➢ 获取IP
地址
在开发工作中,我们常常需要获取客户端的IP
➢ nginx
配置
为了拿到真实的IP
地址,避免代理等错误源,需要在nginx
配置
location / { # 指向当前的某个服务端口(根据服务单独java打包jar开启对应的服务) proxy_pass http://127.0.0.1:端口号; # 这里配置java获取客户端真实的ip地址(避免因为nginx反向代理造成ip 127.0.0.1等其他错误现象) proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for; set $Real $http_x_forwarded_for; if ( $Real ~ (\d+)\.(\d+)\.(\d+)\.(\d+),(.*) ){ set $Real $1.$2.$3.$4; } proxy_set_header X-Real-Ip $Real; }
➢ java API
获取
//获取ip地址 @GetMapping(value = "/getIp") @ResponseBody private String getIpAddr(HttpServletRequest request) { String ip = request.getHeader("x-forwarded-for"); System.out.println("x-forwarded-for ip: " + ip); if (ip != null && ip.length() != 0 && !"unknown".equalsIgnoreCase(ip)) { // 多次反向代理后会有多个ip值,第一个ip才是真实ip if (ip.indexOf(",") != -1) { ip = ip.split(",")[0]; } } if (ip == null || ip.length() == 0 || "unknown".equalsIgnoreCase(ip)) { ip = request.getHeader("Proxy-Client-IP"); System.out.println("Proxy-Client-IP ip: " + ip); } if (ip == null || ip.length() == 0 || "unknown".equalsIgnoreCase(ip)) { ip = request.getHeader("WL-Proxy-Client-IP"); System.out.println("WL-Proxy-Client-IP ip: " + ip); } if (ip == null || ip.length() == 0 || "unknown".equalsIgnoreCase(ip)) { ip = request.getHeader("HTTP_CLIENT_IP"); System.out.println("HTTP_CLIENT_IP ip: " + ip); } if (ip == null || ip.length() == 0 || "unknown".equalsIgnoreCase(ip)) { ip = request.getHeader("HTTP_X_FORWARDED_FOR"); System.out.println("HTTP_X_FORWARDED_FOR ip: " + ip); } if (ip == null || ip.length() == 0 || "unknown".equalsIgnoreCase(ip)) { ip = request.getHeader("X-Real-IP"); System.out.println("X-Real-IP ip: " + ip); } if (ip == null || ip.length() == 0 || "unknown".equalsIgnoreCase(ip)) { ip = request.getRemoteAddr(); System.out.println("getRemoteAddr ip: " + ip); } System.out.println("获取客户端ip: " + ip); return ip; }
➢ Tips
ip
可以定位用户的网段,稍作处理可以定位访客的大致地理位置,甚至精确到门牌号