (note that we have mapped "0" to label 10)

%% =========== Part 1: Loading and Visualizing Data =============

% We start the exercise by first loading and visualizing the dataset.

% You will be working with a dataset that contains handwritten digits.

%

% Load Training Data

fprintf(‘Loading and Visualizing Data ...\n‘)

load(‘ex4data1.mat‘);

m = size(X, 1);

% Randomly select 100 data points to display

sel = randperm(size(X, 1));

sel = sel(1:100);

sel(1:100); 1 2 3 4 5 ...100

解释

a = X(sel, :);

X(sel, :);1.......2.......3.......4.......5.......

.

.

.100......

解释

displayData(X(sel, :));

fprintf(‘Program paused. Press enter to continue.\n‘);

pause;

%% ================ Part 2: Loading Parameters ================

% In this part of the exercise, we load some pre-initialized

% neural network parameters.

fprintf(‘\nLoading Saved Neural Network Parameters ...\n‘)

% Load the weights into variables Theta1 and Theta2

load(‘ex4weights.mat‘);

% Unroll parameters

nn_params = [Theta1(:) ; Theta2(:)];

https://www.cnblogs.com/liu-wang/p/9466123.html

解释

%% ================ Part 3: Compute Cost (Feedforward) ================

% To the neural network, you should first start by implementing the

% feedforward part of the neural network that returns the cost only. You

% should complete the code in nnCostFunction.m to return cost. After

% implementing the feedforward to compute the cost, you can verify that

% your implementation is correct by verifying that you get the same cost

% as us for the fixed debugging parameters.

%

% We suggest implementing the feedforward cost *without* regularization

% first so that it will be easier for you to debug. Later, in part 4, you

% will get to implement the regularized cost.

%

fprintf(‘\nFeedforward Using Neural Network ...\n‘)

% Weight regularization parameter (we set this to 0 here).

lambda = 0;

J = nnCostFunction(nn_params, input_layer_size, hidden_layer_size, ...

num_labels, X, y, lambda);

fprintf([‘Cost at parameters (loaded from ex4weights): %f ‘...

‘\n(this value should be about 0.287629)\n‘], J);

fprintf(‘\nProgram paused. Press enter to continue.\n‘);

pause;

%% =============== Part 4: Implement Regularization ===============

% Once your cost function implementation is correct, you should now

% continue to implement the regularization with the cost.

%

fprintf(‘\nChecking Cost Function (w/ Regularization) ... \n‘)

% Weight regularization parameter (we set this to 1 here).

lambda = 1;

J = nnCostFunction(nn_params, input_layer_size, hidden_layer_size, ...

num_labels, X, y, lambda);

fprintf([‘Cost at parameters (loaded from ex4weights): %f ‘...

‘\n(this value should be about 0.383770)\n‘], J);

fprintf(‘Program paused. Press enter to continue.\n‘);

pause;

%% ================ Part 5: Sigmoid Gradient ================

% Before you start implementing the neural network, you will first

% implement the gradient for the sigmoid function. You should complete the

% code in the sigmoidGradient.m file.

%

fprintf(‘\nEvaluating sigmoid gradient...\n‘)

g = sigmoidGradient([1 -0.5 0 0.5 1]);

fprintf(‘Sigmoid gradient evaluated at [1 -0.5 0 0.5 1]:\n ‘);

fprintf(‘%f ‘, g);

fprintf(‘\n\n‘);

fprintf(‘Program paused. Press enter to continue.\n‘);

pause;

%% ================ Part 6: Initializing Pameters ================

% In this part of the exercise, you will be starting to implment a two

% layer neural network that classifies digits. You will start by

% implementing a function to initialize the weights of the neural network

% (randInitializeWeights.m)

fprintf(‘\nInitializing Neural Network Parameters ...\n‘)

initial_Theta1 = randInitializeWeights(input_layer_size, hidden_layer_size);

initial_Theta2 = randInitializeWeights(hidden_layer_size, num_labels);

% Unroll parameters

initial_nn_params = [initial_Theta1(:) ; initial_Theta2(:)];

%% =============== Part 7: Implement Backpropagation ===============

% Once your cost matches up with ours, you should proceed to implement the

% backpropagation algorithm for the neural network. You should add to the

% code you‘ve written in nnCostFunction.m to return the partial

% derivatives of the parameters.

%

fprintf(‘\nChecking Backpropagation... \n‘);

% Check gradients by running checkNNGradients

checkNNGradients;

fprintf(‘\nProgram paused. Press enter to continue.\n‘);

pause;

%% =============== Part 8: Implement Regularization ===============

% Once your backpropagation implementation is correct, you should now

% continue to implement the regularization with the cost and gradient.

%

fprintf(‘\nChecking Backpropagation (w/ Regularization) ... \n‘)

% Check gradients by running checkNNGradients

lambda = 3;

checkNNGradients(lambda);

% Also output the costFunction debugging values

debug_J = nnCostFunction(nn_params, input_layer_size, ...

hidden_layer_size, num_labels, X, y, lambda);

fprintf([‘\n\nCost at (fixed) debugging parameters (w/ lambda = 10): %f ‘ ...

‘\n(this value should be about 0.576051)\n\n‘], debug_J);

fprintf(‘Program paused. Press enter to continue.\n‘);

pause;

%% =================== Part 8: Training NN ===================

% You have now implemented all the code necessary to train a neural

% network. To train your neural network, we will now use "fmincg", which

% is a function which works similarly to "fminunc". Recall that these

% advanced optimizers are able to train our cost functions efficiently as

% long as we provide them with the gradient computations.

%

fprintf(‘\nTraining Neural Network... \n‘)

% After you have completed the assignment, change the MaxIter to a larger

% value to see how more training helps.

options = optimset(‘MaxIter‘, 50);

% You should also try different values of lambda

lambda = 1;

% Create "short hand" for the cost function to be minimized

costFunction = @(p) nnCostFunction(p, ...

input_layer_size, ...

hidden_layer_size, ...

num_labels, X, y, lambda);

% Now, costFunction is a function that takes in only one argument (the

% neural network parameters)

[nn_params, cost] = fmincg(costFunction, initial_nn_params, options);

% Obtain Theta1 and Theta2 back from nn_params

Theta1 = reshape(nn_params(1:hidden_layer_size * (input_layer_size + 1)), ...

hidden_layer_size, (input_layer_size + 1));

Theta2 = reshape(nn_params((1 + (hidden_layer_size * (input_layer_size + 1))):end), ...

num_labels, (hidden_layer_size + 1));

fprintf(‘Program paused. Press enter to continue.\n‘);

pause;

%% ================= Part 9: Visualize Weights =================

% You can now "visualize" what the neural network is learning by

% displaying the hidden units to see what features they are capturing in

% the data.

fprintf(‘\nVisualizing Neural Network... \n‘)

displayData(Theta1(:, 2:end));

fprintf(‘\nProgram paused. Press enter to continue.\n‘);

pause;

%% ================= Part 10: Implement Predict =================

% After training the neural network, we would like to use it to predict

% the labels. You will now implement the "predict" function to use the

% neural network to predict the labels of the training set. This lets

% you compute the training set accuracy.

pred = predict(Theta1, Theta2, X);

fprintf(‘\nTraining Set Accuracy: %f\n‘, mean(double(pred == y)) * 100);