Linux磁盘查询常见命令

存储相关

1. 查看主机阵列上映射的磁盘

# lsscsi
[0:2:0:0]    disk    DELL     PERC H730P Adp   4.30  /dev/sda
[14:0:0:0]   cd/dvd  HL-DT-ST DVD+-RW GU90N    A3C1  /dev/sr0
[16:0:0:0]   disk    IBM      2145             0000  /dev/sdb
[16:0:0:1]   disk    IBM      2145             0000  /dev/sdc
[16:0:0:2]   disk    IBM      2145             0000  /dev/sdd
[16:0:0:3]   disk    IBM      2145             0000  /dev/sde
[16:0:0:4]   disk    IBM      2145             0000  /dev/sdf
[16:0:0:5]   disk    IBM      2145             0000  /dev/sdg
[16:0:0:6]   disk    IBM      2145             0000  /dev/sdh
[16:0:0:7]   disk    IBM      2145             0000  /dev/sdi
[16:0:1:0]   disk    IBM      2145             0000  /dev/sdj
[16:0:1:1]   disk    IBM      2145             0000  /dev/sdk
[16:0:1:2]   disk    IBM      2145             0000  /dev/sdl
[16:0:1:3]   disk    IBM      2145             0000  /dev/sdm
[16:0:1:4]   disk    IBM      2145             0000  /dev/sdn
[16:0:1:5]   disk    IBM      2145             0000  /dev/sdo
[16:0:1:6]   disk    IBM      2145             0000  /dev/sdp
[16:0:1:7]   disk    IBM      2145             0000  /dev/sdq

在阵列映射关系上查看“主机LUN ID”，主机LUN ID（上面第一列的数据）和主机上看到LUN ID是一一对应的。

2. 查看磁盘挂载及分区使用情况

# df -Th
Filesystem              Type      Size  Used Avail Use% Mounted on
/dev/mapper/centos-root xfs        50G   21G   30G  42% /
devtmpfs                devtmpfs   16G     0   16G   0% /dev
tmpfs                   tmpfs      16G   12M   16G   1% /dev/shm
tmpfs                   tmpfs      16G   20M   16G   1% /run
tmpfs                   tmpfs      16G     0   16G   0% /sys/fs/cgroup
/dev/sda2               xfs      1014M  180M  835M  18% /boot
/dev/mapper/centos-u01  xfs       300G  9.0G  291G   3% /u01
/dev/mapper/centos-home xfs       100G  4.4G   96G   5% /home
tmpfs                   tmpfs     3.1G   12K  3.1G   1% /run/user/42
tmpfs                   tmpfs     3.1G   40K  3.1G   1% /run/user/0
tmpfs                   tmpfs     3.1G     0  3.1G   0% /run/user/1101

3. 服务器安装的硬盘状态（包括格式化和未格式化）

# fdisk –l
WARNING: fdisk GPT support is currently new, and therefore in an experimental phase. Use at your own discretion.

Disk /dev/sda: 3999.7 GB, 3999688294400 bytes, 7811891200 sectors
Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk label type: gpt
Disk identifier: 78E31235-5ECC-432D-B8B3-9A04CCCAE4E1

#         Start          End    Size  Type            Name
 1         2048         4095      1M  BIOS boot
 2         4096      2101247      1G  Microsoft basic
 3      2101248   7811889151    3.7T  Linux LVM

Disk /dev/mapper/centos-root: 53.7 GB, 53687091200 bytes, 104857600 sectors
Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes


Disk /dev/mapper/centos-swap: 16.6 GB, 16642998272 bytes, 32505856 sectors
Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes


Disk /dev/sdb: 536.9 GB, 536870912000 bytes, 1048576000 sectors
Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes


Disk /dev/sdc: 1102.7 GB, 1102732853248 bytes, 2153775104 sectors
Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes


Disk /dev/sdd: 107.4 GB, 107374182400 bytes, 209715200 sectors
Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes


Disk /dev/sde: 107.4 GB, 107374182400 bytes, 209715200 sectors
Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
......

4. 给磁盘添加新分区

4. 测试服务器磁盘的读写速度

# hdparm -tT /dev/sdb
/dev/sdb:
 Timing cached reads:   14942 MB in  2.00 seconds = 7479.77 MB/sec
 Timing buffered disk reads: 164 MB in 31.87 seconds =   5.15 MB/sec
# time dd if=/dev/sdb of=test.dbf bs=8k count=150000
150000+0 records in
150000+0 records out
1228800000 bytes (1.2 GB) copied, 66.7371 s, 18.4 MB/s

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