C++基础知识（字符串封装）

//MyString.h
#pragma once
#define _CRT_SECURE_NO_WARNINGS
#include<iostream>
using namespace std;

class MyString
{
	friend istream& operator>>(istream& cin, MyString &str);
	friend ostream& operator<<(ostream& cout, MyString & str);
public:
	MyString(const char *);

	MyString(const MyString & str);

	~MyString();

	//重载=运算符
	MyString& operator=(const char *str);
	MyString& operator=(const MyString & str);

	//重载[]
	char& operator[](int index);

	//重载+
	MyString operator+(const char * str);
	MyString operator+(const MyString & str);

	//重载==
	bool operator==(const char* str);
	bool operator==(const MyString & str);

private:
	char *pString;  //指向堆区的指针
	int m_Size;    //字符串大小
};

//MyString.cpp
#include"MyString.h"

ostream& operator<<(ostream& cout, MyString & str)
{
	cout << str.pString;
	return cout;
}

//右移运算符重载
istream& operator>>(istream& cin, MyString &str)
{
	//先判断原始是否有内容，如果有，清空
	if (str.pString != NULL)
	{
		delete[] str.pString;
		str.pString = NULL;
	}

	//让用户输入内容
	char buf[1024];
	cin >> buf;

	//把用户输入的字符串 赋值给 str
	str.pString = new char[strlen(buf) + 1];
	strcpy(str.pString, buf);

	str.m_Size = strlen(buf);
	
	return cin;
}


MyString::MyString(const char * str)
{
	cout << "有参构造" << endl;
	this->pString = new char[strlen(str) + 1];
	strcpy(this->pString, str);
	this->m_Size = strlen(str);
}

MyString::MyString(const MyString & str)
{
	this->pString = new char[strlen(str.pString) + 1];
	strcpy(this->pString, str.pString);
	this->m_Size = str.m_Size;
}

MyString::~MyString()
{
	cout << "析构函数调用" << endl;
	if (this->pString != NULL)
	{
		delete[] this->pString;
		this->pString = NULL;
	}
}

MyString& MyString::operator=(const char * str)
{
	if (this->pString != NULL)
	{
		delete[] this->pString;
		this->pString = NULL;
	}
	this->pString = new char[strlen(str) + 1];
	strcpy(this->pString, str);

	return *this;
}

MyString& MyString::operator=(const MyString & str)
{
	if (this->pString != NULL)
	{
		delete[] this->pString;
		this->pString = NULL;
	}
	this->pString = new char[strlen(str.pString) + 1];
	strcpy(this->pString, str.pString);

	return *this;
}

char& MyString::operator[](int index)
{
	return this->pString[index];
}


MyString MyString::operator+(const char* str)
{
	//返回的字符串开辟的大小
	int newSize = this->m_Size + strlen(str) + 1;

	char* tmp = new char[newSize];

	memset(tmp, 0, newSize);

	//拼接字符串
	strcat(tmp, this->pString);
	strcat(tmp, str);

	MyString newStr(tmp);
	delete[] tmp;
	return newStr;
}


MyString MyString::operator+(const MyString& str)
{
	//返回的字符串开辟的大小
	int newSize = this->m_Size + strlen(str.pString) + 1;

	char* tmp = new char[newSize];

	memset(tmp, 0, newSize);

	//拼接字符串
	strcat(tmp, this->pString);
	strcat(tmp, str.pString);

	MyString newStr(tmp);
	delete[] tmp;
	return newStr;
}

bool MyString::operator==(const char * str)
{
	if (strcmp(this->pString, str)==0 && this->m_Size==strlen(str))
	{
		return true;
	}
	return false;
}

bool MyString::operator==(const MyString & str)
{
	if (strcmp(this->pString, str.pString) == 0 && this->m_Size == strlen(str.pString))
	{
		return true;
	}
	return false;
}

//main.cpp
#include<iostream>
using namespace std;
#include"MyString.h"
//测试MyString
void test01()
{
	MyString str = "abc";
	cout << str << endl;

	/*cout << "请输入str新的内容：" << endl;
	cin >> str;
	cout << "新内容为：" << str << endl;*/

	MyString str2(str);

	MyString str3 = "aaaaaa";

	str3 = str2;
	str3 = "aaa";
	cout << "str3 =" << str3 << endl;
	str3[0] = 'w';
	cout << "str3[0]=" << str3[0] << endl;

	MyString str4 = "";
	str4 = str2 + str3; //字符串拼接

	cout << "str4=" << str4 << endl;

	if (str3 == str4)
	{
		cout << "str3和str4相等" << endl;
	}
	else
	{
		cout << "str3和str4不相等" << endl;
	}
	/*int a = 10;
	cin >> a;
	cout << "a=" << a << endl;*/
}

int main()
{
	test01();
	system("pause");
	return 0;
}