LaTeX 公式多行对齐

使用cases添加大括号，shiyong&作为对齐的节点，\\对每行公式换行

\begin{equation}
    \begin{cases}
\left\{\boldsymbol{ z}^s_l\right\}_L&=\left\{P_l\left(E_l\left(x^s\right)\right)\right\}\\
\left\{\boldsymbol{z}^{s+}_l\right\}_L&=\left\{P_l\left(E_l\left( \boldsymbol{x}^{s+}\right)\right)\right\},\\
\left\{\boldsymbol{z}^{s-}_l\right\}_L&=\left\{P_l\left(E_l\left( \boldsymbol{x}^{s-}\right)\right)\right\}
    \end{cases}
\end{equation}

使用aligned进行多行公式对齐，&作为对齐的节点，\\作为公式换行

\begin{equation}
\begin{aligned}
    \mathcal{L}_{\textit {Patch}}&= \sum_{l=1}^L \sum_{s=1}^{S_l} \ell\left(\hat{z}_l^s, {\boldsymbol{z}_l^{s}}^+, {z_l^{s}}^{-}\right) \\
                &= \sum_{l=1}^L \sum_{s=1}^{S_l} -\log\left[ \frac{e^{sim(\hat{z}^{s}_{l},z^{s+}_{l})/\tau} }{e^{sim(\hat{z}^{s}_{l},z^{s+}_{l})/\tau}+ \sum \limits_{z^{s-}_l}e^{sim(\hat{z}^{s}_{l},z^{s-}_{l})/\tau} }  \right],
\end{aligned}
\end{equation}