Docker实战之镜像和容器操作

基于上次打包grafana服务，在服务的基础上部署postgres、redis、nginx三个服务，在每增加一个服务时将容器重新打包成镜像。

充分体现了docker的优点：1、跨平台可移植性，按统一标准打包；2、面向应用，优化部署应用；3、版本控制；4、组件复用，组件式搭建；5、共享性，公共的注册服务器。

下面展示操作过程：
1、将镜像到处迁移到其他机器上运行
导出镜像：

导入镜像:

运行容器：

[root@docker-slave-79101 ~]# docker run -d -p 3000:3000 -p 3222:22 centos_grafana:v1 /usr/local/promethues/grafana-7.1.5/bin/grafana-server
[root@docker-slave-79101 ~]# docker ps -a
CONTAINER ID        IMAGE               COMMAND                  CREATED             STATUS              PORTS                                                                  NAMES
e4665c5ad1a8        centos_grafana:v1   "/usr/local/promet..."   46 minutes ago      Up 46 minutes       0.0.0.0:3000->3000/tcp, 0.0.0.0:5432->5432/tcp, 0.0.0.0:3222->22/tcp   nostalgic_stall
man

登录容器：

[root@docker-slave-79101 ~]# docker exec -it e4665c5ad1a8 /bin/bash

容器启动ssh登录：

注：若提醒密码不正确，可以登录容器修改root密码：

打包运行的容器成镜像

[root@docker-slave-79101 ~]# docker commit -a="believer" -m="base on grafana then add postgres server" e4665c5ad1a8  centos_grafana_postgres_redis:v1 
sha256:430665c43ed40fa073102ee50c7314202d1374522016f134e842543792c31e68
[root@docker-slave-79101 ~]# docker images
REPOSITORY                      TAG                 IMAGE ID            CREATED              SIZE
centos_grafana_postgres_redis   v1                  430665c43ed4        About a minute ago   2.32 GB
centos_grafana_postgres         v1                  e95dd4aaf7a9        6 minutes ago        2.13 GB
centos_grafana                  v1                  d91e67ddd15b        2 days ago           1.84 GB
[root@docker-slave-79101 ~]# docker rmi 430665c43ed4
Untagged: centos_grafana_postgres_redis:v1
Deleted: sha256:430665c43ed40fa073102ee50c7314202d1374522016f134e842543792c31e68
Deleted: sha256:3351c3e77e953bc93b2e454999a085ef9eb92e7fde7d1abeb43180172acf50f5
[root@docker-slave-79101 ~]# docker commit -a="believer" -m="base on grafana then add postgres server and redis server" e4665c5ad1a8  centos_grafana_postgres_redis:v2 
sha256:03ca71d3d334217c7361d000bea6b8049dd9097073a609bc6188d261ff42bbf2
[root@docker-slave-79101 ~]# docker images
REPOSITORY                      TAG                 IMAGE ID            CREATED             SIZE
centos_grafana_postgres_redis   v2                  03ca71d3d334        6 seconds ago       2.32 GB
centos_grafana_postgres         v1                  e95dd4aaf7a9        6 minutes ago       2.13 GB
centos_grafana                  v1                  d91e67ddd15b        2 days ago          1.84 GB
[root@docker-slave-79101 ~]# ll

将所有服务写成启动脚本：

[root@9f6b9d859c89 grafana-7.1.5]# cat /opt/start.sh 
#!/bin/bash
/usr/sbin/sshd -D & 
/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -c /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf
/data/redis/bin/redis-server /data/redis/etc/redis.conf
su - postgres -c 'pg_ctl -D /data/12 start'
/usr/local/promethues/grafana-7.1.5/bin/grafana-server

提交运行的容器：

[root@docker-slave-79101 ~]# docker ps -a
CONTAINER ID        IMAGE                                    COMMAND                  CREATED             STATUS                          PORTS                                                
                                                              NAMES3be84e9d403f        centos_grafana_postgres_redis_nginx:v4   "/usr/local/promet..."   4 minutes ago       Exited (0) About a minute ago                                                        
                                                              flamboyant_bose31c8f09e8b9c        centos_grafana_postgres_redis_nginx:v3   "/usr/sbin/sshd -D"      17 minutes ago      Up 58 seconds                   0.0.0.0:80->80/tcp, 0.0.0.0:3000->3000/tcp, 0.0.0.0:5
432->5432/tcp, 0.0.0.0:6379->6379/tcp, 0.0.0.0:4222->22/tcp   happy_winge4665c5ad1a8        centos_grafana:v1                        "/usr/local/promet..."   About an hour ago   Exited (0) 44 minutes ago                                                            
                                                              nostalgic_stallman
[root@docker-slave-79101 ~]# docker commit -a="believer" -m="base on grafana then add postgres server and redis server and nginx servers" 31c8f09e8b9c centos_grafana_postgres_redis_nginx:v6
sha256:f9deffae25935d5ae473f2b9ca86dbed1cf3c42c16a6799ff82c1bbf1b40390c
[root@docker-slave-79101 ~]# docker images
REPOSITORY                            TAG                 IMAGE ID            CREATED             SIZE
centos_grafana_postgres_redis_nginx   v6                  f9deffae2593        6 seconds ago       2.53 GB
centos_grafana_postgres_redis_nginx   v4                  268762e01870        9 minutes ago       2.49 GB
centos_grafana_postgres_redis_nginx   v3                  ef25a98a25f3        20 minutes ago      2.53 GB
centos_grafana_postgres_redis         v2                  03ca71d3d334        About an hour ago   2.32 GB
centos_grafana_postgres               v1                  e95dd4aaf7a9        About an hour ago   2.13 GB
centos_grafana                        v1                  d91e67ddd15b        2 days ago          1.84 GB

利用已提交的镜像运行新的容器：

docker run  -p 4222:22 -p 80:80 -p 6379:6379  -p 5432:5432 -p 3000:3000 centos_grafana_postgres_redis_nginx:v6 /opt/start.sh

登录容器检查服务和端口

[root@docker-slave-79101 ~]# docker exec -it 9f6b9d859c89 /bin/bash
[root@9f6b9d859c89 grafana-7.1.5]# ps -ef
UID         PID   PPID  C STIME TTY          TIME CMD
root          1      0  0 19:41 ?        00:00:00 /bin/bash /opt/start.sh
root          8      1  0 19:41 ?        00:00:00 /usr/sbin/sshd -D
root         10      1  0 19:41 ?        00:00:00 nginx: master process /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -c /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf
nginx        12     10  0 19:41 ?        00:00:00 nginx: worker process
root         13      1  0 19:41 ?        00:00:00 /data/redis/bin/redis-server 127.0.0.1:6379
postgres     32      1  0 19:41 ?        00:00:00 /opt/postgres/bin/postgres -D /data/12
postgres     34     32  0 19:41 ?        00:00:00 postgres: checkpointer process   
postgres     35     32  0 19:41 ?        00:00:00 postgres: writer process   
postgres     36     32  0 19:41 ?        00:00:00 postgres: wal writer process   
postgres     37     32  0 19:41 ?        00:00:00 postgres: autovacuum launcher process  
postgres     38     32  0 19:41 ?        00:00:00 postgres: stats collector process   
postgres     39     32  0 19:41 ?        00:00:00 postgres: bgworker: logical replication launcher  
root         40      1  1 19:41 ?        00:00:00 /usr/local/promethues/grafana-7.1.5/bin/grafana-server
root         52      0  0 19:41 ?        00:00:00 /bin/bash
root         67     52  0 19:42 ?        00:00:00 ps -ef

[root@9f6b9d859c89 grafana-7.1.5]# ss -tlnp
State       Recv-Q Send-Q                                                  Local Address:Port                                                                 Peer Address:Port              
LISTEN      0      128                                                         127.0.0.1:6379                                                                            *:*                   
users:(("redis-server",pid=13,fd=6))LISTEN      0      128                                                                 *:80                                                                              *:*                   
users:(("nginx",pid=10,fd=6))LISTEN      0      128                                                                 *:22                                                                              *:*                   
users:(("sshd",pid=8,fd=3))LISTEN      0      128                                                         127.0.0.1:5432                                                                            *:*                  
LISTEN      0      128                                                                :::22                                                                             :::*                   
users:(("sshd",pid=8,fd=4))LISTEN      0      128                                                                :::3000                                                                           :::*                   
users:(("grafana-server",pid=40,fd=10))LISTEN      0      128                                                               ::1:5432                                                                           :::*                  

实操记录暂且告一段落，有什么不足之处，欢迎指正和交流~~~