U-boot之命令解析

1》从源码分析
目录u-boot-1.1.6\common\command.c
下的源码：

	for (cmdtp = &__u_boot_cmd_start;
	     cmdtp != &__u_boot_cmd_end;
	     cmdtp++) {
		if (strncmp (cmd, cmdtp->name, len) == 0) {
			if (len == strlen (cmdtp->name))
				return cmdtp;	/* full match */

			cmdtp_temp = cmdtp;	/* abbreviated command ? */
			n_found++;
		}
	} 

从__u_boot_cmd_start和__u_boot_cmd_end找到文件u-boot.lds中：
    __u_boot_cmd_start = .;
    .u_boot_cmd : { *(.u_boot_cmd) }
    __u_boot_cmd_end = .;
找到u_boot_cmd段
进一步找到：路径u-boot-1.1.6\include\command.h

#define Struct_Section  __attribute__ ((unused,section (".u_boot_cmd")))

从cmdtp
找到结构体的定义：

	cmd_tbl_t *cmdtp;
	cmd_tbl_t *cmdtp_temp = &__u_boot_cmd_start;	/*Init value */

2》串口打印处的启动命令
bootcmd=nand read.jffs2 0x30007FC0 kernel; bootm 0x30007FC0
改为
nand read.jffs2 0x30007FC0 kernel;  //从nand读出内核到0x30007FC0
bootm 0x30007FC0                    //从0x30007FC0启动内核

3》搜索命令 bootm 找到：
在目录\u-boot-1.1.6\common\cmd_bootm.c中
找到一个宏U_BOOT_CMD定义内容：

U_BOOT_CMD(
 	bootm,	CFG_MAXARGS,	1,	do_bootm,
 	"bootm   - boot application image from memory\n",
 	"[addr [arg ...]]\n    - boot application image stored in memory\n"
 	"\tpassing arguments 'arg ...'; when booting a Linux kernel,\n"
 	"\t'arg' can be the address of an initrd image\n"
#ifdef CONFIG_OF_FLAT_TREE
	"\tWhen booting a Linux kernel which requires a flat device-tree\n"
	"\ta third argument is required which is the address of the of the\n"
	"\tdevice-tree blob. To boot that kernel without an initrd image,\n"
	"\tuse a '-' for the second argument. If you do not pass a third\n"
	"\ta bd_info struct will be passed instead\n"
#endif
);

搜索U_BOOT_CMD 找到u_boot_cmd的定义方式

#define U_BOOT_CMD(name,maxargs,rep,cmd,usage,help) \
cmd_tbl_t __u_boot_cmd_##name Struct_Section = {#name, maxargs, rep, cmd, usage, help}

由此展开U_BOOT_CMD宏，如下：

name=bootm
Struct_Section=__attribute__ ((unused,section (".u_boot_cmd")))={#name, maxargs, rep, cmd, usage, help}

由此分析：

cmd_tbl_t __u_boot_cmd_bootm Struct_Section = __attribute__ ((unused,section (".u_boot_cmd")))={#name, maxargs, rep, cmd, usage, help}

//定义了一个cmd_tbl_t类型的结构体 __u_boot_cmd_bootm
//对结构体__u_boot_cmd_bootm强制段属性：.u_boot_cmd
//这样就和u-boot.lds文件中的
    . = .;
    __u_boot_cmd_start = .;
    .u_boot_cmd : { *(.u_boot_cmd) }
    __u_boot_cmd_end = .;
//对应起来

cmd_tbl_t __u_boot_cmd_bootm Struct_Section = __attribute__ ((unused,section (".u_boot_cmd")))=
{#name, maxargs, rep, cmd, usage, help}
{bootm, CFG_MAXARGS, 1, do_bootm, "bootm   - boot application image from memory\n", 
 	"[addr [arg ...]]\n    - boot application image stored in memory\n"
 	"\tpassing arguments 'arg ...'; when booting a Linux kernel,\n"
 	"\t'arg' can be the address of an initrd image\n"
	"\tWhen booting a Linux kernel which requires a flat device-tree\n"
	"\ta third argument is required which is the address of the of the\n"
	"\tdevice-tree blob. To boot that kernel without an initrd image,\n"
	"\tuse a '-' for the second argument. If you do not pass a third\n"
	"\ta bd_info struct will be passed instead\n"

//name=bootm
//maxargs=CFG_MAXARGS  最大参数
//rep=1  是否重复
//cmd=do_bootm
//usage="bootm   - boot application image from memory\n"
//help=...
由以上的分析==>
//代码中所有用U_BOOT_CMD这个宏定义的参数，最终都会生成一个
//cmd_tbl_t __u_boot_cmd_##name Struct_Section = {#name, maxargs, rep, cmd, usage, help}
//所以U_BOOT_CMD定义的命令最终都会通过u-boot.lds链接到内存中的
    . = .;
    __u_boot_cmd_start = .;
    .u_boot_cmd : { *(.u_boot_cmd) }
    __u_boot_cmd_end = .;
//段内。

实验增加一个命令hello 执行打印一个helloworld：
仿照cmd_bootm.c新建cmd_hello.c

#include <common.h>
#include <watchdog.h>
#include <command.h>
#include <image.h>
#include <malloc.h>
#include <zlib.h>
#include <bzlib.h>
#include <environment.h>
#include <asm/byteorder.h>
int do_bootm (cmd_tbl_t *cmdtp, int flag, int argc, char *argv[])
改为
int do_hello (cmd_tbl_t *cmdtp, int flag, int argc, char *argv[])
{
	int i;
	printf ("#hello world！%d\n",argc);
	
	for(i=0;i<argv,i++)
	{
		printf ("#argv[%d]:%s\n",i,argv[i]);
	}
	return 0;
}

U_BOOT_CMD(
 	hello,	CFG_MAXARGS,	1,	do_hello,
 	"hello   - just for test hello \n",
 	"hello,long help.........................\n"
);

将cmd_hello.c拷贝到u-boot-1.1.6\common\目录下
修改common目录下的Makefile
virtex2.o xilinx.o crc16.o xyzModem.o cmd_mac.o cmd_suspend.o cmd_hello.o
编译：
make disclean
make 100ask24x0_config
make