Spring-JPA（使用Hibernate作为JPA的实现）

最新推荐文章于 2024-02-20 09:52:51 发布

一朝风月S

最新推荐文章于 2024-02-20 09:52:51 发布

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分类专栏：大数据 Hive Spring家族后端 JPA 文章标签： Spring JPA Spring-JPA Spring整合JPA Hive

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/weixin_37624828/article/details/85234237

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1 简介

在Spring2.0版本中，Spring首次集成了JPA，很多开发人员都推荐在基于Spring的应用程序中使用JPA实现持久化。实际上，有些人还将Spring-JPA合称为POJO开发的梦之队。

2 示例

在本示例中使用Hibernate作为JPA的实现，也可以选择类似的其他技术如MyBatis也是可以的。

2.1 配置数据源

我这边采用的是Hive作为数据源从中读取records表的数据。

	@Bean
	public BasicDataSource dataSource(){
		BasicDataSource ds = new BasicDataSource();
		ds.setDriverClassName("org.apache.hive.jdbc.HiveDriver");
		ds.setUrl("jdbc:hive2://192.168.225.100:10000/default");
		ds.setUsername("hive");
		ds.setPassword("123456");
		ds.setInitialSize(5);
		ds.setMaxActive(10);
		return ds;

2.2 配置实体管理器工厂

基于JPA的应用程序需要使用EntityManagerFactory的实现类来获取EntityManager实例。JPA定义了两种类型的实体管理器：

应用程序管理类型 – 这种方式的实体管理器适合于不运行在JavaEE容器中的独立应用程序。
容器管理类型 – 这种类型的实体管理器适用于JavaEE容器。

我这里未来需要做个Web项目做大数据平台的展示，所以选择容器管理类型的实体管理器。

	@Bean
	public LocalContainerEntityManagerFactoryBean entityManageFactory(DataSource dataSource, JpaVendorAdapter jpaVendorAdapter){
		LocalContainerEntityManagerFactoryBean emfb = new LocalContainerEntityManagerFactoryBean();
		emfb.setDataSource(dataSource);
		emfb.setJpaVendorAdapter(jpaVendorAdapter);
		emfb.setPackagesToScan("com.css.test.jpa");
		return emfb;
	}

2.3 JPA适配器

这里采用Hibernate作为JPA的实现方式。

	@Bean
	public JpaVendorAdapter jpaVendorAdapter(){
		HibernateJpaVendorAdapter adapter = new HibernateJpaVendorAdapter();
		adapter.setDatabase(Database.HSQL);
		adapter.setShowSql(true);
		adapter.setGenerateDdl(false);
		adapter.setDatabasePlatform("org.hibernate.dialect.HSQLDialect");
		return adapter;
	}

2.4 编写基于JPA的Repository

因为纯粹的JPA方式远胜于基于模板的JPA，所以我这里选择构建不依赖与Spring的JPA Repository。

import javax.persistence.EntityManagerFactory;
import javax.persistence.PersistenceUnit;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Repository;
import org.springframework.transaction.annotation.Transactional;
@Repository
@Transactional
public class JpaRecordsRepository implements RecordsRepository {
	@PersistenceUnit
	private EntityManagerFactory emf;
	
	public void addRecords(Records record){
		emf.createEntityManager().persist(record);
	}
	
	public Records getRecordsByQuality(Integer quality){
		return emf.createEntityManager().find(Records.class, quality);
	}
	
	public void saveRecords(Records record){
		emf.createEntityManager().merge(record);
	}
}

3 完整源代码

代码清单

JpaConfig.java – JPA配置类
Records.java – 实体，用于描述records表的数据结构
RecordsRepository.java – 对records表进行操作的接口
JpaRecordsRepository.java – RecordsRepository接口的实现类
springContext.xml – Spring上下文配置文件
TestJPA.java – 测试程序

JpaConfig.java

/**
 * 配置类
 * @author HP
 *
 */
@Configuration
@ComponentScan
public class JpaConfig {
	@Bean
	public BasicDataSource dataSource(){
		BasicDataSource ds = new BasicDataSource();
		ds.setDriverClassName("org.apache.hive.jdbc.HiveDriver");
		ds.setUrl("jdbc:hive2://192.168.225.100:10000/default");
		ds.setUsername("hive");
		ds.setPassword("123456");
		ds.setInitialSize(5);
		ds.setMaxActive(10);
		return ds;
	}
	@Bean
	public LocalContainerEntityManagerFactoryBean entityManageFactory(DataSource dataSource, JpaVendorAdapter jpaVendorAdapter){
		LocalContainerEntityManagerFactoryBean emfb = new LocalContainerEntityManagerFactoryBean();
		emfb.setDataSource(dataSource);
		emfb.setJpaVendorAdapter(jpaVendorAdapter);
		emfb.setPackagesToScan("com.css.test.jpa");
		return emfb;
	}
	@Bean
	public JpaVendorAdapter jpaVendorAdapter(){
		HibernateJpaVendorAdapter adapter = new HibernateJpaVendorAdapter();
		adapter.setDatabase(Database.HSQL);
		adapter.setShowSql(true);
		adapter.setGenerateDdl(false);
		adapter.setDatabasePlatform("org.hibernate.dialect.HSQLDialect");
		return adapter;
	}
}

Records.java

import javax.persistence.Column;
import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.Id;
/**
 * 实体
 * @author HP
 *
 */
@Entity(name="records")
public class Records {
	@Column
	private String year;
	@Column
	private Integer temperature;
	@Column
	private Integer quality;
	
	public Records() {
		super();
	}

	public Records(String year, Integer temperature, Integer quality) {
		super();
		this.year = year;
		this.temperature = temperature;
		this.quality = quality;
	}

	public String getYear() {
		return year;
	}

	public void setYear(String year) {
		this.year = year;
	}

	public Integer getTemperature() {
		return temperature;
	}

	public void setTemperature(Integer temperature) {
		this.temperature = temperature;
	}
	@Id
	public Integer getQuality() {
		return quality;
	}

	public void setQuality(Integer quality) {
		this.quality = quality;
	}

	@Override
	public String toString() {
		return "Records [year=" + year + ", temperature=" + temperature + ", quality=" + quality + "]";
	}
}

RecordsRepository.java

public interface RecordsRepository {
	public void addRecords(Records record);
	public Records getRecordsByQuality(Integer quality);
	public void saveRecords(Records record);
}

JpaRecordsRepository.java

import javax.persistence.EntityManagerFactory;
import javax.persistence.PersistenceUnit;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Repository;
import org.springframework.transaction.annotation.Transactional;
@Repository
@Transactional
public class JpaRecordsRepository implements RecordsRepository {
	@PersistenceUnit
	private EntityManagerFactory emf;
	
	public void addRecords(Records record){
		emf.createEntityManager().persist(record);
	}
	
	public Records getRecordsByQuality(Integer quality){
		return emf.createEntityManager().find(Records.class, quality);
	}
	
	public void saveRecords(Records record){
		emf.createEntityManager().merge(record);
	}
}

springContext.xml

<context:component-scan base-package="com.css.test.jpa"></context:component-scan>

TestJPA.java

import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.AnnotationConfigApplicationContext;
/**
 * 程序入口
 * @author HP
 *
 */
public class TestJPA {
	public static void main(String[] args) {
		ApplicationContext ac = new AnnotationConfigApplicationContext(JpaConfig.class);
		RecordsRepository rr = ac.getBean(RecordsRepository.class);
		Records record = rr.getRecordsByQuality(2);
		System.out.println(record);
	}
}

测试

Hive中的数据是这样的：
在这里插入图片描述
运行测试程序（TestJPA.java）

附录

在编写这个程序的时候有可能产生导入jar包出现问题，我把我的pom.xml文件也贴在这里方便大家查找问题。
pom.xml（运用的技术比较综合内容可能有点多……）

<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
	xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/maven-v4_0_0.xsd">
	<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
	<groupId>com.strategy</groupId>
	<artifactId>second</artifactId>
	<packaging>war</packaging>
	<version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
	<name>second Maven Webapp</name>
	<url>http://maven.apache.org</url>
	<properties>
		<spring.version>5.0.0.RELEASE</spring.version>
	</properties>
	<dependencies>
		<dependency>
			<groupId>jdk.tools</groupId>
			<artifactId>jdk.tools</artifactId>
			<version>1.8</version>
			<scope>system</scope>
			<systemPath>${JAVA_HOME}/lib/tools.jar</systemPath>
		</dependency>
		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.apache.hadoop</groupId>
			<artifactId>hadoop-common</artifactId>
			<version>2.7.3</version>
		</dependency>
		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.apache.hadoop</groupId>
			<artifactId>hadoop-hdfs</artifactId>
			<version>2.7.3</version>
		</dependency>
		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.apache.hadoop</groupId>
			<artifactId>hadoop-client</artifactId>
			<version>2.7.3</version>
		</dependency>
		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.apache.hadoop</groupId>
			<artifactId>hadoop-minicluster</artifactId>
			<version>2.7.3</version>
		</dependency>
		<!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/junit/junit -->
		<dependency>
			<groupId>junit</groupId>
			<artifactId>junit</artifactId>
			<version>4.12</version>
		</dependency>
		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
			<artifactId>spring-core</artifactId>
			<version>${spring.version}</version>
		</dependency>
		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
			<artifactId>spring-web</artifactId>
			<version>${spring.version}</version>
		</dependency>
		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
			<artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
			<version>${spring.version}</version>
		</dependency>
		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
			<artifactId>spring-aop</artifactId>
			<version>${spring.version}</version>
		</dependency>
		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
			<artifactId>spring-jdbc</artifactId>
			<version>${spring.version}</version>
		</dependency>
		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
			<artifactId>spring-test</artifactId>
			<version>${spring.version}</version>
		</dependency>
		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.aspectj</groupId>
			<artifactId>aspectjweaver</artifactId>
			<version>1.8.4</version>
		</dependency>
		<dependency>
			<groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
			<artifactId>javax.servlet-api</artifactId>
			<version>3.1.0</version>
		</dependency>
		<dependency>
			<groupId>com.codahale.metrics</groupId>
			<artifactId>metrics-core</artifactId>
			<version>3.0.2</version>
		</dependency>
		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.apache.hbase</groupId>
			<artifactId>hbase</artifactId>
			<version>0.98.13-hadoop2</version>
			<type>pom</type>
		</dependency>
		<!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.apache.hbase/hbase-client -->
		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.apache.hbase</groupId>
			<artifactId>hbase-client</artifactId>
			<version>0.98.13-hadoop2</version>
		</dependency>
		<!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.apache.hbase/hbase-common -->
		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.apache.hbase</groupId>
			<artifactId>hbase-common</artifactId>
			<version>0.98.13-hadoop2</version>
		</dependency>
		<!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.apache.hive/hive-jdbc -->
		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.apache.hive</groupId>
			<artifactId>hive-jdbc</artifactId>
			<version>2.3.4</version>
		</dependency>
		<!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.springframework.data/spring-data-jpa -->
		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.springframework.data</groupId>
			<artifactId>spring-data-jpa</artifactId>
			<version>2.1.3.RELEASE</version>
		</dependency>
		<!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.hibernate.javax.persistence/hibernate-jpa-2.0-api -->
		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.hibernate.javax.persistence</groupId>
			<artifactId>hibernate-jpa-2.0-api</artifactId>
			<version>1.0.1.Final</version>
		</dependency>
		<!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.hibernate/hibernate-core -->
		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.hibernate</groupId>
			<artifactId>hibernate-core</artifactId>
			<version>5.3.7.Final</version>
		</dependency>
		<dependency>
			<groupId>javax.persistence</groupId>
			<artifactId>persistence-api</artifactId>
			<version>1.0.2</version>
		</dependency>
	</dependencies>
	<build>
		<finalName>second</finalName>
	</build>
</project>

一朝风月S

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Spring-JPA（使用Hibernate作为JPA的实现）

1 简介在Spring2.0版本中，Spring首次集成了JPA，很多开发人员都推荐在基于Spring的应用程序中使用JPA实现持久化。实际上，有些人还将Spring-JPA合称为POJO开发的梦之队。2 示例在本示例中使用Hibernate作为JPA的实现，也可以选择类似的其他技术如MyBatis也是可以的。2.1 配置数据源我这边采用的是Hive作为数据源从中读取records表的数...
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