用了这么久的springmvc框架，被其魅力所打动，所以想手写一个自己的springmvc验证一下对其的理解。我们可以去尝试看它的源码，这里就不做过多解释了，直接上干货。
protected void initStrategies(ApplicationContext context) {
//用于处理上传请求。处理方法是将普通的request包装成MultipartHttpServletRequest，后者可以直接调用getFile方法获取File.
initMultipartResolver(context);
//SpringMVC主要有两个地方用到了Locale：一是ViewResolver视图解析的时候；二是用到国际化资源或者主题的时候。
initLocaleResolver(context);
//用于解析主题。SpringMVC中一个主题对应一个properties文件，里面存放着跟当前主题相关的所有资源、
//如图片、css样式等。SpringMVC的主题也支持国际化，
initThemeResolver(context);
//用来查找Handler的。
initHandlerMappings(context);
//从名字上看，它就是一个适配器。Servlet需要的处理方法的结构却是固定的，都是以request和response为参数的方法。
//如何让固定的Servlet处理方法调用灵活的Handler来进行处理呢？这就是HandlerAdapter要做的事情
initHandlerAdapters(context);
//其它组件都是用来干活的。在干活的过程中难免会出现问题，出问题后怎么办呢？
//这就需要有一个专门的角色对异常情况进行处理，在SpringMVC中就是HandlerExceptionResolver。
initHandlerExceptionResolvers(context);
//有的Handler处理完后并没有设置View也没有设置ViewName，这时就需要从request获取ViewName了，
//如何从request中获取ViewName就是RequestToViewNameTranslator要做的事情了。
initRequestToViewNameTranslator(context);
//ViewResolver用来将String类型的视图名和Locale解析为View类型的视图。
//View是用来渲染页面的，也就是将程序返回的参数填入模板里，生成html（也可能是其它类型）文件。
initViewResolvers(context);
//用来管理FlashMap的，FlashMap主要用在redirect重定向中传递参数。
initFlashMapManager(context);
}
一、创建一个maven工程，目录结构如下：
二、创建@MyController @MyService @MyAutowired @MyRequestMapping 注解
MyAutowired
@Retention(RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME)
@Documented
public @interface MyAutowired {
String value() default "";
}
MyController
@Retention(RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME)
@Documented
public @interface MyController {
String value() default "";
}
MyRequestMapping
@Retention(RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME)
@Documented
public @interface MyRequestMapping {
String value();
}
MyService
@Retention(RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME)
@Documented
public @interface MyService {
String value() default "";
}
三、实现MyDispatcherServlet
public class MyDispatcherServlet extends HttpServlet{
private Logger log=Logger.getLogger("init");
private Properties properties = new Properties();
private List<String> classNames = new ArrayList();
private Map<String, Object> ioc = new HashMap();
//handlerMapping的类型可以自定义为Handler
private Map<String, Method> handlerMapping = new HashMap();
private Map<String, Object> controllerMap =new HashMap();
@Override
public void init(ServletConfig config) throws ServletException {
super.init();
log.info("初始化MyDispatcherServlet");
//1.加载配置文件，填充properties字段；
doLoadConfig(config.getInitParameter("contextConfigLocation"));
//2.根据properties，初始化所有相关联的类,扫描用户设定的包下面所有的类
doScanner(properties.getProperty("scanPackage"));
//3.拿到扫描到的类,通过反射机制,实例化,并且放到ioc容器中(k-v beanName-bean) beanName默认是首字母小写
doInstance();
// 4.自动化注入依赖
doAutowired();
//5.初始化HandlerMapping(将url和method对应上)
initHandlerMapping();
doAutowired2();
}
@Override
protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
// 注释掉父类实现，不然会报错：405 HTTP method GET is not supported by this URL
//super.doPost(req, resp);
log.info("执行MyDispatcherServlet的doPost()");
try {
//处理请求
doDispatch(req,resp);
} catch (Exception e) {
resp.getWriter().write("500!! Server Exception");
}
}
@Override
protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
// 注释掉父类实现，不然会报错：405 HTTP method GET is not supported by this URL
//super.doGet(req, resp);
log.info("执行MyDispatcherServlet的doGet()");
try {
//处理请求
doDispatch(req,resp);
} catch (Exception e) {
resp.getWriter().write("500!! Server Exception");
}
}
private void doDispatch(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws Exception {
if(handlerMapping.isEmpty()){
return;
}
String url =req.getRequestURI();
String contextPath = req.getContextPath();
url=url.replace(contextPath, "").replaceAll("/+", "/");
// 去掉url前面的斜杠"/"，所有的@MyRequestMapping可以不用写斜杠"/"
if(url.lastIndexOf('/')!=0){
url=url.substring(1);
}
if(!this.handlerMapping.containsKey(url)){
resp.getWriter().write("404 NOT FOUND!");
log.info("404 NOT FOUND!");
return;
}
Method method =this.handlerMapping.get(url);
//获取方法的参数列表
Class<?>[] parameterTypes = method.getParameterTypes();
//获取请求的参数
Map<String, String[]> parameterMap = req.getParameterMap();
//保存参数值
Object [] paramValues= new Object[parameterTypes.length];
//方法的参数列表
for (int i = 0; i<parameterTypes.length; i++){
//根据参数名称，做某些处理
String requestParam = parameterTypes[i].getSimpleName();
if (requestParam.equals("HttpServletRequest")){
//参数类型已明确，这边强转类型
paramValues[i]=req;
continue;
}
if (requestParam.equals("HttpServletResponse")){
paramValues[i]=resp;
continue;
}
if(requestParam.equals("String")){
for (Map.Entry<String, String[]> param : parameterMap.entrySet()) {
String value =Arrays.toString(param.getValue()).replaceAll("\\[|\\]", "").replaceAll(",\\s", ",");
paramValues[i]=value;
}
}
}
//利用反射机制来调用
try {
//第一个参数是method所对应的实例 在ioc容器中
//method.invoke(this.controllerMap.get(url), paramValues);
method.invoke(this.controllerMap.get(url), paramValues);
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
/**
* Description: 根据配置文件位置，读取配置文件中的配置信息，将其填充到properties字段
* Params:
* @param location: 配置文件的位置
* return: void
* Date: 2018/6/16 19:07
*/
private void doLoadConfig(String location){
//把web.xml中的contextConfigLocation对应value值的文件加载到流里面
InputStream resourceAsStream = this.getClass().getClassLoader().getResourceAsStream(location);
try {
//用Properties文件加载文件里的内容
log.info("读取"+location+"里面的文件");
properties.load(resourceAsStream);
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}finally {
//关流
if(null!=resourceAsStream){
try {
resourceAsStream.close();
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
}
/**
* Description: 将指定包下扫描得到的类，添加到classNames字段中；
* Params:
* @param packageName: 需要扫描的包名
* return: void
* Date: 2018/6/16 19:05
*/
private void doScanner(String packageName) {
URL url =this.getClass().getClassLoader().getResource("/"+packageName.replaceAll("\\.", "/"));
File dir = new File(url.getFile());
for (File file : dir.listFiles()) {
if(file.isDirectory()){
//递归读取包
doScanner(packageName+"."+file.getName());
}else{
String className =packageName +"." +file.getName().replace(".class", "");
classNames.add(className);
}
}
}
/**
* Description: 将classNames中的类实例化，经key-value：类名（小写）-类对象放入ioc字段中
* Params:
* @param :
* return: void
* Date: 2018/6/16 19:09
*/
private void doInstance() {
if (classNames.isEmpty()) {
return;
}
for (String className : classNames) {
try {
//把类搞出来,反射来实例化(只有加@MyController需要实例化)
Class<?> clazz =Class.forName(className);
if(clazz.isAnnotationPresent(MyController.class)){
ioc.put(toLowerFirstWord(clazz.getSimpleName()),clazz.newInstance());
}else if(clazz.isAnnotationPresent(MyService.class)){
MyService myService=clazz.getAnnotation(MyService.class);
String beanName=myService.value();
if ("".equals(beanName.trim())){
beanName=toLowerFirstWord(clazz.getSimpleName());
}
Object instance= clazz.newInstance();
ioc.put(beanName,instance);
Class[] interfaces=clazz.getInterfaces();
for (Class<?> i:interfaces){
ioc.put(i.getName(),instance);
}
}
else{
continue;
}
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
continue;
}
}
}
/**
* Description:自动化的依赖注入
* Params:
* @param :
* return: void
* Date: 2018/6/16 20:40
*/
private void doAutowired(){
if (ioc.isEmpty()){
return;
}
for (Map.Entry<String,Object> entry:ioc.entrySet()){
//包括私有的方法，在spring中没有隐私，@MyAutowired可以注入public、private字段
Field[] fields=entry.getValue().getClass().getDeclaredFields();
for (Field field:fields){
if (!field.isAnnotationPresent(MyAutowired.class)){
continue;
}
MyAutowired autowired= field.getAnnotation(MyAutowired.class);
String beanName=autowired.value().trim();
if ("".equals(beanName)){
beanName=field.getType().getName();
}
field.setAccessible(true);
try {
field.set(entry.getValue(),ioc.get(beanName));
}catch (Exception e){
e.printStackTrace();
continue;
}
}
}
}
private void doAutowired2(){
if (controllerMap.isEmpty()){ return; }
for (Map.Entry<String,Object> entry:controllerMap.entrySet()){
//包括私有的方法，在spring中没有隐私，@MyAutowired可以注入public、private字段
Field[] fields=entry.getValue().getClass().getDeclaredFields();
for (Field field:fields){
if (!field.isAnnotationPresent(MyAutowired.class)){
continue;
}
MyAutowired autowired= field.getAnnotation(MyAutowired.class);
String beanName=autowired.value().trim();
if ("".equals(beanName)){
beanName=field.getType().getName();
}
field.setAccessible(true);
try {
field.set(entry.getValue(),ioc.get(beanName));
}catch (Exception e){
e.printStackTrace();
continue;
}
}
}
}
/**
* Description: 初始化HandlerMapping(将url和method对应上)
* Params:
* @param :
* return: void
* Date: 2018/6/16 19:12
*/
private void initHandlerMapping(){
if(ioc.isEmpty()){ return; }
try {
for (Map.Entry<String, Object> entry: ioc.entrySet()) {
Class<? extends Object> clazz = entry.getValue().getClass();
if(!clazz.isAnnotationPresent(MyController.class)){
continue;
}
//拼url时,是controller头的url拼上方法上的url
String baseUrl ="";
if(clazz.isAnnotationPresent(MyRequestMapping.class)){
MyRequestMapping annotation = clazz.getAnnotation(MyRequestMapping.class);
baseUrl=annotation.value();
}
Method[] methods = clazz.getMethods();
for (Method method : methods) {
if(!method.isAnnotationPresent(MyRequestMapping.class)){
continue;
}
MyRequestMapping annotation = method.getAnnotation(MyRequestMapping.class);
String url = annotation.value();
url =(baseUrl+"/"+url).replaceAll("/+", "/");
handlerMapping.put(url,method);
controllerMap.put(url,clazz.newInstance());
System.out.println(url+","+method);
}
}
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
/**
* Description: 将字符串中的首字母小写
* Params:
* @param name:
* return: java.lang.String
* Date: 2018/6/16 19:13
*/
private String toLowerFirstWord(String name){
char[] charArray = name.toCharArray();
charArray[0] += 32;
return String.valueOf(charArray);
}
}
四、创建一个测试Controller
@MyController
@MyRequestMapping("hello")
public class HelloController {
@MyAutowired
HelloService helloservice;
@MyRequestMapping("test")
public void myTest(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response){
try {
response.getWriter().write( "success");
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
@MyRequestMapping("testservice")
public void myTest2(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response){
try {
helloservice.sayHello();
response.getWriter().write( "success HAHAHAHA");
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
五、web.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_1.xsd"
version="3.1">
<servlet>
<servlet-name>MyMVC</servlet-name>
<servlet-class>com.cheng.servlet.MyDispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
<init-param>
<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
<param-value>application.properties</param-value>
</init-param>
<load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
</servlet>
<servlet-mapping>
<servlet-name>MyMVC</servlet-name>
<url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping>
</web-app>
pom.xml:
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<groupId>com.cheng</groupId>
<artifactId>springmvc</artifactId>
<version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
<packaging>war</packaging>
<properties>
<project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
<maven.compiler.source>1.8</maven.compiler.source>
<maven.compiler.target>1.8</maven.compiler.target>
<java.version>1.8</java.version>
</properties>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
<artifactId>javax.servlet-api</artifactId>
<version>3.0.1</version>
<scope>provided</scope>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
</project>
经测试，都能得到预期的效果。大家可以多多练习以加深对springmvc的理解。
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