Netty之编解码技术

编解码技术,说白了就是java序列化技术,序列化目的就两个,第一进行网络传输,第二进行对象的持久化.
虽然我们可以使用Java进行对象序列化,netty去传输,但是Java序列化的硬伤太多,比如Java序列化没办法跨语言,序列化后码流太大,序列化性能太低等等…
主流的编解码框架:
jboss的Marshalling包
google的Protobuf
基于Protobuf的Kyro
MessagePack框架
这篇文章主要讲解Marshalling
Marshalling工厂

import io.netty.handler.codec.marshalling.DefaultMarshallerProvider;
import io.netty.handler.codec.marshalling.DefaultUnmarshallerProvider;
import io.netty.handler.codec.marshalling.MarshallerProvider;
import io.netty.handler.codec.marshalling.MarshallingDecoder;
import io.netty.handler.codec.marshalling.MarshallingEncoder;
import io.netty.handler.codec.marshalling.UnmarshallerProvider;

import org.jboss.marshalling.MarshallerFactory;
import org.jboss.marshalling.Marshalling;
import org.jboss.marshalling.MarshallingConfiguration;

/**
 * Marshalling工厂
 * @author（zhuyq）
 * @since 2019-12-16
 */
public final class MarshallingCodeCFactory {

    /**
     * 创建Jboss Marshalling解码器MarshallingDecoder
     * @return MarshallingDecoder
     */
    public static MarshallingDecoder buildMarshallingDecoder() {
    	//首先通过Marshalling工具类的精通方法获取Marshalling实例对象 参数serial标识创建的是java序列化工厂对象。
		final MarshallerFactory marshallerFactory = Marshalling.getProvidedMarshallerFactory("serial");
		//创建了MarshallingConfiguration对象，配置了版本号为5 
		final MarshallingConfiguration configuration = new MarshallingConfiguration();
		configuration.setVersion(5);
		//根据marshallerFactory和configuration创建provider
		UnmarshallerProvider provider = new DefaultUnmarshallerProvider(marshallerFactory, configuration);
		//构建Netty的MarshallingDecoder对象，俩个参数分别为provider和单个消息序列化后的最大长度
		MarshallingDecoder decoder = new MarshallingDecoder(provider, 1024);
		return decoder;
    }

    /**
     * 创建Jboss Marshalling编码器MarshallingEncoder
     * @return MarshallingEncoder
     */
    public static MarshallingEncoder buildMarshallingEncoder() {
		final MarshallerFactory marshallerFactory = Marshalling.getProvidedMarshallerFactory("serial");
		final MarshallingConfiguration configuration = new MarshallingConfiguration();
		configuration.setVersion(5);
		MarshallerProvider provider = new DefaultMarshallerProvider(marshallerFactory, configuration);
		//构建Netty的MarshallingEncoder对象，MarshallingEncoder用于实现序列化接口的POJO对象序列化为二进制数组
		MarshallingEncoder encoder = new MarshallingEncoder(provider);
		return encoder;
    }
}

server端代码

public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception{
		
		EventLoopGroup pGroup = new NioEventLoopGroup();
		EventLoopGroup cGroup = new NioEventLoopGroup();
		
		ServerBootstrap b = new ServerBootstrap();
		b.group(pGroup, cGroup)
		 .channel(NioServerSocketChannel.class)
		 .option(ChannelOption.SO_BACKLOG, 1024)
		 //设置日志
		 .handler(new LoggingHandler(LogLevel.INFO))
		 .childHandler(new ChannelInitializer<SocketChannel>() {
			protected void initChannel(SocketChannel sc) throws Exception {
				sc.pipeline().addLast(MarshallingCodeCFactory.buildMarshallingDecoder());
				sc.pipeline().addLast(MarshallingCodeCFactory.buildMarshallingEncoder());
				sc.pipeline().addLast(new ReadTimeoutHandler(5)); 
				sc.pipeline().addLast(new ServerHandler());
			}
		});
		
		ChannelFuture cf = b.bind(8765).sync();
		
		cf.channel().closeFuture().sync();
		pGroup.shutdownGracefully();
		cGroup.shutdownGracefully();
		
	}

client端代码

	group = new NioEventLoopGroup();
	b = new Bootstrap();
	b.group(group)
	 .channel(NioSocketChannel.class)
	 .handler(new LoggingHandler(LogLevel.INFO))
	 .handler(new ChannelInitializer<SocketChannel>() {
			@Override
			protected void initChannel(SocketChannel sc) throws Exception {
				sc.pipeline().addLast(MarshallingCodeCFactory.buildMarshallingDecoder());
				sc.pipeline().addLast(MarshallingCodeCFactory.buildMarshallingEncoder());
				//超时handler（当服务器端与客户端在指定时间以上没有任何进行通信，则会关闭响应的通道，主要为减小服务端资源占用）
				sc.pipeline().addLast(new ReadTimeoutHandler(5)); 
				sc.pipeline().addLast(new ClientHandler());
			}
	   });
	ChannelFuture cf = b.connect("127.0.0.1",8765);
	for(int = 0 ,i < 5 , i++){
		Req req = new Req();//这里req为一个正常的Java序列化对象
		req.setId(""+i);
		req.setName("pro"+i);
		req.setRequestMessage("数据信息"+i);	
		cf.channel.writeAndFlush(req);
	}
	cf.channel().closeFuture().sync();
	group.shutdownGracefully();

serverHandler

@override
public void channelRead(ChannelHandlerContext ctx,Object msg){
	Req req  = (Req)msg;
	System.out.println("Server :"+req.getId()+","+req.getName()+","+req.getRequestMessage());
	Resp resp = new Resp();
	resp.setId(req.getId());
	resp.setName("resp"+req.getName());
	resp.setResponseMessage("响应内容"+req.getId);
	ctx.writeAndFlush(resp);
}