Sqoop安装教程

1 Sqoop简介

Apache Sqoop(TM)是一种旨在有效地在Apache Hadoop和诸如关系数据库等结构化数据存储之间传输大量数据的工具。

Sqoop于2012年3月孵化出来，现在是一个顶级的Apache项目。

2 Sqoop原理

将导入或导出命令翻译成mapreduce程序来实现。

在翻译出的mapreduce中主要是对inputformat和outputformat进行定制。

3 Sqoop安装

3.1 下载解压

1) 最新版下载地址：http://mirrors.hust.edu.cn/apache/sqoop/1.4.6/

2) 上传安装包sqoop-1.4.6.bin__hadoop-2.0.4-alpha.tar.gz到虚拟机中，如我的上传目录是：/opt/software/

3) 解压sqoop安装包到指定目录，如：

[caimh@master-node software]$ tar -zxvf sqoop-1.4.6.bin__hadoop-2.0.4-alpha.tar.gz -C /opt/module/

3.2 修改配置文件

Sqoop的配置文件与大多数大数据框架类似，在sqoop根目录下的conf目录中。

1) 重命名配置

[caimh@master-node conf]$ mv sqoop-env-template.sh sqoop-env.sh
[caimh@master-node conf]$ mv sqoop-site-template.xml sqoop-site.xml

 

2) 修改配置文件

sqoop-env.sh

[caimh@master-node conf]$ vim sqoop-env.sh
#Set path to where bin/hadoop is available
export HADOOP_COMMON_HOME=/opt/module/hadoop-2.7.4
#Set path to where hadoop-*-core.jar is available
export HADOOP_MAPRED_HOME=/opt/module/hadoop-2.7.4
#set the path to where bin/hbase is available
export HBASE_HOME=/opt/module/hbase-1.3.1
#Set the path to where bin/hive is available
export HIVE_HOME=/opt/module/hive-1.2.2
#Set the path for where bin/zk is available
export ZOOKEEPER_HOME=/opt/module/zookeeper-3.4.13
#Set the path for where zookeper config dir is
export ZOOCFGDIR=/opt/module/zookeeper-3.4.13

3.3 拷贝JDBC驱动

拷贝jdbc驱动到sqoop的lib目录下，如：

[caimh@master-node sqoop-1.4.6]$ cp /opt/software/mysql-libs/mysql-connector-java-5.1.27/mysql-connector-java-5.1.27-bin.jar lib/

3.4 验证Sqoop

我们可以通过某一个command来验证sqoop配置是否正确：

[caimh@master-node sqoop-1.4.6]$ bin/sqoop help
Available commands:
  codegen            Generate code to interact with database records
  create-hive-table  Import a table definition into Hive
  eval               Evaluate a SQL statement and display the results
  export             Export an HDFS directory to a database table
  help               List available commands
  import             Import a table from a database to HDFS
  import-all-tables  Import tables from a database to HDFS
  import-mainframe   Import datasets from a mainframe server to HDFS
  job                Work with saved jobs
  list-databases     List available databases on a server
  list-tables        List available tables in a database
  merge              Merge results of incremental imports
  metastore          Run a standalone Sqoop metastore
  version            Display version information

See 'sqoop help COMMAND' for information on a specific command.

3.5 测试Sqoop是否能够成功连接数据库

[caimh@master-node sqoop-1.4.6]$ bin/sqoop list-databases --connect jdbc:mysql://master-node:3306/ --username root --password 111111

19/10/17 22:12:58 INFO sqoop.Sqoop: Running Sqoop version: 1.4.6
19/10/17 22:12:58 WARN tool.BaseSqoopTool: Setting your password on the command-line is insecure. Consider using -P instead.
19/10/17 22:12:59 INFO manager.MySQLManager: Preparing to use a MySQL streaming resultset.
information_schema
metastore
mysql
performance_schema
test