行为型——迭代器模式C++实现

迭代器是一种行为设计模式，让你能在不暴露集合底层表现形式（列表、栈和树等）的情况下遍历集合中所有的元素。

实例

Iterator.h

#ifndef ITERATOR_H_
#define ITERATOR_H_

#include <string>

// 抽象迭代器
class TVIterator{
 public:
    virtual void setChannel(int i) = 0;
    virtual void next() = 0;
    virtual void previous() = 0;
    virtual bool isLast() = 0;
    virtual std::string currentChannel() = 0;
    virtual bool isFirst() = 0;
};

#endif  // ITERATOR_H_

ConcreteIterator.h

#ifndef CONCRETE_ITERATOR_H_
#define CONCRETE_ITERATOR_H_

#include <string>
#include <vector>
#include "Iterator.h"

// 具体迭代器
class SkyworthIterator : public TVIterator{
 public:
    explicit SkyworthIterator(std::vector<std::string> &tvs) : tvs_(tvs) {}

    void next() override {
        if (current_index_ < tvs_.size()) {
            current_index_++;
        }
    }

    void previous() override {
        if (current_index_ > 0) {
            current_index_--;
        }
    }

    void setChannel(int i) override {
        current_index_ = i;
    }

    std::string currentChannel() override {
        return tvs_[current_index_];
    }

    bool isLast() override {
        return current_index_ == tvs_.size();
    }

    bool isFirst() override {
        return current_index_ == 0;
    }

 private:
    std::vector<std::string> &tvs_;
    int current_index_ = 0;
};

#endif  // CONCRETE_ITERATOR_H_

Collection.h

#ifndef COLLECTION_H_
#define COLLECTION_H_

#include <memory>
#include "Iterator.h"

// 抽象集合
class Television {
 public:
    virtual std::shared_ptr<TVIterator> createIterator() = 0;
};

#endif  // COLLECTION_H_

ConcreteCollection.h

#ifndef CONCRETE_COLLECTION_H_
#define CONCRETE_COLLECTION_H_

#include <vector>
#include <string>
#include <memory>
#include "Collection.h"
#include "ConcreteIterator.h"

class SkyworthTelevision : public Television {
 public:
    std::shared_ptr<TVIterator> createIterator() {
        return std::make_shared<SkyworthIterator>(tvs_);
    }

    void addItem(std::string item) {
        tvs_.push_back(item);
    }

 private:
    std::vector<std::string> tvs_;
};

#endif  // CONCRETE_COLLECTION_H_

main.cpp

#include <iostream>
#include "ConcreteCollection.h"

int main() {
    SkyworthTelevision stv;
    stv.addItem("CCTV-1");
    stv.addItem("CCTV-2");
    stv.addItem("CCTV-3");
    stv.addItem("CCTV-4");
    stv.addItem("CCTV-5");

    auto iter = stv.createIterator();
    while (!iter->isLast()) {
        std::cout << iter->currentChannel() << std::endl;
        iter->next();
    }
    return 0;
}

编译运行：

$g++ main.cpp -std=c++11 -o iterator
$./iterator 
CCTV-1
CCTV-2
CCTV-3
CCTV-4
CCTV-5