基于注解配置的spring实例

• ?：前面说了，spring IoC容器的Bean可以来自不同Resource，前面说了基于xml配置的Bean，现在来说基于注解的配置的Bean
• ?：之所以用注解，是为了更方便啦。
• ?：定义一个实体类User

package spring.annotation;

import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;

@Component //普通的Bean注解
public class User {

    private String username;
    private int age;

    public String getUsername() {
        return username;
    }

    public void setUsername(String username) {
        this.username = username;
    }

    public int getAge() {
        return age;
    }

    public void setAge(int age) {
        this.age = age;
    }
    private void haha() {
        System.out.println("haha");
    }
}

?：定义一个UserDao类，持久层的类，用@Repository(“userDao”)标志，这个注解是在@Component基础上扩展的，用来表示职责，代码是

package spring.annotation;

import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Qualifier;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Repository;

//@Component("userDao")
@Repository("userDao")
public class UserDao {
    @Autowired
    @Qualifier("user") //指定User Bean的id
    private User user;

    public User getUser() {
        return user;
    }

    public void setUser(User user) {
        this.user = user;
    }

    public void save() {
        System.out.println("保存了 " + user.getUsername() + "用户");
    }
}

?：编写业务层Service的类，用@Service标识，Bean的id默认是Service类的类名首字母小写，其他不变，代码如下

package spring.annotation;

import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;

@Service("userService")
public class UserService {
    @Autowired //自动匹配Bean，可以在xml文件中配置自动匹配的规则
    private UserDao userDao;

    public UserDao getUserDao() {
        return userDao;
    }

    public void setUserDao(UserDao userDao) {
        this.userDao = userDao;
    }
}

最后别忘了配置一下applicationContext.xml，配置一个注解包扫描

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd" default-autowire="byName">

    <context:component-scan base-package="spring.annotation"></context:component-scan>

    <!--<bean id="user" class="spring.annotation.User">
        <property name="username">
            <value>shiqi</value>
        </property>
        <property name="age">
            <value>17</value>
        </property>
    </bean>-->
</beans>

?：最后就可以测试一下啦

package spring.annotation;

import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;

public class annotationTest {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        ApplicationContext applicationContext = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("annotation.xml");
        User user = (User)applicationContext.getBean("user");
        user.setUsername("shiqi");
        UserDao userDao = (UserDao)applicationContext.getBean("userDao");
        System.out.println(userDao.getUser().getUsername());
        UserService userService = (UserService)applicationContext.getBean("userService");
        userService.getUserDao().save();
    }
}

测试结果

• ?：实战中一般就是使用的Xml加注解的配置方式