JAVA 计算卫星轨道星下点经度、纬度、高度----亲测和STK高度一致

（一）工程中加入依赖库orekit-12.1.1.jar，不然所需类无法引入，此外如果是maven项目还需要在pom中添加以下依赖

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.hipparchus</groupId>
            <artifactId>hipparchus-fitting</artifactId>
            <version>3.0</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.hipparchus</groupId>
            <artifactId>hipparchus-clustering</artifactId>
            <version>3.0</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.hipparchus</groupId>
            <artifactId>hipparchus-fft</artifactId>
            <version>3.0</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.hipparchus</groupId>
            <artifactId>hipparchus-filtering</artifactId>
            <version>3.0</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.hipparchus</groupId>
            <artifactId>hipparchus-geometry</artifactId>
            <version>3.0</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.hipparchus</groupId>
            <artifactId>hipparchus-ode</artifactId>
            <version>3.0</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.hipparchus</groupId>
            <artifactId>hipparchus-optim</artifactId>
            <version>3.0</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.hipparchus</groupId>
            <artifactId>hipparchus-stat</artifactId>
            <version>3.0</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.hipparchus</groupId>
            <artifactId>hipparchus-migration</artifactId>
            <version>3.0</version>
        </dependency>

（二）需要准备 orekit-data  ，orikit-data文件下载地址：https://gitlab.orekit.org/orekit/orekit-data/-/archive/master/orekit-data-master.zip，下载后，解压文件，将解压后的文件目录放到项目需要部署的某个目录，后续代码中需要通过文件路径读取

（三）经过上面两步骤后，运行环境准备完毕。下面直接上代码

计算一段时间内卫星的星下点经纬高。

import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;
import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;
import org.orekit.time.TimeScale;
import org.orekit.utils.Constants;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.boot.test.context.SpringBootTest;
import java.io.File;
import java.time.LocalDateTime;
import java.time.format.DateTimeFormatter;
import org.hipparchus.util.FastMath;
import org.orekit.bodies.GeodeticPoint;
import org.orekit.bodies.OneAxisEllipsoid;
import org.orekit.data.DataContext;
import org.orekit.data.DirectoryCrawler;
import org.orekit.frames.Frame;
import org.orekit.frames.FramesFactory;
import org.orekit.propagation.analytical.tle.TLE;
import org.orekit.propagation.analytical.tle.TLEPropagator;
import org.orekit.time.AbsoluteDate;
import org.orekit.time.TimeScalesFactory;
import org.orekit.utils.IERSConventions;
import org.orekit.utils.PVCoordinates;
import java.net.HttpURLConnection;
import java.net.URL;
import java.time.ZoneId;
import java.time.ZonedDateTime;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Date;
import java.util.List;

@Slf4j
@SpringBootTest
class TestApplicationTests {

    @Autowired
    private OrbitUtil orbitUtil;

    @Test
    void getOrbitPoint() throws Exception {
        String startTime = "2024-07-17 14:06:00";
        String endTime = "2024-07-18 14:06:00";
        
        //俩行根数也可以按照本人的另外一个博客《在线获取卫星二行根数TLE》中调用api方式获取
        String line1 = "";  //两行根数的line1
        String line2 = "";  //两行根数的line2 
        String filePath = "E:\\lib\\orekit-data";
        getSatInfo(filePath,line1,line2, TimeUtil.stringToDate(startTime),TimeUtil.stringToDate(endTime));

    }

    public void getSatInfo(String filePath,String line1, String line2, Date startDate, Date endDate) {
        List<PositionLatLon> positionLatLons = new ArrayList();

        // 本地orekit-data文件地址
        File orekitData = new File(filePath);
        DataContext.getDefault().getDataProvidersManager().addProvider(new DirectoryCrawler(orekitData));

        TimeScale utc = TimeScalesFactory.getUTC();

        TLE tle = new TLE(line1, line2);
        TLEPropagator propagator = TLEPropagator.selectExtrapolator(tle);
        //时间间隔步长：秒
        int stepSize = 60;

        //计算时间段由北京时间转为UTC时间
        AbsoluteDate start = new AbsoluteDate(startDate, utc);
        AbsoluteDate end = new AbsoluteDate(endDate, utc);

        // 每隔stepSize秒，计算一次星下点
        for (AbsoluteDate date = start; date.compareTo(end) <= 0; date = date.shiftedBy(stepSize)) {

            //PV坐标系
            PVCoordinates pvCoordinates = propagator.getPVCoordinates(date, FramesFactory.getITRF(IERSConventions.IERS_2010, true));

            //ECFF坐标系
            Frame earthFrame = FramesFactory.getITRF(IERSConventions.IERS_2010, true);
            OneAxisEllipsoid earth = new OneAxisEllipsoid(Constants.WGS84_EARTH_EQUATORIAL_RADIUS, Constants.WGS84_EARTH_FLATTENING, earthFrame);

            //转为大地坐标系
            GeodeticPoint geoPoint = earth.transform(pvCoordinates.getPosition(), earthFrame, date);

            double lat = FastMath.toDegrees(geoPoint.getLatitude()); //卫星当前时刻的纬度 单位：度
            double lon = FastMath.toDegrees(geoPoint.getLongitude());  //卫星当前时刻的经度 单位：度
            double alt = geoPoint.getAltitude(); ///卫星当前时刻的高度 ，单位：米

            String utcTime = date.toString(utc);
            Date beijingDate = date.toDate(utc);
            String beijingTime = TimeUtil.dateToString(beijingDate);

            log.info("北京时间：{}, UTC时间：{}, 经度：{}°，纬度：{}°，高度:{}米",beijingTime,utcTime,lon,lat,alt);
        }
  
    }

 
}

(四) 结果验证

上面计算了一段时间内，每隔60秒一次的卫星经纬高坐标，将计算结果和STK中的结果进行对比后，发现结果高度一致，相差微乎其微。如果STK中使用的TLE和上述代码中一致的话，结果更接近。