java图形界面设计代码_Java图形界面设计

一、总述

Java的图形用户界面由各种组件(component)构成，它们主要位于java.awt包与javax.swing包中。Swing与AWT最大的不同是，Swing在实现时，不包含任何本地代码(native)，是一种“轻量级(lightweight)”的组件

Swing具有状态的组件。

二、容器

1.顶层容器：

JFrame、JApplet、JDialog 和 JWindow

2.JFrame创建的一个程序

2.1代码

importjava.awt.*;

importjavax.swing.*;

publicclassJFrameDemo{

publicstaticvoidmain(String args[]){

JFrame frame = newJFrame("JFrameDemo");

JButton button = newJButton("Press Me");

//first way to do that

// frame.getContentPane().add(button,BorderLayout.CENTER);

//another way to set the Pane

JPanel contentPane = newJPanel();

contentPane.setLayout(newBorderLayout());

contentPane.add(button,BorderLayout.CENTER);

frame.setContentPane(contentPane);

//frame.pack();

frame.setVisible(true);

}

}

import java.awt.*;

import javax.swing.*;

public class JFrameDemo{

public static void main(String args[]){

JFrame frame = new JFrame("JFrameDemo");

JButton button = new JButton("Press Me");

//first way to do that

// frame.getContentPane().add(button,BorderLayout.CENTER);

//another way to set the Pane

JPanel contentPane = new JPanel();

contentPane.setLayout(new BorderLayout());

contentPane.add(button,BorderLayout.CENTER);

frame.setContentPane(contentPane);

//frame.pack();

frame.setVisible(true);

}

}

2.2执行结果

3.面板(JPanel)

可以相互嵌套，不能独立存在，只能添加到其他窗口内部。

3.1代码

importjava.awt.*;

importjavax.swing.*;

publicclassFrameWithPanel{

publicstaticvoidmain(String args[]){

JFrame frame = newJFrame("Frame with Panel");

Container contentPane = frame.getContentPane();

contentPane.setBackground(Color.CYAN);

JPanel panel = newJPanel();

panel.setBackground(Color.yellow);

JButton button = newJButton("Press me");

panel.add(button);

//add JButton instance to JPanel

//add JPanel instance to JFrame's south

contentPane.add(panel,BorderLayout.SOUTH);

frame.setSize(300,200);

frame.setVisible(true);

}

}

import java.awt.*;

import javax.swing.*;

public class FrameWithPanel{

public static void main(String args[]){

JFrame frame = new JFrame("Frame with Panel");

Container contentPane = frame.getContentPane();

contentPane.setBackground(Color.CYAN);

JPanel panel = new JPanel();

panel.setBackground(Color.yellow);

JButton button = new JButton("Press me");

panel.add(button);

//add JButton instance to JPanel

//add JPanel instance to JFrame's south

contentPane.add(panel,BorderLayout.SOUTH);

frame.setSize(300,200);

frame.setVisible(true);

}

}

3.2执行结果

三、布局

1.总述

组件的布局(包括位置与大小)通常由Layout Manager负责安排。Java平台提供了多种布局管理器，以下对其部分，进行说明。

2.FlowLayout Layout Manager

2.1FlowLayout 的三种构造方法

publicFlowLayout()

publicFlowLayout(intalign)

publicFlowLayout(intalign,inthgap,intvgap)

public FlowLayout()

public FlowLayout(int align)

public FlowLayout(int align,int hgap,int vgap)

构造方法中，提供了一个对齐方式的可选项align，取值有三种形式：FlowLayout.LEFT、 FlowLayout.CENTER 、FlowLayout.RIGHT。hgap和vgap可以设定组件的水平间距和垂直距离。

2.2参考代码

importjava.awt.*;

importjavax.swing.*;

publicclassFlowLayoutDemo{

privateJFrame frame;

privateJButton btn1,btn2,btn3;

publicstaticvoidmain(String args[]){

FlowLayoutDemo that = newFlowLayoutDemo();

that.go();

}

publicvoidgo(){

frame = newJFrame("Flow Layout");

Container contentPane = frame.getContentPane();

contentPane.setLayout(newFlowLayout());

btn1 = newJButton("OK");

btn2 = newJButton("Open");

btn3 = newJButton("Close");

contentPane.add(btn1);

contentPane.add(btn2);

contentPane.add(btn3);

frame.setSize(300,200);

frame.setVisible(true);

}

}

import java.awt.*;

import javax.swing.*;

public class FlowLayoutDemo{

private JFrame frame;

private JButton btn1,btn2,btn3;

public static void main(String args[]){

FlowLayoutDemo that = new FlowLayoutDemo();

that.go();

}

public void go(){

frame = new JFrame("Flow Layout");

Container contentPane = frame.getContentPane();

contentPane.setLayout(new FlowLayout());

btn1 = new JButto